Chapter 7 - Cells Flashcards
Disintegrate left over material after proteins and other things are shipped out.
Lysosomes
The cover of the nucleus.
Nuclear Envelope
Small particles of DNA and protein bound together found in the cytoplasm and on the side of some endoplasmic reticulums.
Ribosomes
Where lipid components and proteins and other exported materials are assembled.
Endoplasmic Reticulum
These help to organize cell division.
Centrioles
Power house of the cell (create chemical energy from nutrients consumed by the organism).
Mitochondria
Store water and nutrients for function in a cell.
Vacuoles
Consists of DNA bound to protein - often inside nucleus.
Chromatin
Inside nucleus where assembly of ribosomes begins.
Nucleolus
Double layered cell membrane.
Lipid Bilayer
The goop outside the nucleus that the organelles rest in.
Cytoplasm
These perform photosynthesis in plant cells.
Chloroplasts
Center of cell that contains DNA.
Nucleus
Strong supporting layer around the cell membrane of plant cells.
Cell Wall
Cells are…
The basic unit of life.
Structure in a cell
Cytoskeleton
States that all living things are consisted of cells, cells are the basic structure of life, new cells are produced from existing cells.
Cell Theory
Cell that has a nucleus.
Eukaryote
Threadlike structures that contain the genetic information passed down to other cells.
Chromosomes
The functional structures in a cell.
Organelles
Package proteins coming out of the nucleus to be shipped out.
Golgi Apparatus
Thin flexible layer protecting the cell.
Cell Membrane
Cells that don’t have nuclei.
Prokaryotes
The mass of solute in a given volume of solvent
Concentration
movement of molecules from high concentration to low concentration
Diffusion
When the concentration of a solute is the same throughout the system
Equilibrium
Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
Osmosis
When the concentration of a solute in both the cell and it’s surroundings are the same
Isotonic
When the concentration of a solute is high on one side of a membrane
Hypertonic
When the concentration of a solute is lower on one side of a membrane
Hypotonic
When protein channels in the membrane allow certain materials to pass through
Facilitated Diffusion
This is diffusion that requires energy from the cell. This involves the transport of small particles across the cell membrane using transport proteins (Pumps) in the membrane itself.
Active Transport
Taking large material into a cell by growing the membrane around it.
Endocytosis
Taking in solids - means “cell eating” - related to endocytosis
Phagocytosis
Taking in liquids - related to endocytosis
Pinocytosis
releasing large materials from a cell by growing the membrane behind the object/particle.
Exocytosis
Cell Theory
States that all living things are consisted of cells, cells are the basic structure of life, new cells are produced from existing cells.
