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Medical Terminology > Chapter 7 E (Pathology) > Flashcards

Chapter 7 E (Pathology) Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Adenoiditis

A

Inflammation of the adenoids

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2
Q

Anthracosis

A

Lung disease caused by long-term inhalation of coal dust; black lung disease

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3
Q

Apnea

A

Cessation of breathing

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4
Q

Asbestosis

A

Lung disorder caused by long-term inhalation of asbestos (as in construction work)

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5
Q

Asthma

A

Chronic condition with obstruction or narrowing of the bronchial airways

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6
Q

Atelectasis

A

Collapse of a lung or part of a lung

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7
Q

Bacilli

A

A type of bacteria

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8
Q

Bradypnea

A

Abnormally slow breathing

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9
Q

Bronchospasm

A

Sudden contraction in the bronchi that causes coughing

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10
Q

Cheyne-Stokes respiration

A

Irregular breathing pattern with a period of apnea followed by deep, labored breathing that becomes shallow; then apneic

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11
Q

Chronic bronchitis

A

Recurring long-lasting bouts of bronchitis

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12
Q

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

A

Disease of the bronchial tubes or lungs with chronic obstruction

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13
Q

Crackles (rales)

A

Popping sounds heard in lung collapse or other conditions; rales

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14
Q

Croup

A

Acute respiratory syndrome in children or infants accompanied

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15
Q

Cystic fibrosis

A

disease that causes chronic airway obstruction and also affects the bronchial tubes

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16
Q

Diphtheria

A

Acute infection of the throat and upper respiratory tract caused by bacteria

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17
Q

Dysphonia

A

Hoarseness usually caused by laryngitis

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18
Q

Emphysema

A

Chronic condition of hyperinflation of the air sacs; often caused by prolonged smoking

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19
Q

Empyema

A

Pus in the pleural cavity

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20
Q

Epistaxis

A

Bleeding from the nose, usually caused by trauma or a sudden rupture of the blood vessels of the nose

21
Q

eupnea

A

Normal breathing

22
Q

Hemoptysis

A

Lung or bronchial hemorrhage resulting in the spitting of blood

23
Q

Hemothorax

A

Blood in the pleural cavity

24
Q

Hypercapnia

A

Excessive buildup of carbon dioxide in lungs, usually associated with hypoventilation

25
Q

Hyperpnea

A

Abnormally deep breathing

26
Q

Hypopnea

A

Abnormally shallow breathing

27
Q

Hypoxemia

A

Deficient amount of oxygen in the blood

28
Q

Hypoxia

A

Deficient amount of oxygen in tissue

29
Q

Laryngospasm

A

sudden contraction of the larynx, which may cause coughing and may restrict breathing

30
Q

Mesothelioma

A

Rare cancer of the lungs associated with asbestosis

31
Q

Orthopnea

A

Difficulty in breathing, especially while lying down

32
Q

Pansinusitis

A

Inflammation of all the sinuses

33
Q

Paroxysmal

A

Sudden, as a spasm or convulsion

34
Q

Pertussis

A

Severe infection of the pharynx, larynx, and trachea, caused by a bacteria; whooping cough

35
Q

Pleural effusion

A

Escape of fluid into the pleural cavity

36
Q

Pleurisy

A

Inflammation of the pleura; pleuritis

37
Q

Pneumoconiosis

A

Lung condition caused by inhaling dust

38
Q

Pneumonia

A

Acute infection of the alveoli

39
Q

Pneumonitis

A

Inflammation of the lung

40
Q

Pneumothorax

A

Accumulation of air or gas in the pleural cavity

41
Q

Pulmonary abscess

A

Large collection of pus in the lungs

42
Q

Pulmonary edema

A

Fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles usually caused by failure of the heart to pump enough blood to and from lungs

43
Q

ronchi

A

Whistling sound heard on inspiration in certain breathing disorders, especially asthma; wheezes

44
Q

Silicosis

A

Lung condition caused by silica dust from grinding rocks or glass or other materials used in manufacturing

45
Q

Singuluts

A

Hiccuping

46
Q

Stridor

A

High-pitched crowing sound heard in certain respiratory conditions

47
Q

Tuberculosis

A

Acute infectious disease caused by bacteria called bacilli

48
Q

Upper respiratory infection

A

Infection of all or part of the upper portion of the respiratory tract

Medical Terminology (50 decks)

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