Chapter 1 ' The Science of Biology

Question 1

Science

Answer 1

An organized way of using evidence to learn about the natural world

Question 2

Spontaneous Generation

Answer 2

The hypothesis that life could arise from non-living

matter

Question 3

Controlled Experiment

Answer 3

Where all variables are kept the same, or controlled, except one; only one variable is changed at a time

Question 4

Manipulated Variable

Answer 4

The variable that is intentionally changed

Question 5

Responding Variable

Answer 5

The variable that changed in response to the manipulated variable

Question 6

Observation

Answer 6

Gathering info about events/processes in an orderly way. Generally uses sight and hearing.

Question 7

Data

Answer 7

Info gathered from the observations`

Question 8

Inference

Answer 8

Logical interpretation based on prior knowledge/experience

Question 9

Hypothesis

Answer 9

Proposed scientific explanation for a set of observations

Question 10

Who and in what year disproved the spontaneous generation hypothesis?

Answer 10

Louis Pasteur, in 1864

Question 11

Theory

Answer 11

A hypothesis with enough scientific evidence/support that scientists call it a theory; supported by many observations

Question 12

Biology

Answer 12

The study of life

Question 13

The characteristics of living things:

Answer 13

• They are made up of cells
• They reproduce
• They are based on a universal genetic code
• They grow and DEVELOP
• They obtain and use materials and energy
• They respond to their environment
• They maintain a stable internal environment
• As a group, living things change over time

Question 14

Metric System

Answer 14

A measurement system that’s units increase in multiples of ten. (Study the Metric System deck)

Question 15

Microscope

Answer 15

Used to see very small things

Question 16

Compound Light Microscope

Answer 16

Allows light to pass through the specimen and uses two lenses to focus/form the image

Question 17

Electron Microscope

Answer 17

Use electrons to produce images.

Question 18

What is a T.E.M., and what does it do?

Answer 18

Transmission Electron Microscope;

It shines a thin beam of electrons through a thin specimen. They reveal incredible detail.

Question 19

What is an S.E.M., and what does it do?

Answer 19

Scanning Electron Microscope;
It scans a narrow beam of electrons across the surface of the specimen. They produce an accurate 3D model of the specimen.

Question 20

Cell Culture

Answer 20

A group of cells

Question 21

Cell Fractionation

Answer 21

Used to separate the organelles in cell;

1. Cells are broken into pieces with a “special” blender
2. The broken cell bits are added to a liquid placed in a tube
3. The tube is put in a centrifuge
4. A Biologist then removes the specific part of the cell to be studied