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Med term > chapter 4 > Flashcards

chapter 4 Flashcards

1
Q

dorsiflexion

A

Movement that bends the foot upward at the ankle.

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2
Q

The lack of muscle coordination during voluntary movement.

A

ataxia

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3
Q

tenorrhaphy

A

The surgical suturing together of the divided ends of a tendon

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4
Q

The loss of sensation and voluntary muscle movements in a muscle through disease or injury to its nerve supply

A

paralysis

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5
Q

A band of fibrous tissue that holds structures together abnormally.

A

adhesion

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6
Q

A specialized soft-tissue manipulation technique used to ease the pain of conditions such as fibromyalgia, myofascial pain syndrome, movement restrictions, temporomandibular joint disorders, and carpal tunnel syndrome.

A

myofascial release

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7
Q

A ring-like muscle that tightly constricts the opening of a passageway

A

sphincter

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8
Q

sarcopenia

A

The loss of muscle mass, strength, and function that come with aging.

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9
Q

The protrusion of a part of a structure through the tissues normally containing it

A

hernia

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10
Q

myoparesis

A

Weakness or slight muscular paralysis

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11
Q

Inflammation and swelling of the tendons that pass through the carpal tunnel, which then create pressure on the median nerve

A

carpal tunnel syndrome

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12
Q

The act of rotating the arm or the leg so the palm of the hand or the sole of the foot is turned downward or backward.

A

pronation

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13
Q

hyperkinesia

A

Abnormally increased motor function or activity

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14
Q

Slight paralysis or weakness affecting one side of the body

A

hemiparesis

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15
Q

oblique

A

Slanted or at an angle

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16
Q

myocele

A

The herniation of muscle substance through a tear in the fascia surrounding it.

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17
Q

Paralysis of all four extremities.

A

quadriplegia

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18
Q

tenosynovitis

A

An inflammation of the sheath surrounding a tendon

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19
Q

A surgical incision into a tendon

A

tenotomy

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20
Q

A condition of abnormal muscle tone that causes the impairment of voluntary muscle movement.

A

dystonia

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21
Q

An inflammation of the sheath surrounding a tendon

A

tenosynovitis

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22
Q

An injury to a joint, such as ankle, knee, or wrist, which usually occurs when a ligament is wrenched or torn.

A

sprain

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23
Q

carpal tunnel syndrome

A

Inflammation and swelling of the tendons that pass through the carpal tunnel, which then create pressure on the median nerve

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24
Q

A chronic autoimmune disease that affects the neuromuscular junction and produces serious weakness of voluntary muscles.

A

myasthenia gravis

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25
Q

shin splint

A

A painful condition caused by the tibialis anterior muscle tearing away from the tibia

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26
Q

impingement syndrome

A

Inflammed and swollen tendons are caught in the narrow space between the bones within the shoulder joint.

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27
Q

Pertaining to the relationship between a nerve and muscle

A

neuromuscular

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28
Q

myofascial release

A

A specialized soft-tissue manipulation technique used to ease the pain of conditions such as fibromyalgia, myofascial pain syndrome, movement restrictions, temporomandibular joint disorders, and carpal tunnel syndrome.

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29
Q

The loss of muscle mass, strength, and function that come with aging.

A

sarcopenia

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30
Q

intermittent claudication

A

Pain in the leg muscles that occurs during exercise and is relieved by rest.

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31
Q

origin

A

The point where the muscle begins, located nearest the midline of the body or on a less movable part of the skeleton

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32
Q

hypotonia

A

A condition of diminished tone of the skeletal muscles

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33
Q

electromyography

A

A diagnostic test that measures the electrical activity within muscle fibers in response to nerve stimulation

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34
Q

polymyositis

A

A muscle disease characterized by the simultaneous inflammation and weakening of voluntary muscles in many parts of the body

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35
Q

quadriplegia

A

Paralysis of all four extremities.

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36
Q

Movement that bends the foot upward at the ankle.

A

dorsiflexion

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37
Q

chronic fatigue syndrome

A

A debilitating and complex disorder characterized by profound fatigue that is not improved by bed rest and may be made worse by physical or mental activity

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38
Q

In a crosswise direction.

