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Med term > chapter 10 > Flashcards

chapter 10 Flashcards

1
Q

concussion

A

A violent shaking up or jarring of the brain that may result in a temporary loss of awareness and function.

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2
Q

anesthetist

A

A medical professional who specializes in administering anesthesia but is not a physician.

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3
Q

epidural anesthesia

A

Regional anesthesia produced by injecting a local anesthetic into the epidural space of the lumbar or sacral region of the spine

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4
Q

Inflammation of the spinal cord; also inflammation of bone marrow.

A

myelitis

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5
Q

A condition in which excess cerebrospinal fluid accumulates in the ventricles of the brain

A

hydrocephalus

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6
Q

hyperesthesia

A

A condition of abnormal and excessive sensitivity to touch, pain, or other sensory stimuli.

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7
Q

myelitis

A

Inflammation of the spinal cord; also inflammation of bone marrow.

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8
Q

An acute condition of confusion, disorientation, disordered thinking and memory, agitation, and hallucinations

A

delirium

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9
Q

hemorrhagic stroke

A

Occurs when a blood vessel in the brain leaks or ruptures; also known as a bleed.

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10
Q

hydrocephalus

A

A condition in which excess cerebrospinal fluid accumulates in the ventricles of the brain

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11
Q

anorexia nervosa

A

A false perception of body appearance which leads to an intense fear of gaining weight and inability to maintain a healthy body weight.

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12
Q

ischemic stroke

A

A type of stroke that occurs when the flow of blood to the brain is blocked by the narrowing or blockage of a carotid artery

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13
Q

A chronic, degenerative central nervous system disorder characterized by fine muscle tremors, rigidity, and a slow or shuffling gait caused by inadequate levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine in the brain

A

parkinson’s disease

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14
Q

shaken baby syndrome

A

The results when a child has been violently shaken by someone

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15
Q

factitious disorder

A

A condition in which a person acts as if he or she has a physical or mental illness when he or she is not really sick.

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16
Q

syncope

A

The brief loss of consciousness caused by the decreased flow of blood to the brain; also known as fainting

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17
Q

claustrophobia

A

An abnormal fear of being in small or enclosed spaces.

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18
Q

reye’s syndrome

A

A potentially serious or deadly disorder in children that is characterized by vomiting and confusion

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19
Q

Occurs when a blood vessel in the brain leaks or ruptures; also known as a bleed.

A

hemorrhagic stroke

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20
Q

meningocele

A

The congenital herniation of the meninges that surround the brain or spinal cord through a defect in the skull or spinal column

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21
Q

A violent shaking up or jarring of the brain that may result in a temporary loss of awareness and function.

A

concussion

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22
Q

A progressive autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation that causes demyelination of the myelin sheath, resulting in scarring of the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves.

A

multiple sclerosis

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23
Q

Temporary paralysis of the seventh cranial nerve that causes paralysis only on the affected side of the face.

A

bell’s palsy

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24
Q

obsessive compulsive disorder

A

An anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent thoughts or impulses that are repetitive, intrusive, and distressing.

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25
Q

A slowly progressive decline in mental abilities–including memory, thinking, and judgment–that is often accompanied by personality changes

A

dementia

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26
Q

Damage to the brain that occurs when the blood flow to the brain is disrupted; also known as a stroke

A

cerebrovascular accident

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27
Q

A burning or prickling sensation that is usually felt in the hands, arms, legs, or feet, but can also occur in other parts of the body

A

paresthesia

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28
Q

Bruising of brain tissue as a result of a head injury that causes the brain to bounce against the rigid bone of the skull.

A

cerebral contusion

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29
Q

Alzheimer’s disease

A

A group of disorders involving the parts of the brain that control thought, memory, and language

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30
Q

cerebrovascular accident

A

Damage to the brain that occurs when the blood flow to the brain is disrupted; also known as a stroke

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31
Q

autism

A

A subgroup of autistic spectrum disorders. Children with autism have significant developmental delays, including speech and language, with most having very minimal verbal skills and lacking normal social relationships.

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32
Q

bell’s palsy

A

Temporary paralysis of the seventh cranial nerve that causes paralysis only on the affected side of the face.

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33
Q

dyslexia

A

A learning disability characterized by substandard reading achievement due to the inability of the brain to process symbols; also known as a developmental reading disorder.

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34
Q

A learning disability characterized by substandard reading achievement due to the inability of the brain to process symbols; also known as a developmental reading disorder.

A

dyslexia

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35
Q

narcolepsy

A

A sleep disorder consisting of sudden and uncontrollable brief episodes of falling asleep during the day

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36
Q

A sleep disorder consisting of sudden and uncontrollable brief episodes of falling asleep during the day

A

narcolepsy

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37
Q

A rapidly progressive neurological disease that attacks the nerve cells responsible for controlling voluntary muscles, resulting in complete paralysis and death; also known as Lou Gehrig’s disease.

A

amyotrphic lateral disorder

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38
Q

lethargy

A

A lowered level of consciousness marked by listlessness, drowsiness, and apathy

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39
Q

anesthetic

A

Medication used to induce anesthesia.

