Chapter 7: 2.1 - Metabolic and Tubular Disorder

Question 1

a general term indicating a severe condition that decreases the flow of blood throughout the body

Answer 1

Shock

Question 2

Examples of shock (5)

Answer 2

• cardiac failures
• sepsis involving toxogenic bacteria
• anaphylaxis
• massive hemorrhage
• contact with high-voltage electricity

Question 3

-refers to damage to the renal tubular epithelial cells which can be caused by ischemia or the prescence of nephrotoxic agents in the urinary filtrate

Answer 3

Acute Tubular Necrosis

Question 4

• refers to the generalized failure of tubular reabsorption in the PCT
• inherited assoc. w/ cystinosis and Hartnup’s

Answer 4

Fanconi’s Syndrome

Question 5

-a rare disorder caused by the disrupted action of ADH either by the (2)
1.) inability of the renal tubules to respond _____
2.) Failure of the hypothalamus to produce ADH____
causing excessive amounts of excreted urine

Answer 5

Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidous

• Nephrogenic DI
• Neurogenic DI

Question 6

• failure to reabsorb glucose
• inherited autosmal recessive
• increased urine glucose; normal blood glucose

Answer 6

Renal Glycosuria

Question 7

Causes:

1. Number of glucose transporters in the tubules is decreased
2. Affinity of the transporters for glucose is decreased

Answer 7

Renal Glycosuria

Question 8

• a group of primary or secondary disorders characterized by the impaired ability to:
  1. secrete hydrogen ions in the distal tubule
  2. reabsorb bicarbonate ions in the proximal tubule
• causes chronic metabolic acidosis

Answer 8

Renal Tubular acidosis

Question 9

causes potassium depletion and wasting, muscle weakness that can lead to paralysis, calcium loss in bone, elevated urine calcium loss, kidney stones, renal failure

Answer 9

Renal Tubular Acidosis