chapter 10 Flashcards
concussion
A violent shaking up or jarring of the brain that may result in a temporary loss of awareness and function.
anesthetist
A medical professional who specializes in administering anesthesia but is not a physician.
epidural anesthesia
Regional anesthesia produced by injecting a local anesthetic into the epidural space of the lumbar or sacral region of the spine
Inflammation of the spinal cord; also inflammation of bone marrow.
myelitis
A condition in which excess cerebrospinal fluid accumulates in the ventricles of the brain
hydrocephalus
hyperesthesia
A condition of abnormal and excessive sensitivity to touch, pain, or other sensory stimuli.
myelitis
Inflammation of the spinal cord; also inflammation of bone marrow.
An acute condition of confusion, disorientation, disordered thinking and memory, agitation, and hallucinations
delirium
hemorrhagic stroke
Occurs when a blood vessel in the brain leaks or ruptures; also known as a bleed.
hydrocephalus
A condition in which excess cerebrospinal fluid accumulates in the ventricles of the brain
anorexia nervosa
A false perception of body appearance which leads to an intense fear of gaining weight and inability to maintain a healthy body weight.
ischemic stroke
A type of stroke that occurs when the flow of blood to the brain is blocked by the narrowing or blockage of a carotid artery
A chronic, degenerative central nervous system disorder characterized by fine muscle tremors, rigidity, and a slow or shuffling gait caused by inadequate levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine in the brain
parkinson’s disease
shaken baby syndrome
The results when a child has been violently shaken by someone
factitious disorder
A condition in which a person acts as if he or she has a physical or mental illness when he or she is not really sick.
syncope
The brief loss of consciousness caused by the decreased flow of blood to the brain; also known as fainting
claustrophobia
An abnormal fear of being in small or enclosed spaces.
reye’s syndrome
A potentially serious or deadly disorder in children that is characterized by vomiting and confusion
Occurs when a blood vessel in the brain leaks or ruptures; also known as a bleed.
hemorrhagic stroke
meningocele
The congenital herniation of the meninges that surround the brain or spinal cord through a defect in the skull or spinal column
A violent shaking up or jarring of the brain that may result in a temporary loss of awareness and function.
concussion
A progressive autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation that causes demyelination of the myelin sheath, resulting in scarring of the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves.
multiple sclerosis
Temporary paralysis of the seventh cranial nerve that causes paralysis only on the affected side of the face.
bell’s palsy
obsessive compulsive disorder
An anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent thoughts or impulses that are repetitive, intrusive, and distressing.
A slowly progressive decline in mental abilities–including memory, thinking, and judgment–that is often accompanied by personality changes
dementia
Damage to the brain that occurs when the blood flow to the brain is disrupted; also known as a stroke
cerebrovascular accident
A burning or prickling sensation that is usually felt in the hands, arms, legs, or feet, but can also occur in other parts of the body
paresthesia
Bruising of brain tissue as a result of a head injury that causes the brain to bounce against the rigid bone of the skull.
cerebral contusion
Alzheimer’s disease
A group of disorders involving the parts of the brain that control thought, memory, and language
cerebrovascular accident
Damage to the brain that occurs when the blood flow to the brain is disrupted; also known as a stroke
autism
A subgroup of autistic spectrum disorders. Children with autism have significant developmental delays, including speech and language, with most having very minimal verbal skills and lacking normal social relationships.
bell’s palsy
Temporary paralysis of the seventh cranial nerve that causes paralysis only on the affected side of the face.
dyslexia
A learning disability characterized by substandard reading achievement due to the inability of the brain to process symbols; also known as a developmental reading disorder.
A learning disability characterized by substandard reading achievement due to the inability of the brain to process symbols; also known as a developmental reading disorder.
dyslexia
narcolepsy
A sleep disorder consisting of sudden and uncontrollable brief episodes of falling asleep during the day
A sleep disorder consisting of sudden and uncontrollable brief episodes of falling asleep during the day
narcolepsy
A rapidly progressive neurological disease that attacks the nerve cells responsible for controlling voluntary muscles, resulting in complete paralysis and death; also known as Lou Gehrig’s disease.
amyotrphic lateral disorder
lethargy
A lowered level of consciousness marked by listlessness, drowsiness, and apathy
anesthetic
Medication used to induce anesthesia.