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40
Q

panic attack

A

An unexpected, sudden experience of fear in the absence of danger, accompanied by physical symptoms such as heart palpitations, shortness of breath, chest tightness, dizziness, sweating, nausea, feelings of unreality, and/or choking sensations

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41
Q

A condition in which a person acts as if he or she has a physical or mental illness when he or she is not really sick.

A

factitious disorder

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42
Q

A disorder of the peripheral nerves that carry information to and from the brain and spinal cord, producing pain, the loss of sensation, and the inability to control muscles

A

peripheral neuropathy

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43
Q

carotid ultrasonography

A

An ultrasound study of the carotid artery to detect plaque buildup in the artery to predict or diagnose an ischemic stroke.

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44
Q

coma

A

A deep state of unconsciousness marked by the absence of spontaneous eye movement, no response to painful stimuli, and the lack of speech.

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45
Q

A radiographic study of the spinal cord after the injection of a contrast medium through a lumbar puncture

A

myelography

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46
Q

The mental activities associated with thinking, learning, and memory

A

cognition

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47
Q

delusion

A

A false personal belief that is maintained despite obvious proof or evidence to the contrary

48
Q

A group of disorders involving the parts of the brain that control thought, memory, and language

A

Alzheimer’s disease

49
Q

A medical professional who specializes in administering anesthesia but is not a physician.

A

anesthetist

50
Q

A psychotic disorder usually characterized by withdrawal from reality, illogical patterns of thinking, delusions and hallucinations, and accompanied in varying degrees by other emotional, behavioral, or intellectual disturbances.

A

schizophrenia

51
Q

A sleep disorder consisting of sudden and uncontrollable brief episodes of falling asleep during the day

A

neurotransmitters

52
Q

A type of stroke that occurs when the flow of blood to the brain is blocked by the narrowing or blockage of a carotid artery

A

ischemic stroke

53
Q

causalgia

A

Persistent, severe burning pain that usually follows an injury to a sensory nerve.

54
Q

post traumatic stress disorder

A

A disorder that may develop after an event involving actual or threatened death or injury to the individual or someone else, during which the person felt intense fear, helplessness, or horror with symptoms including emotional numbing, hyperarousal, anxiety, sleep disorders, and persistent reliving of the event.

55
Q

An ultrasound study of the carotid artery to detect plaque buildup in the artery to predict or diagnose an ischemic stroke.

A

carotid ultrasonography

56
Q

An abnormal fear of being in small or enclosed spaces.

A

claustrophobia

57
Q

dura mater

A

The thick, tough, outermost membrane of the meninges.

58
Q

cerebral contusion

A

Bruising of brain tissue as a result of a head injury that causes the brain to bounce against the rigid bone of the skull.

59
Q

migraine headache

A

A headache that is characterized by throbbing pain on one side of the head and is sometimes accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light or sound

60
Q

sciatica

A

Inflammation of the sciatic nerve.

61
Q

echoencephalography

A

The use of ultrasound imaging to create a detailed visual image of the brain for diagnostic purposes

62
Q

A condition characterized by poor muscle control, spasticity, speech defects, and other neurologic deficiencies

A

cerebral palsy

63
Q

dementia

A

A slowly progressive decline in mental abilities–including memory, thinking, and judgment–that is often accompanied by personality changes

64
Q

A sensory perception (sight, touch, sound, smell, or taste) experienced in the absence of an external stimulation

A

hallucination

65
Q

A subgroup of autistic spectrum disorders. Children with autism have significant developmental delays, including speech and language, with most having very minimal verbal skills and lacking normal social relationships.

A

autism

66
Q

A condition of abnormal and excessive sensitivity to touch, pain, or other sensory stimuli.

A

hyperesthesia

67
Q

The congenital herniation of the meninges that surround the brain or spinal cord through a defect in the skull or spinal column

A

meningocele

68
Q

cognition

A

The mental activities associated with thinking, learning, and memory

69
Q

A disorder that may develop after an event involving actual or threatened death or injury to the individual or someone else, during which the person felt intense fear, helplessness, or horror with symptoms including emotional numbing, hyperarousal, anxiety, sleep disorders, and persistent reliving of the event.

A

post traumatic stress disorder

70
Q

Persistent, severe burning pain that usually follows an injury to a sensory nerve.

A

causalgia

71
Q

meningitis

A

Inflammation of the meninges of the brain or spinal cord

72
Q

A sudden surge of electrical activity in the brain that affects how a person feels or acts for a short time

A

seizure

73
Q

encephalitis

A

Inflammation of the brain

74
Q

myelography

A

A radiographic study of the spinal cord after the injection of a contrast medium through a lumbar puncture

75
Q

cranial hematoma

A

A collection of blood trapped in the tissues of the brain.

76
Q

Medication used to induce anesthesia.

