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Medical Terminology > Chapter 1 Word Roots > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Word Roots Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Acanth(o)

Acanthoid:

A

Spiny thorny

spiny, thorny

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2
Q

Actin

Actinotherapy

A

Light

Ultraviolet light therapy used in a dermatology

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3
Q

Aer(o)

Aerogen:

A

Air, gas

has producing microorganism

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4
Q

Alge, algesi, algio, algo

Alagoplasm

A

Pain

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5
Q

Amyl(o)

Amylophagia:

A

Starch

abnormal craving for starch

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6
Q

Andro

Androblastoma

A

Masculine

testicular tumor

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7
Q

Athero

Atheroma:

A

Plaque, fatty substance

dwelling on the surface of an artery from a fatty deposit

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8
Q

Bacill(I)

Bacilliform,

A

Bacilli, bacteria

rod shaped like a bacterium

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9
Q

Bacteri(o)

Bacteriogenic:

A

Bacteria

caused by bacteria

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10
Q

Bar(o)

Barostat:

A

Weight pressure

pressure regulating device

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11
Q

Bas(o), basi(o)

Basophilic:

A

Base

having an affinity for basic dyes

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12
Q

Blasto

Glioblastoma:

A

Immature cells

growth consisting of immature neural cells

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13
Q

Cac(o)

Cacomelia:

A

Bad; ill

congenital limb deformity

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14
Q

Chlor

Chloruresis:

A

Chlorine; green

excretion of chloride in urine

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15
Q

Chondrio, chondro

Chondroycte:

A

Cartilage, grainy, gritty

Cartilage cell

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16
Q

Chore(o)

choreoathetosis:

A

dance

abnormal body movements

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17
Q

Chrom, chromat, chromo

chromatogenous:

A

color

producing color

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18
Q

chrono

chronometry:

A

time

measurement of time intervals

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19
Q

chyl(o)

chylopoiesis:

A

chyle, a digestive juice

production of chyle in the intestine

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20
Q

chym(o)

chymopoiesis:

A

chyme, semifluid production of chyme in the stomach

present during digestion

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21
Q

cine(o)

cineradiography:

A

movement

imagining of an organ in motion

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22
Q

coni(o)

coniometer

A

dust

device for measuring dust

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23
Q

crin(o)

crinogenic:

endocrine:

A

secrete

causing secretion

a gland that secretes internally into systemic circulation

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24
Q

cry(o)

cryocautery:

A

cold

destruction of tissue by freezing

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25
Q

crypt(o)

cryptogenic:

A

hidden; obscure

of obscure origin

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26
Q

cyan(o)

cyanopsia:

A

blue

condition following a cataract operation in which all objets appear blue

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27
Q

cycl(o)

cyclectomy:

A

circle; cycle; ciliary body

removal of a part of a ciliary body

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28
Q

cyst(o), cysti

cystoid:

A

bladder, cyst, cystic duct

bladder shaped

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29
Q

cyt(o)

cytoarchitecture:

A

cell

arrangement of cells in tissue

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30
Q

detxtr(o)

dextrocardia:

A

right, toward the right

displacement of the heart to the right

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31
Q

dips(o)

dipsomania,

A

thirst

alcholism

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32
Q

dors(o), dorsi

dorsalgia:

A

back

upper back pain

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33
Q

dynamo

dynamometer:

A

force, energy

instrument for measuring muscular power

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34
Q

echo

echocardiogram:

A

reflected sound

ultrasound recording of the heart

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35
Q

electr(o)

electrocardiogram:

A

electricity, electric

graphic record of the heart’s electrical currents

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36
Q

eosin(o)

eosinophilic:

A

red; rosy

staining readily with certain dies

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37
Q

ergo

ergograph

A

work

instrument for measuring work of muscular contractions

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38
Q

erythr(o)

erythroclasis

A

red, redness

fragmentation of red blood cells

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39
Q

esthesio

esthesiometery

A

sensation, perception

measurement of tactile sensibility

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40
Q

ethmo

ethmonasal

A

ethmoid bone

relating to the ethmoid and nasal bones

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41
Q

etio

etiopathology

A

cause

study of the cause of an abnormality or disease

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42
Q

fibr(o)

fibroplastic

A

fiber

producing fibrous tissue

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43
Q

fluor(o)

fluorochrom

A

light, luminous, flourine

fluorescent contrast medium

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44
Q

fungi

fungicide

A

fungus

fungicide: substance that destroys fungi

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45
Q

galact(o)

galactophoritis

A

milk

inflammation of the milk ducts

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46
Q

gen(o)

genoblast

A

producing; being born

nucleus of a fertilized ovum

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47
Q

gero, geront(o)

gerontology

A

old age

problems of aging

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48
Q

gonio

goniometer

A

angle

instrument for measuring angles

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49
Q

granulo

granuloma

A

granular

small granular lesion

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50
Q

home(o), homo

homeoplasia

A

same constant

formation of new, similar tissue

51
Q

hypn(o)

hypnogenesis

A

sleep

induction of sleep

52
Q

iatr(o)

iatrogenic

A

physician; treatment

produced or caused by treatment or diagnostic procedure

53
Q

ichthy(o)

ichthyotoxism

A

dry; scaly; fish

poisoning by fish

54
Q

idio

idiopathic

A

distinct; unknown

of unknown origin (said of a disease)

55
Q

immun(o)

immunodeficient

A

safe; immune

lacking in some essential immune function

56
Q

kal(i)

