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Med term > chapter 5 > Flashcards

chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

valvulitis

A

Inflammation of a heart valve.

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2
Q

thrombus

A

A blood clot attached to the interior wall of a vein or an artery.

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3
Q

thrombosis

A

The abnormal condition of having a thrombus.

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4
Q

thrombolytic

A

Medication that dissolves or causes a thrombus to break up; also known as a clot-busting drug.

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5
Q

thrombocytopenia

A

A condition in which there is an abnormally small number of platelets circulating in the blood.

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6
Q

tachycardia

A

An abnormally rapid resting heart rate.

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7
Q

sepsis

A

A potentially life-threatening infection that results from bacteria or other infectious organisms entering the bloodstream.

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8
Q

phlebitis

A

Inflammation of a vein.

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9
Q

pericardium

A

The double-walled membranous sac that encloses the heart.

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10
Q

leukopenia

A

A decrease in the number of disease-fighting white blood cells circulating in the blood.

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11
Q

leukocytes

A

White blood cells that are involved in defending the body against infective organisms and foreign substances.

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12
Q

leukemia

A

A type of cancer characterized by a progressive increase in the number of abnormal leukocytes found in blood-forming tissues, other organs, and in the circulating blood.

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13
Q

hemostasis

A

to stop or control bleeding

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14
Q

erythrocytes

A

mature red blood cell

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15
Q

endocaritis

A

Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart.

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16
Q

embolus

A

A foreign object that is circulating in the blood.

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17
Q

electrocardiogram

A

A record of the electrical activity of the myocardium.

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18
Q

cholesterol

A

A fatty substance that travels through the blood and is found in all parts of the body.

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19
Q

carotid endarterectomy

A

Surgical removal of the lining of a portion of a clogged carotid artery leading to the brain.

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20
Q

cardiomyopathy

A

The term used to describe all diseases of the heart muscle.

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21
Q

bradycardia

A

An abnormally slow resting heart rate.

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22
Q

blood dyscrasia

A

Any pathologic condition of the cellular elements of the blood.

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23
Q

beta blocker

A

A medication that reduces the workload of the heart by slowing the rate of the heartbeat.

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24
Q

atherosclerosis

A

Hardening and narrowing of the arteries due to a buildup of cholesterol plaque on the interior walls of the arteries.

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25
Q

atheroma

A

A deposit of plaque on or within the arterial wall

26
Q

atherectomy

A

Surgical removal of plaque buildup from the interior lining of an artery.

27
Q

anticoagulant

A

Medication that slows coagulation and prevents new clots from forming.

28
Q

angioplasty

A

The technique of mechanically widening a narrowed or obstructed blood vessel.

29
Q

aneurysm

A

A localized weak spot or balloon-like enlargement of the wall of an artery.

30
Q

A very rapid heartbeat that begins within the ventricles.

A

ventricular tachycardia

31
Q

The rapid, irregular, and useless contractions of the ventricles.

A

ventricular fibrulation

32
Q

Abnormally swollen veins, usually occurring in the superficial veins of the legs.

A

varicose veins

33
Q

A serious and potentially fatal complication of a blood transfusion in which a severe immune response occurs because the patient’s blood and the donated blood do not match.

A

transfusion reaction

34
Q

The blocking of an artery by a thrombus.

A

thrombotic occlusion

35
Q

A condition in which there is an abnormally small number of platelets circulating in the blood.

A

thrombocytopenia

36
Q

A diagnostic test performed to evaluate how well blood flows through the coronary arteries of the heart muscle during exercise.

A

thallium stress test

37
Q

A form of vasculitis that can cause headaches, visual impairment, jaw pain, and other symptoms.

A

temporal arteritis

38
Q

A potentially life-threatening infection that results from bacteria or other infectious organisms entering the bloodstream.

A

sepsis

39
Q

A peripheral arterial occlusive disease in which intermittent attacks are triggered by cold or stress.

A

raynaud’s disease

40
Q

A form of anemia caused by a lack of the protein that helps the body absorb vitamin B12

A

pernicious anemia

41
Q

Low blood pressure that occurs upon standing up; also known as postural hypotension.

A

orthostatic hypotension

42
Q

The occlusion of one or more coronary arteries caused by plaque buildup

A

myocardial infarction

43
Q

A type of cancer in which there is insufficient production of one or more types of blood cells due to dysfunction of the bone marrow.

A

myelodysplastic syndrome

44
Q

A blood disorder characterized by anemia in which red blood cells are larger than normal.

A

megaloblastic anemia

45
Q

The oxygen-carrying blood protein pigment of the erythocytes.

A

hemoglobin

46
Q

A foreign object that is circulating in the blood.

A

embolus

47
Q

The sudden blockage of a blood vessel by an embolus.

A

embolism

48
Q

Medication administered to stimulate the kidneys to increase the secretion of urine to rid the body of excess sodium and water.

A

diuretic

49
Q

The use of electrical shock to restore the heart’s normal rhythm; also known as cardioversion.

A

defibrillation

50
Q

Damage to the heart muscle caused by a thrombus blocking a coronary artery.

A

coronary thrombosis

51
Q

Atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries that reduces blood supply to the heart muscle.

A

coronary artery disease

52
Q

A condition in which venous circulation is inadequate due to partial vein blockage or leakage of venous valves.

A

chronic venous insufficiency

53
Q

A diagnostic and treatment procedure in which a catheter is passed into a vein or an artery and is guided into the heart.

A

cardiac catherization

54
Q

An event in which the heart abruptly stops beating or develops an arrhythmia that prevents it from pumping blood effectively.

A

cardiac arrest

55
Q

A medication that reduces the workload of the heart by slowing the rate of the heartbeat.

A

beta blocker

56
Q

Electronic equipment that automatically samples the heart’s electrical rhythms and when necessary, externally shocks the heart to restore a normal cardiac rhythm.

A

automated external defibrillator

57
Q

When the normal rhythmic contractions of the atria are replaced by rapid, uncontrolled twitching of the muscular heart wall.

A

atrial fibrillation

58
Q

The loss of the normal rhythm of the heartbeat.

A

arrhythmia

59
Q

A condition characterized by the absence of all formed blood elements caused by the failure of blood cell production in the bone marrow.

A

aplastic anemia

60
Q

A condition of episodes of severe chest pain due to inadequate blood flow to the myocardium.

A

angina

61
Q

A lower-than-normal number of erythrocytes in the blood.

A

anemia

62
Q

Blocks the action of the enzyme that causes the blood vessels to contract, resulting in hypertension.

A

ACE inhibitor

Med term (19 decks)

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