A

anesthetic

77
Q

cerebral palsy

A

A condition characterized by poor muscle control, spasticity, speech defects, and other neurologic deficiencies

78
Q

cervical radiculopathy

A

Nerve pain caused by pressure on the spinal nerve roots in the neck region

79
Q

guillian barre syndrome

A

Inflammation of the myelin sheath of peripheral nerves, characterized by rapidly worsening muscle weakness that may lead to temporary paralysis; also known as infectious polyneuritis.

80
Q

An excessive fear of heights

A

acrophobia

81
Q

The thick, tough, outermost membrane of the meninges.

A

dura mater

82
Q

Nerve pain caused by pressure on the spinal nerve roots in the neck region

A

cervical radiculopathy

83
Q

An anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent thoughts or impulses that are repetitive, intrusive, and distressing.

A

obsessive compulsive disorder

84
Q

parkinson’s disease

A

A chronic, degenerative central nervous system disorder characterized by fine muscle tremors, rigidity, and a slow or shuffling gait caused by inadequate levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine in the brain

85
Q

delirium

A

An acute condition of confusion, disorientation, disordered thinking and memory, agitation, and hallucinations

86
Q

A condition characterized by severe lightning-like pain due to an inflammation of the fifth cranial nerve

A

trigeminal neuralgia

87
Q

A deep state of unconsciousness marked by the absence of spontaneous eye movement, no response to painful stimuli, and the lack of speech.

A

coma

88
Q

Inflammation of the brain

A

encephalitis

89
Q

A headache that is characterized by throbbing pain on one side of the head and is sometimes accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light or sound

A

migraine headache

90
Q

A false perception of body appearance which leads to an intense fear of gaining weight and inability to maintain a healthy body weight.

A

anorexia nervosa

91
Q

epilepsy

A

A chronic neurological condition characterized by recurrent episodes of seizures of varying severities.

92
Q

The use of ultrasound imaging to create a detailed visual image of the brain for diagnostic purposes

A

echoencephalography

93
Q

The brief loss of consciousness caused by the decreased flow of blood to the brain; also known as fainting

A

syncope

94
Q

peripheral neuropathy

A

A disorder of the peripheral nerves that carry information to and from the brain and spinal cord, producing pain, the loss of sensation, and the inability to control muscles

95
Q

A collection of blood trapped in the tissues of the brain.

A

cranial hematoma

96
Q

delirium tremens

A

A disorder involving sudden and severe mental changes or seizures caused by abruptly stopping the use of alcohol.

97
Q

An unexpected, sudden experience of fear in the absence of danger, accompanied by physical symptoms such as heart palpitations, shortness of breath, chest tightness, dizziness, sweating, nausea, feelings of unreality, and/or choking sensations

A

panic attack

98
Q

A potentially serious or deadly disorder in children that is characterized by vomiting and confusion

A

reye’s syndrome

99
Q

A disorder involving sudden and severe mental changes or seizures caused by abruptly stopping the use of alcohol.

A

delirium tremens

100
Q

Inflammation of the meninges of the brain or spinal cord

A

meningitis

101
Q

Inflammation of the sciatic nerve.

A

sciatica

102
Q

multiple sclerosis

A

A progressive autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation that causes demyelination of the myelin sheath, resulting in scarring of the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves.

103
Q

acrophobia

A

An excessive fear of heights

104
Q

Inflammation of the myelin sheath of peripheral nerves, characterized by rapidly worsening muscle weakness that may lead to temporary paralysis; also known as infectious polyneuritis.

A

guillian barre syndrome

105
Q

A lowered level of consciousness marked by listlessness, drowsiness, and apathy

A

lethargy

106
Q

seizure

A

A sudden surge of electrical activity in the brain that affects how a person feels or acts for a short time

107
Q

The results when a child has been violently shaken by someone

A

shaken baby syndrome

108
Q

paresthesia

A

A burning or prickling sensation that is usually felt in the hands, arms, legs, or feet, but can also occur in other parts of the body

109
Q

A chronic neurological condition characterized by recurrent episodes of seizures of varying severities.

A

epilepsy

110
Q

amyotrphic lateral disorder

A

A rapidly progressive neurological disease that attacks the nerve cells responsible for controlling voluntary muscles, resulting in complete paralysis and death; also known as Lou Gehrig’s disease.

111
Q

A false personal belief that is maintained despite obvious proof or evidence to the contrary

A

delusion

112
Q

neurotransmitters

A

A sleep disorder consisting of sudden and uncontrollable brief episodes of falling asleep during the day

113
Q

Regional anesthesia produced by injecting a local anesthetic into the epidural space of the lumbar or sacral region of the spine

A

epidural anesthesia

114
Q

schizophrenia

A

A psychotic disorder usually characterized by withdrawal from reality, illogical patterns of thinking, delusions and hallucinations, and accompanied in varying degrees by other emotional, behavioral, or intellectual disturbances.

115
Q

trigeminal neuralgia

A

A condition characterized by severe lightning-like pain due to an inflammation of the fifth cranial nerve

116
Q

hallucination

A

A sensory perception (sight, touch, sound, smell, or taste) experienced in the absence of an external stimulation

Med term (19 decks)

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