Chapter 5 E (Pathology)

Question 1

ankylosis

Answer 1

stiffening of a joint, especially as a result of disease

Question 2

bunion

Answer 2

an inflamed bursa at the foot joint, between the big toe and the first met.

Question 3

calcar

Answer 3

spur

Question 4

carpal tunnel syndrome

Answer 4

pain and paresthesia in the hand due to repetitive motion injury of the median nerve

Question 5

chrondromalacia

Answer 5

softening of the cartilage

Question 6

Colles’ fracture

Answer 6

fracture of the lower end of the radius

Question 7

Comminuted fracture

Answer 7

Fracture with shattered bones

Question 8

Complicated fracture

Answer 8

fracture involving extensive soft tissue injury

Question 9

Compression fracture

Answer 9

Fracture of one or more vertebrae caused by compressing of the space between the vertebrae

Question 10

Contracture

Answer 10

Extreme resistance to the stretching of a muslce

Question 11

Crepitation, crepitus

Answer 11

Noise made by rubbing together of bones

Question 12

Dislocation

Answer 12

Movement of a joint out of its normal position as a result of an injury or sudden, strenuous movement

Question 13

Dystonia

Answer 13

Abnormal tone in tissues

Question 14

Epiphysitis

Answer 14

Inflammation of the epiphysis

Question 15

Exostosis

Answer 15

Abnormal bone growth capped with cartilage

Question 16

Greenstick fracture

Answer 16

fracture with twisting or bending of the bone but not breaking; usually occurs in children

Question 17

Herniated disk

Answer 17

Protrusion of an intervertebral disk into the neural canal

Question 18

Hypotonia

Answer 18

Abnormally reduced muscle tension

Question 19

Impacted fracture

Answer 19

Fracture in which a fragment from one part of the fracture is driven into tissue of another part

Question 20

Incomplete fracture

Answer 20

Fracture that does not go entirely through a bone

Question 21

Leiomyoma

Answer 21

Benign tumor of smooth muscle

Question 22

Leiomyosarcoma

Answer 22

malignant tumor of smooth muscle

Question 23

Lordosis

Answer 23

Abnormal anterior spine curvature

Question 24

Muscular dystrophy

Answer 24

Progressive degenerative disorder affecting the musculoskeletal system and, later the organs

Question 25

Myalgia

Answer 25

Muscle pain

Question 26

Myeloma

Answer 26

Bone marrow tumor

Question 27

Myoma

Answer 27

Benign muscle tumor

Question 28

Ostealgia

Answer 28

Bone pain

Question 29

Osteoarthritis

Answer 29

Arthritis with loss of cartilage

Question 30

Osteosarcoma

Answer 30

Malignant tumor of bone

Question 31

Podagra

Answer 31

Pain in the big toe, often associated with gout

Question 32

rhabdomyoma

Answer 32

Benign tumor in striated muscle

Question 33

rhabdomyosarcoma

Answer 33

malignant tumor in striated muscle

Question 34

Rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 34

Autoimmune disorder affecting connective tissue

Question 35

Rickets

Answer 35

Disease of the skeletal system, usually caused by vitamin D deficiency

Question 36

Sciatica

Answer 36

Pain in the lower back, usually radiating down the leg, from a herniated disk or other injury or condition

Question 37

Sequestrum

Answer 37

Piece of dead tissue or bone separated from the surrounding area

Question 38

Spondylolisthesis

Answer 38

Degenerative condition in which on vertebra misaligns with the one below it, a slipped disk

Question 39

Spondylolysis

Answer 39

Degenerative condition of the moving part of a vertebra

Question 40

Subluxation

Answer 40

Partial dislocation, as between joint surfaces

Question 41

Talipes calcaneus

Answer 41

Deformity of the heel resulting from weakened calf muscles

Question 42

Talipes valgus

Answer 42

Foot deformity characterized by eversion of the foot

Question 43

Talipes varus

Answer 43

Foot deformity characterized by inversion of the foot

Question 44

Tetany

Answer 44

painfully long muscle contraction