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Medical Terminology > Chapter 3 (Body Structure) > Flashcards

Chapter 3 (Body Structure) Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

abdominal cavity

A

body space between the abdominal walls, above the pelvis, and below the diaphragm

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2
Q

dorsal cavity

A

main cavity on the back side of the body containing the cranial and spinal cavities

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3
Q

pelvic cavity

A

space between the abdominal cavity that includes the reproductive organs

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4
Q

thoracic cavity

A

body space above the abdominal cavity that contains the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels

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5
Q

ventral cavity

A

major cavity in the front of the body containing the thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic cavities

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6
Q

coronal plane/frontal plane

A

line that divides the body into anterior and posterior

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7
Q

epigastric region

A

area of the body immediately above the stomach

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8
Q

hypochondriac regions

A

left and right regions of the body just below the cartilage of the ribs and immediately above the abdomen

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9
Q

hypogastric regions

A

left and right regions of the body just below the cartilage of the ribs and immediately above the abdomen (!!!!!check!!!!!)

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10
Q

iliac/inguinal regions

A

left and right regions of the body near the upper portion of the hip bone

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11
Q

lumbar regions

A

left and right regions of the body near the abdomen

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12
Q

medial/midsagittal plane

A

imaginary line that divides the body into equal left and right halves

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13
Q

sagittal plane

A

imaginary line that divides the body into right and left portions

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14
Q

transverse plane

A

imaginary line that intersects the body horizontally

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15
Q

umbilical region

A

area of the body surrounding the umbilicus

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16
Q

ventral

A

at or toward the front of the body

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17
Q

acetabul(o)

acetabulectomy

A

cup-shaped hip socket

excision of the acetabulum

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18
Q

aden(o)

adenitis

A

gland

inflammation of a gland

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19
Q

adip(o)

adiposis

A

fat

condition of excessive accumulation of fat

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20
Q

alveol(o)

alveolitis

A

air sac, alveolus

inflammation of alveoli

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21
Q

angi(o)

angiomegaly

A

vessel

enlargement of blood vessels

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22
Q

aort(o)

aoritis

A

aorta

inflammation of the aorta

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23
Q

arteri(o)

arteriosclerosis

A

artery

hardening of the arteries

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24
Q

arteriol(o)

arteriolosclerosis

A

arteriole

hardening of the arterioles, often seen in conjunction with chronic high blood pressure

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25
Q

arthr(o)

arthralgia

A

joint, articulation

severe joint pain

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26
Q

aur(i), auricul(o)

auriform

auriculocranial

A

ear

ear-shaped

of the ear and cranium

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27
Q

blephar(o)

blepharitis

A

eyelid

inflammation of the eyelid

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28
Q

brachi(o)

brachialgia

A

arm

pain in the arm

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29
Q

bronch(o), bronchi

bronchomycosis

A

bronchus

fungal disease of the bronchi

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30
Q

bucc(o)

buccolabial

A

cheek

relating to both the cheeks and lips

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31
Q

burs(o)

bursitis

A

bursitis

inflammation of the bursa

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32
Q

calcane(o)

calcaneodynia

A

heel bone

heel pain

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33
Q

cardi(o)

caridomegaly

cardiectomy

A

heart, esophangeal opening of the stomach

enlargement of the heart

excision of the cardiac portion of the heart

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34
Q

carp(o)

carpopedal

A

wrist bones

relating to the wrist and the foot

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35
Q

celi(o)

celiorrhaphy

A

abdomen

suture of an abdominal wound

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36
Q

cephal(o)

caphalmegaly

A

head

enlargement of the head

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37
Q

cerebell(o)

cerebellitis

A

cerebellum

inflammation of the cerebellum

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38
Q

cerebr(o)

cerebrotomy

A

cerebrum

incision into the brain

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39
Q

cervic(o)

cervicodynia

A

neck, cervix

neck pain

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40
Q

cheil(o), chil(o)

lip

A

lip

plastic surgery of the lips

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41
Q

chir(o)

chiropractic

A

hand

theory that uses manipulation of the spine to restore and maintain health

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42
Q

chol(e), cholo

cholelith

A

bile

gallstone

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43
Q

chondri(o), chondr(o)

chondromalacia

A

cartilage

softening of cartilage

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44
Q

colp(o)

colporrhagia

A

vagina

vaginal hemorrhage

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45
Q

core(o)

coreplasty

A

pupil

surgical correction of a pupil

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46
Q

cortic(o)

corticectomy

A

cortex

removal of a part of the cortex

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47
Q

costi, costo

costogenic

A

rib

arising from a rib

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48
Q

dactyl(o)

dactylitis

A

fingers, toes

finger inflammation

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49
Q

duoden(o)

duodenum

A

duodenum

examination of the interior of the dunodenum

50
Q

encephal(o)

encephalomyeloneuropathy

A

brain

disease involving the brain, spinal cord, and nerves

51
Q

enter(o)

enteritis

A

intestines

inflammation of the intestine

52
Q

episi(o)

episiotomy

A

vulva

surgical incision into the vulva a the time of birth to avoid tearing of the perineum