A

transverse

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39
Q

myolysis

A

The degeneration of muscle tissue

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40
Q

Inflammation of the tissues surrounding the elbow

A

epicondylitis

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41
Q

A diagnostic test that measures the electrical activity within muscle fibers in response to nerve stimulation

A

electromyography

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42
Q

atonic

A

Lacking normal muscle tone or strength

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43
Q

myoclonus

A

The herniation (protrusion) of muscle substance through a tear in the fascia surrounding it.

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44
Q

tenodesis

A

The suturing of the end of a tendon to a bone

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45
Q

The degeneration of muscle tissue

A

myolysis

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46
Q

plantar fasciitis

A

Inflammation of the plantar fascia on the sole of the foot, causing foot or heel pain when walking or running

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47
Q

hemiparesis

A

Slight paralysis or weakness affecting one side of the body

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48
Q

neuromuscular

A

Pertaining to the relationship between a nerve and muscle

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49
Q

The point where the muscle begins, located nearest the midline of the body or on a less movable part of the skeleton

A

origin

50
Q

The permanent tightening of fascia, muscles, tendons, ligaments, or skin that occurs when normally elastic connective tissues are replaced with non-elastic fibrous tissues

A

contracture

51
Q

A calcium deposit in the plantar fascia near its attachment to the heel bone

A

heel spur

52
Q

torticollis

A

A stiff neck due to spasmodic contraction of the neck muscles that pull the head toward the affected side

53
Q

paralysis

A

The loss of sensation and voluntary muscle movements in a muscle through disease or injury to its nerve supply

54
Q

hemiplagia

A

Total paralysis affecting only one side of the body.

55
Q

tenotomy

A

A surgical incision into a tendon

56
Q

dyskinesia

A

Distortion or impairment of voluntary movement resulting in fragmented or jerky motions

57
Q

insertion

A

The point where the muscle ends by attaching to a bone or tendon.

58
Q

contracture

A

The permanent tightening of fascia, muscles, tendons, ligaments, or skin that occurs when normally elastic connective tissues are replaced with non-elastic fibrous tissues

59
Q

The herniation (protrusion) of muscle substance through a tear in the fascia surrounding it.

A

myoclonus

60
Q

ataxia

A

The lack of muscle coordination during voluntary movement.

61
Q

Pain in the leg muscles that occurs during exercise and is relieved by rest.

A

intermittent claudication

62
Q

sphincter

A

A ring-like muscle that tightly constricts the opening of a passageway

63
Q

ergonomics

A

The study of human factors that affect the design and operation of tools and the work environment

64
Q

pronation

A

The act of rotating the arm or the leg so the palm of the hand or the sole of the foot is turned downward or backward.

65
Q

bradykinesia

A

Extreme slowness in movement

66
Q

fasciitis

A

Inflammation of a fascia.

67
Q

The study of human factors that affect the design and operation of tools and the work environment

A

ergonomics

68
Q

The point where the muscle ends by attaching to a bone or tendon.

A

insertion

69
Q

heel spur

A

A calcium deposit in the plantar fascia near its attachment to the heel bone

70
Q

circumduction

A

The circular movement at the far end of a limb.

71
Q

Inflammation of a fascia.

A

fasciitis

72
Q

sprain

A

An injury to a joint, such as ankle, knee, or wrist, which usually occurs when a ligament is wrenched or torn.

73
Q

abduction

A

Movement of a limb away from the midline of the body.

74
Q

muscular dystrophy

A

A group of more than 30 genetic diseases that are characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of the skeletal muscles that control movement, without affecting the nervous system

75
Q

Weakness or wearing away of body tissues and structures

A

atrophy

76
Q

exercise physiologist

A

A specialist who works under a physician’s supervision to develop, implement, and coordinate exercise programs, and administer medical tests to promote physical fitness

77
Q

myasthenia gravis

A

A chronic autoimmune disease that affects the neuromuscular junction and produces serious weakness of voluntary muscles.

78
Q

paraplegia

A

Paralysis of both legs and the lower part of the body.

