chapter 7 Flashcards
alveoli
very small, grapelike clusters found at the end of each bronciole
-air sacs
anoxia
absence of oxygen from the body’s tissues and organs even though there is an adequate flow of blood
antitussive
administered to prevent or relieve coughing
-cough medicine
aphonia
loss of ability of the larynx to produce normal speech sounds
asbestosis
caused by asbestos particles in the lungs
asphyxia
loss of consciousness that occurs when the body cannot get the oxygen it needs to function
laryngospasm
sudden involuntary contraction of the larynx
atelectasis
incomplete expansion of part or all of a lung
-collapsed lung
bradypnea
abnormally slow rate of respiration
bronchodilator
an inhaled medication that relaxes and expands the bronchial passages into the lungs
bronchoscopy
visual examination of the bronchi using a bronchoscope
sinusitis
inflammation of the sinuses
Cheyne-Stokes respiration
irregular pattern of breathing characterized by alternating rapid or shallow respiration followed by slower respiration or apnea
cystic fibrosis
life threatening genetic disorder in which the lungs and pancreas are clogged with large quantities of abnormally thick mucus
cyanosis
bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes caused by a lack of o2 in the blood
empyema
collection of pus in a body cavity
hemothorax
collection of blood in the pleural cavity
hyperpnea
-breathing that is deeper and more rapid than is at normal rest
hypopnea
shallow or slow respiration
laryngitis
inflammation of the larynx
endotracheal intubation
the passage of a tube through the mouth into the trachea to establish or maintain an open air way
pleurodynia
pain in the pleura
hemoptysis
expectoration of blood derived from the lungs or bronchial tubes
pneumonia
serious inflammation of the lungs in which the alveoli and air passages fill with pus and other fluids
hypercapnia
abnormal buildup of Co2 in the blood
pyothorax
- presence of pus in the pleural cavity
- empyema of the pleural cavity
hypoxemia
condition of having low O2 levels in the blood
dysphonia
difficulty in speaking
hypoxia
condition of having deficient oxygen levels in the body’s tissues and organs
laryngectomy
the surgical removal of the larynx
polysomnography
measures physiological activity during sleep
-sleep study
sleep apnea
potentially serious disorder in which breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep
spirometer
recording device that measures volume of air
nebulizer
an electronic device that pumps air or O2 through a liquid medicine to turn it into a mist, which is then inhaled by the patient
phlegm
a thick mucus secreted by the tissues lining the respiratory tract
pulmonologist
physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the respiratory system
pulse oximeter
-external monitor placed on the patient’s fingertip or earlobe to measure the O2 saturation level in the blood
thoracentesis
the surgical puncture into the chest wall with a needle to obtain fluid from the pleural cavity
thoracotomy
surgical incision into the chest wall to open the pleural cavity
tracheostomy
the surgical creation of a stoma into the trachea
tracheotomy
the surgical incision into the trachea
tuberculosis
infectious disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis and usually attacks the lungs
pneumonectomy
the surgical removal to remove all or part of a lung
dysphonia
difficulty in speaking
bronchorrhea
excessive discharge of mucus from the bronchi
bronchospasm
sudden involuntary contraction of the bronchi
croup
an acute respiratory infection in children and infants characterized by obstruction of the larynx, hourseness and swelling around the vocal cords resulting in a barking cough and stridor
diphtheria
an acute bacterial infection of the throat and upper respiratory tract
dyspnea
difficult or labored breathing
-shortness of breath
epistaxis
hemorrhage from the nose
-nose bleed
laryngoscopy
visual examination of the larynx using a laryngoscope
mediastinum
middle section of the chest cavity and is located between the lungs
otolaryngologist
physician with specialized training in diagnosis and treatment of diseases and disorders of the ear, nose and throat
pertussis
contagious bacterial infection of the upper respiratory tract that is characterized by recurrent bouts of paroxysmal cough, followed by breathlessness and a noisy inspiration
-whooping cough
pharyngitis
inflammation of the pharynx
-sore throat
tachypnea
abnormally rapid rate of breathing
pleurisy
inflammation of the pleura
-pleuritis
pneumoconiosis
any fibrosis of the lung tissues caused by dust in the lungs
pneumothorax
accumulation of air in the pleural space