53
Q

gastr(o)

gastritis

A

stomach

inflammation of the stomach

54
Q

gingiv(o)

gingivitis

A

gum

inflammation of gums

55
Q

gloss(o)

glossodynia

A

tongue

pain in the tongue

56
Q

gnath(o)

gnathoplasty

A

jaw

plastic surgery on the jaw

57
Q

gonad(o)

gonodopathy

A

sex glands

disease of the gonads

58
Q

hem(a), hemat(o), hemo

hematoma

A

blood

mass of clotted blood

59
Q

hepat(o), hepatic(o)

hepatoma

A

liver

malignant cancer of the liver cells

60
Q

hidr(o)

hidropoeisis

A

sweat

production of sweat

61
Q

histi(o), histo

histolysis

A

tissue

breakdown of tissue

62
Q

hyster(o)

hysterectomy

A

uterus, hysteria

removal of the uterus

63
Q

ile(o)

ileocolitis

A

ileum

inflammation of the colon and the ileum

64
Q

ili(o)

iliospinal

A

ilium

relating to the ilium and the spine

65
Q

inguin(o)

inguinopertoneal

A

groin

relating to the groin and peritoneum

66
Q

irid(o)

iridodilator

A

iris

agent that causes dilation of the pupil

67
Q

ischi(o)

ischialgia

A

ischium

hip pain

68
Q

kary(o)

karyotype

A

chromosomal

chromosomal characteristics of a cell

69
Q

kerat(o)

keratitis

A

cornea

inflammation of the cornea

70
Q

labi(o)

labioplasty

A

lip

plastic surgery of a lip

71
Q

lamin(o)

laminectomy

A

lamina

removal of a bony portion that forms the arch that surrounds the vertebra

72
Q

lapar(o)

laparomyositis

A

abdominal wall

inflammation of abdominal muscles

73
Q

linguo

linguocclusion

A

tongue

displacement of a tooth toward the tongue

74
Q

lip(o)

A

fat

75
Q

mast(o)

mastitis

A

breast

inflammation of the breast

76
Q

maxill(o)

maxillitis

A

maxilla

inflammation of jawbone

77
Q

medull(o)

medulloblastoma

A

medulla

tumor having cells similar to those in medullary substances

78
Q

mening(o)

A

meninges

79
Q

muco

mucolytic

A

mucus

agent capable of dissolving mucus

80
Q

my(o)

myocarditis

A

muscle

inflammation of the muscle tissue of the heart

81
Q

myel(o)

myelopathy

A

spinal cord, bone marrow

disease of the spinal cord

82
Q

nephr(o)

nephritis

A

kidney

inflammation of the kidneys

83
Q

odont(o)

odontalgia

A

tooth

toothache

84
Q

oo

oocyte

A

egg

immature ovum

85
Q

oophor(o)

oophorectomy

A

ovary

removal of an ovary

86
Q

ophthalm(o)

ophthalmoscope

A

eye

device for examining interior of the eyeball

87
Q

opto, optico

A

eye , eyesight

88
Q

or(o)

mouth

A

mouth

relating to the mouth and face

89
Q

orchi(o), orchid(o)

orchialgia

A

testis

pain in the testis

90
Q

osseo, ossi

ossiferous

A

bone

containing or generating bone

91
Q

ost(e), osteo

osteocondritis

A

bone

inflammation of a bone and its cartilage

92
Q

ot(o)

otitis

A

ear

inflammation of the ear

93
Q

ped(o), pedi

A

foot, child

94
Q

pelvi(o), pelvo

A

pelvic bone, hip

95
Q

phleb(o)

phlebitis

A

vein

inflammation of a vein

96
Q

phren(o), phreni, phrenico

phrenicocolic

exerting its principal effect on the mind

A

diaphragm, mind

relating to the diaphragm and colon

exerting its principal effect on the mind

97
Q

pil(o)

pilonidal

A

hair

havign hair, in a cyst

98
Q

pleur(o), pleura

pleurography

A

rib, side, pleura

imaging of the pleural cavity

99
Q

pneum(a), pneumat(o), pneum(o), pneumon(o)

penumonitis

A

lungs, air, breathing

inflammation of the lungs

100
Q

proct(o)

proctalgia

A

anus

pain in the anus

101
Q

psych(o), psyche

psychomotor

A

mind

relating to psychological influence on body movement

102
Q

pulmon(o)

pulmonitis

A

lungs

inflammation of the lung

103
Q

pyel(o)

peylitis

A

renal pelvis

inflammation of the cavity below the kidneys

104
Q

rachi(o)

rachiometer

A

spine

instrument for measuring curvature of the spine

105
Q

reni, reno

reniform

A

kidney

kidney shaped

106
Q

sacr(o)

sacralgia

A

sacrum

pain in the sacral area

107
Q

scler(o)

sclerodermatitis

A

sclera

inflammation and thickening of the skin

108
Q

sial(o)

sialism

A

salivary glands, saliva

excessive production of saliva

109
Q

somat(o)

somatophrenia

A

body

tendency to imagine bodily illness

110
Q

splanchn(o), splanchni

splanchnolith

A

viscera

stone in the intestinal tract

111
Q

spondyl(o)

spondylitis

A

vertebra

inflammation of a vertebra

112
Q

stern(o)

sternalgia

A

sternum

sternum pain

113
Q

steth(o)

A

chest

114
Q

stom(a), stomat(o)

stomatopathy

A

mouth

disease of the mouth

115
Q

test(o)

A

testis

116
Q

thorac(o), thoracico

thoracalgia

A

thorax, chest

chest pain

117
Q

thym(o)

thymokinetic

A

thymus gland

agent that activates the thymus gland

118
Q

thyr(o)

thyrotomy

A

thyroid gland

operation that cuts the thyroid gland

119
Q

trich(o), trichi

trichoid

A

hair

hairlike

120
Q

varico

A

varicosity

121
Q

vas(o)

vasoconstrictor

A

blood vessel, duct

agent that narrows blood vessels

122
Q

ventricul(o)

A

ventricle

Medical Terminology (50 decks)

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