79
Q

A debilitating chronic condition characterized by fatigue; diffuse or specific muscle, joint, or bone pain; and a wide range of other symptoms

A

fibromyalgia

80
Q

A debilitating and complex disorder characterized by profound fatigue that is not improved by bed rest and may be made worse by physical or mental activity

A

chronic fatigue syndrome

81
Q

Weakness or slight muscular paralysis

A

myoparesis

82
Q

dystonia

A

A condition of abnormal muscle tone that causes the impairment of voluntary muscle movement.

83
Q

The suturing of the end of a tendon to a bone

A

tenodesis

84
Q

Myoclonus of the diaphragm that causes the characteristic hiccup sound with each spasm

A

singultus

85
Q

Slanted or at an angle

A

oblique

86
Q

fibromyalgia

A

A debilitating chronic condition characterized by fatigue; diffuse or specific muscle, joint, or bone pain; and a wide range of other symptoms

87
Q

Total paralysis affecting only one side of the body.

A

hemiplagia

88
Q

ganglioncyst

A

A harmless fluid-filled swelling that occurs most commonly on the outer surface of the wrist

89
Q

The surgical suturing together of the divided ends of a tendon

A

tenorrhaphy

90
Q

epicondylitis

A

Inflammation of the tissues surrounding the elbow

91
Q

A harmless fluid-filled swelling that occurs most commonly on the outer surface of the wrist

A

ganglioncyst

92
Q

adhesion

A

A band of fibrous tissue that holds structures together abnormally.

93
Q

Movement of a limb toward the midline of the body.

A

adduction

94
Q

Paralysis of both legs and the lower part of the body.

A

paraplegia

95
Q

adduction

A

Movement of a limb toward the midline of the body.

96
Q

Inflammation of the plantar fascia on the sole of the foot, causing foot or heel pain when walking or running

A

plantar fasciitis

97
Q

Abnormally increased motor function or activity

A

hyperkinesia

98
Q

physiatrist

A

A physician who specializes in physical medicine and rehabilitation with the focus on restoring function.

99
Q

transverse

A

In a crosswise direction.

100
Q

A condition of diminished tone of the skeletal muscles

A

hypotonia

101
Q

The release of a tendon from adhesions

A

tenolysis

102
Q

A stiff neck due to spasmodic contraction of the neck muscles that pull the head toward the affected side

A

torticollis

103
Q

Inflammed and swollen tendons are caught in the narrow space between the bones within the shoulder joint.

A

impingement syndrome

104
Q

Surgical suturing of a muscle

A

myorrhaphy

105
Q

tenolysis

A

The release of a tendon from adhesions

106
Q

Distortion or impairment of voluntary movement resulting in fragmented or jerky motions

A

dyskinesia

107
Q

A group of more than 30 genetic diseases that are characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of the skeletal muscles that control movement, without affecting the nervous system

A

muscular dystrophy

108
Q

atrophy

A

Weakness or wearing away of body tissues and structures

109
Q

Extreme slowness in movement

A

bradykinesia

110
Q

The circular movement at the far end of a limb.

A

circumduction

111
Q

Movement of a limb away from the midline of the body.

A

abduction

112
Q

hernia

A

The protrusion of a part of a structure through the tissues normally containing it

113
Q

myorrhaphy

A

Surgical suturing of a muscle

114
Q

A muscle disease characterized by the simultaneous inflammation and weakening of voluntary muscles in many parts of the body

A

polymyositis

115
Q

A painful condition caused by the tibialis anterior muscle tearing away from the tibia

A

shin splint

116
Q

A physician who specializes in physical medicine and rehabilitation with the focus on restoring function.

A

physiatrist

117
Q

singultus

A

Myoclonus of the diaphragm that causes the characteristic hiccup sound with each spasm

118
Q

A specialist who works under a physician’s supervision to develop, implement, and coordinate exercise programs, and administer medical tests to promote physical fitness

A

exercise physiologist

119
Q

Lacking normal muscle tone or strength

A

atonic

120
Q

The herniation of muscle substance through a tear in the fascia surrounding it.

A

myocele

Med term (19 decks)

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