Chapter 11 - Genetics

Question 1

Genetics

Answer 1

Study of heredity

Question 2

Fertilization

Answer 2

When male and female reproductive cells combine/join

Question 3

True-Breeding

Answer 3

Breeding offspring identical to the parent (most often in asexual reproduction). Child receives the same trait from both parents: TT or tt

Question 4

Trait

Answer 4

Specific characteristic - height, eye color - that is unique for individuals

Question 5

Hybrids

Answer 5

Offspring with different traits from each parent: In terms of height, Tt

Question 6

Genes

Answer 6

Chemicals that determine traits

Question 7

Allele

Answer 7

Different forms of one gene: TT or Tt or tt

Question 8

Principle of Dominance

Answer 8

States that some alleles are dominant and some recessive

Question 9

Segregation

Answer 9

Separation

Question 10

Gametes

Answer 10

Sex cells

Question 11

Independent Assortment

Answer 11

Alleles for different traits separate independently

Question 12

Incomplete Dominance

Answer 12

When neither of the alleles are more dominant than the other, so both show up. eg. A dog with the fur genotype BW (black and white), they both show up in spots.

Question 13

Codominance

Answer 13

When two alleles are equally dominant, and they combine: dog with BW fur, has grey fur

Question 14

Multiple Alleles

Answer 14

Genes that require more than two alleles to be determined; This means that more than two possible genes exist in a population

Question 15

Polygenic

Answer 15

When traits are determined by two or more genes