Kalemia

A

potassium

presence of potassium in blood

57
Q

ket(o), keton(o)

ketogenesis

A

ketone, acetone

metabolic production of ketones

58
Q

kinesi(o), kineso

kinesiology

A

motion

study of movement

59
Q

kyph(o)

kyphoscoliosis

A

humpback

kyphosis combined with scoliosis

60
Q

lact(o), lacti

lactogen

A

milk

agent that stimulates milk production

61
Q

lepto

leptomeninges

A

light, frail, thin

two delicate layers of meninges

62
Q

leuk(o)

leukoblast

A

white

immature white blood cell

63
Q

lip(o)

lipoblast

A

fat

embryonic fat cell

64
Q

lith(o)

lithotomy

A

stone

operation for removal of stones

65
Q

log(o)

logopathy

A

speech, words, thought

speech disorder

66
Q

lys(o)

lysemia

A

dissolution

dissolution of red blood cells

67
Q

macr(o)

macromelia

A

large, long

abnormally sized limb

68
Q

medi(o)

mediolateral

A

middle, medial plane

relating to the medial plane and one side of the body

69
Q

meg(a), megal(o)

megaloencephaly

A

large, million

abnormally large brain

70
Q

melan(o)

melanoderma

A

black, dark

abnormal skin darkening

71
Q

mes(o)

mesocephalic

A

middle, median

having a medium-sized head

72
Q

micr(o)

microorganism

A

small; one-millionth, tiny

tiny organism

73
Q

mio

miopragia

A

smaller less

lessened functional activity

74
Q

narco

narcolepsy

A

sleep, numbness

sleep disorder

75
Q

noct(i)

nocturia

A

night

urination at night

76
Q

normo

normocyte

A

normal

normal red blood cell

77
Q

oncho, onco

oncolysis

A

tumor

destruction of a tumor

78
Q

ortho(o)

orthodontics

A

straight, normal

dental specialty concerned with correction of tooth placement

79
Q

oxy

oxyphonia

A

sharp, acute, oxygen

shrillness of voice

80
Q

pachy

pachyonychia

A

thick

abnormal thickening of nails

81
Q

path(o)

pathogen

A

disease

disease causing substance

82
Q

phago

phagocyte

A

eating, devouring, swallowing

cell that ingests bacteria and other particles

83
Q

phon(o)

phonometer

A

sound , voice, speech

instrument for measuring sound

84
Q

phot(o)

photometer

A

light

instrument for measuring light

85
Q

phyt(o)

phytoxin

A

plant

substance from plants that is similar to a bacterial toxin

86
Q

physo

physocele

A

air, gas, growing

swelling due to gas

87
Q

plasma, plasmo

plasmapheresis

A

formative, plasma

separation of blood into parts

88
Q

poikilo

poikilocyte

A

varied, irregular

irregularly shaped red blood cell

89
Q

pyo

pyocyst

A

pus

cyst filled with pus

90
Q

pyreto

pyretogenous

A

fever

causing fever

91
Q

pyro

pyrogenic

A

fever, fire, heat

causing fever

92
Q

salping

salpingectomy

A

tube

removal of the fallopian tube

93
Q

schisto

schistocytosis

A

split

bladder fissure

94
Q

schiz(o)

schizophrenia

A

split, division

a spectrum of mental disorders often with a disorder in perception

95
Q

scler(o)

scleroderma

A

hardness, hardening

thickening and hardness of skin

96
Q

scolio

scoliometer

A

crooked bent

instrument for measuring curves

97
Q

scoto

scotograph

A

darkness

appliance for helping the blind to write

98
Q

sidero

sideropenia

A

iron

abnormally low level of iron in the blood

99
Q

sito

sitotoxin

A

food, grain

any food poison

100
Q

somat(o)

somatogenic

A

body

originating in the body

101
Q

somn(o), somni

somnambulism

A

sleep

sleepwalking

102
Q

spasmo

spasmolytic

A

spasm

agent that relieves spasms

103
Q

spher(o)

spherocyte

A

round, spherical

spherical red blood cell

104
Q

spir(o)

spiroscope

A

breath, breathe

device for measuring lung capacity

105
Q

squamo

squamofrontal

A

scale, squamous

relating to the squamous part of the frontal bone

106
Q

staphyl(o)

staphylococcus

A

grapelike clusters

a common species that is the cause of a variety of infections

107
Q

steno

stenocephaly

A

narrowness

narrowness of the head

108
Q

stere(o)

sterology

A

three-dimensional

study of 3D aspects of a cell

109
Q

strepto

streptococcus

A

twisted chains, streptococci

a common organism that can cause various infections

110
Q

styl(o)

styloid

A

peg-shaped

said of a bony growth

111
Q

syring(o)

syringitis

A

tube

inflammation of the eustachian tube

112
Q

tel(o), tele(o)

telophase

A

distant, end, complete

final stages of mitosis or meiosis

113
Q

terato

teratogen

A

monster (as a malformed fetus)

agent that causes a malformed fetus

114
Q

tono

tonometer

A

tension, pressure

instrument for measuring pressure

115
Q

top(o)

topography

A

place, topical

description of a body part in terms of specific surface area

116
Q

tox(i), toxico, toxo

toxipathy

A

poison, toxin

disease due to poisoning

117
Q

tropho

trophocyte

A

food, nutrition

cell that provides nutrition

118
Q

vivi

viviparous

A

life

giving birth to living young

119
Q

xanth(o)

xanthoderma

A

yellow

yellowish skin

120
Q

xer(o)

xerasia

A

dry

dry and brittle hair

121
Q

xiph(o)

xiphocostal

A

sword, xiphoid

relating to the xiphoid process and the ribs

122
Q

zo(o)

zooblast

A

life

animal cell

123
Q

zym(o)

zymogram

A

fermentation, enzyme

strips of paper for testing for location of enzymes

Medical Terminology (50 decks)

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