panic attack
An unexpected, sudden experience of fear in the absence of danger, accompanied by physical symptoms such as heart palpitations, shortness of breath, chest tightness, dizziness, sweating, nausea, feelings of unreality, and/or choking sensations
A condition in which a person acts as if he or she has a physical or mental illness when he or she is not really sick.
factitious disorder
A disorder of the peripheral nerves that carry information to and from the brain and spinal cord, producing pain, the loss of sensation, and the inability to control muscles
peripheral neuropathy
carotid ultrasonography
An ultrasound study of the carotid artery to detect plaque buildup in the artery to predict or diagnose an ischemic stroke.
coma
A deep state of unconsciousness marked by the absence of spontaneous eye movement, no response to painful stimuli, and the lack of speech.
A radiographic study of the spinal cord after the injection of a contrast medium through a lumbar puncture
myelography
The mental activities associated with thinking, learning, and memory
cognition
delusion
A false personal belief that is maintained despite obvious proof or evidence to the contrary
A group of disorders involving the parts of the brain that control thought, memory, and language
Alzheimer’s disease
A medical professional who specializes in administering anesthesia but is not a physician.
anesthetist
A psychotic disorder usually characterized by withdrawal from reality, illogical patterns of thinking, delusions and hallucinations, and accompanied in varying degrees by other emotional, behavioral, or intellectual disturbances.
schizophrenia
A sleep disorder consisting of sudden and uncontrollable brief episodes of falling asleep during the day
neurotransmitters
A type of stroke that occurs when the flow of blood to the brain is blocked by the narrowing or blockage of a carotid artery
ischemic stroke
causalgia
Persistent, severe burning pain that usually follows an injury to a sensory nerve.
post traumatic stress disorder
A disorder that may develop after an event involving actual or threatened death or injury to the individual or someone else, during which the person felt intense fear, helplessness, or horror with symptoms including emotional numbing, hyperarousal, anxiety, sleep disorders, and persistent reliving of the event.
An ultrasound study of the carotid artery to detect plaque buildup in the artery to predict or diagnose an ischemic stroke.
carotid ultrasonography
An abnormal fear of being in small or enclosed spaces.
claustrophobia
dura mater
The thick, tough, outermost membrane of the meninges.
cerebral contusion
Bruising of brain tissue as a result of a head injury that causes the brain to bounce against the rigid bone of the skull.
migraine headache
A headache that is characterized by throbbing pain on one side of the head and is sometimes accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light or sound
sciatica
Inflammation of the sciatic nerve.
echoencephalography
The use of ultrasound imaging to create a detailed visual image of the brain for diagnostic purposes
A condition characterized by poor muscle control, spasticity, speech defects, and other neurologic deficiencies
cerebral palsy
dementia
A slowly progressive decline in mental abilities–including memory, thinking, and judgment–that is often accompanied by personality changes
A sensory perception (sight, touch, sound, smell, or taste) experienced in the absence of an external stimulation
hallucination
A subgroup of autistic spectrum disorders. Children with autism have significant developmental delays, including speech and language, with most having very minimal verbal skills and lacking normal social relationships.
autism
A condition of abnormal and excessive sensitivity to touch, pain, or other sensory stimuli.
hyperesthesia
The congenital herniation of the meninges that surround the brain or spinal cord through a defect in the skull or spinal column
meningocele
cognition
The mental activities associated with thinking, learning, and memory
A disorder that may develop after an event involving actual or threatened death or injury to the individual or someone else, during which the person felt intense fear, helplessness, or horror with symptoms including emotional numbing, hyperarousal, anxiety, sleep disorders, and persistent reliving of the event.
post traumatic stress disorder
Persistent, severe burning pain that usually follows an injury to a sensory nerve.
causalgia
meningitis
Inflammation of the meninges of the brain or spinal cord
A sudden surge of electrical activity in the brain that affects how a person feels or acts for a short time
seizure
encephalitis
Inflammation of the brain
myelography
A radiographic study of the spinal cord after the injection of a contrast medium through a lumbar puncture
cranial hematoma
A collection of blood trapped in the tissues of the brain.
Medication used to induce anesthesia.
anesthetic
cerebral palsy
A condition characterized by poor muscle control, spasticity, speech defects, and other neurologic deficiencies
cervical radiculopathy
Nerve pain caused by pressure on the spinal nerve roots in the neck region
guillian barre syndrome
Inflammation of the myelin sheath of peripheral nerves, characterized by rapidly worsening muscle weakness that may lead to temporary paralysis; also known as infectious polyneuritis.
An excessive fear of heights
acrophobia
The thick, tough, outermost membrane of the meninges.
dura mater
Nerve pain caused by pressure on the spinal nerve roots in the neck region
cervical radiculopathy
An anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent thoughts or impulses that are repetitive, intrusive, and distressing.
obsessive compulsive disorder
parkinson’s disease
A chronic, degenerative central nervous system disorder characterized by fine muscle tremors, rigidity, and a slow or shuffling gait caused by inadequate levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine in the brain
delirium
An acute condition of confusion, disorientation, disordered thinking and memory, agitation, and hallucinations
A condition characterized by severe lightning-like pain due to an inflammation of the fifth cranial nerve
trigeminal neuralgia
A deep state of unconsciousness marked by the absence of spontaneous eye movement, no response to painful stimuli, and the lack of speech.
coma
Inflammation of the brain
encephalitis
A headache that is characterized by throbbing pain on one side of the head and is sometimes accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light or sound
migraine headache
A false perception of body appearance which leads to an intense fear of gaining weight and inability to maintain a healthy body weight.
anorexia nervosa
epilepsy
A chronic neurological condition characterized by recurrent episodes of seizures of varying severities.
The use of ultrasound imaging to create a detailed visual image of the brain for diagnostic purposes
echoencephalography
The brief loss of consciousness caused by the decreased flow of blood to the brain; also known as fainting
syncope
peripheral neuropathy
A disorder of the peripheral nerves that carry information to and from the brain and spinal cord, producing pain, the loss of sensation, and the inability to control muscles
A collection of blood trapped in the tissues of the brain.
cranial hematoma
delirium tremens
A disorder involving sudden and severe mental changes or seizures caused by abruptly stopping the use of alcohol.
An unexpected, sudden experience of fear in the absence of danger, accompanied by physical symptoms such as heart palpitations, shortness of breath, chest tightness, dizziness, sweating, nausea, feelings of unreality, and/or choking sensations
panic attack
A potentially serious or deadly disorder in children that is characterized by vomiting and confusion
reye’s syndrome
A disorder involving sudden and severe mental changes or seizures caused by abruptly stopping the use of alcohol.
delirium tremens
Inflammation of the meninges of the brain or spinal cord
meningitis
Inflammation of the sciatic nerve.
sciatica
multiple sclerosis
A progressive autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation that causes demyelination of the myelin sheath, resulting in scarring of the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves.
acrophobia
An excessive fear of heights
Inflammation of the myelin sheath of peripheral nerves, characterized by rapidly worsening muscle weakness that may lead to temporary paralysis; also known as infectious polyneuritis.
guillian barre syndrome
A lowered level of consciousness marked by listlessness, drowsiness, and apathy
lethargy
seizure
A sudden surge of electrical activity in the brain that affects how a person feels or acts for a short time
The results when a child has been violently shaken by someone
shaken baby syndrome
paresthesia
A burning or prickling sensation that is usually felt in the hands, arms, legs, or feet, but can also occur in other parts of the body
A chronic neurological condition characterized by recurrent episodes of seizures of varying severities.
epilepsy
amyotrphic lateral disorder
A rapidly progressive neurological disease that attacks the nerve cells responsible for controlling voluntary muscles, resulting in complete paralysis and death; also known as Lou Gehrig’s disease.
A false personal belief that is maintained despite obvious proof or evidence to the contrary
delusion
neurotransmitters
A sleep disorder consisting of sudden and uncontrollable brief episodes of falling asleep during the day
Regional anesthesia produced by injecting a local anesthetic into the epidural space of the lumbar or sacral region of the spine
epidural anesthesia
schizophrenia
A psychotic disorder usually characterized by withdrawal from reality, illogical patterns of thinking, delusions and hallucinations, and accompanied in varying degrees by other emotional, behavioral, or intellectual disturbances.
trigeminal neuralgia
A condition characterized by severe lightning-like pain due to an inflammation of the fifth cranial nerve
hallucination
A sensory perception (sight, touch, sound, smell, or taste) experienced in the absence of an external stimulation
