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Urinalysis > Chapter 7: 1.3 - Glomerular Disorder > Flashcards

Chapter 7: 1.3 - Glomerular Disorder Flashcards

1
Q

Glumerolonephritis- a sterile inflammatory process associated with findings of:

A 
blood
protein 
casts
-azotemia
-edema
-hypertension
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2
Q
  • characterized by sudden onset of symptoms.
  • starts with bacterial infection (Streptococcus pyogenes)
  • immunologic, autoimune
A

Acute postretococcal glomerulonephritis

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3
Q
  • more serious form of glomerular disease
  • poorer prognosis
  • initiated by deposition of immune complexes (immune systemic disorder ex: SLE, history of cancer)
  • more common in adults aged 40-60
A

Rapidly Progressive (Crescentic) Glomerulonephritis

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4
Q

-caused by:
-cytotoxic antibody:
after viral, respiratory infection and alveolar basement membranes

A

Goodpasture’s syndrome

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5
Q
  • this disease affects both kidneys and lungs; it usually involves rapidly progressive kidney failure that develops in days to weeks along with lung disease
  • some forms involve just the lung or the kidney, not both.
A

Goodpasture’s syndrome

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6
Q
  • some morphologic changes with RPGN but with hemoptysis and dyspnea
A

Goodpasture’s syndrome

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7
Q

-can progress to chronic glomerulonephritis and end-stage renal failure (2)

A 
Goodpasture's syndrome
IgA Nephropathy (Berger's Disease)
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8
Q

-causes a granuloma-producing inflammation of the small blood vessesls of primarily in the kidney and respiratory system

A

Wegener’s Granulomatosis

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9
Q

-antineutorphilic cytopasmic autoantibody (ANCA) binds to neutrophils in vascular walls producing damage to small vessels in the lungs and glomerulus

A

Wegener’s Granulomatosis

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10
Q

-occurs primariy in children following viral respiratory infections

A

Henoch-Schonelin Purpura

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11
Q

-symptoms include appearnce of red patches on skin, may affect the respiratory and gastroinetsinal tract such as blood in the sputum and stools

A

Henoch-Schonlein Purpura

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12
Q

-renal involvement is the most serious complication of the disorder

A

Henoch- Schonlein Purpura

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13
Q
  • Caused by deposition of IgA on the glomerular membrane
  • results to: increased levels of serum IgA and immune complexes containing IgA
  • may be a result of mucosal infection
A

IgA Nephropathy (Berger’s Disease)

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14
Q

patient may remain asymptomatic for 20 years

A

IgA Nephropathy (Berger’s Disease)

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15
Q
  • Thicking of glomerular membrane after IgG immune complex deposition
  • assoc. w/ systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjogren syndrome, secondary syphilis, hepatitis B, Gold and mercury treaments and malignancy
A

Membranous Glomerulonephritis

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16
Q

-one of the most common causes of nephrotic syndrome

A

Membranous Glomerulonephritis

17
Q

-diesea progresses slowly with possible remission but development of nepthrotic syndrome may occur

A

Membranous Glomerulonephritis

18
Q
  • characterized by cellular proliferation affecting the capillary walls or the glomerular basement
  • possibly immune mediated and leukocyte infiltration
A

Membranoproliverative (Mesangiocapillary) Glomerulonephritis

19
Q
  • display increased cellularity in the subendothelial cells of the mesangium and is often progressive and
  • may eventually progress to neptrotic syndrome.
A

Type I

Membranoproliverative (Mesangiocapillary) Glomerulonephritis

20
Q
  • displays extremely desne deposits in glomerular membrane

- may progress to chronic glomerulonephritis

A

Type II

Membranoproliverative (Mesangiocapillary) Glomerulonephritis

21
Q
  • marked by decrease in renal function resulting from glomerular damage precipitated by other renal disorders.
  • continual or permanent damage to glomerulus
  • irreversible loss of renal tissue and chronic renal failure
A

Chronic Glomerulonephritis

22
Q
  • caused by disruption of the electrical charges of the glomerulus that produce the tightly fitting podocyte barrier
  • resulting in massive loss of protein and lipids
A

Nephrotic Syndrome

23
Q

Nephrotic Syndrome:
the primary protein depleted from the circulation which appears to stimulate the increased production of ____ by the ____

A

albumin

lipids, liver

24
Q

The lower oncotic pressure in the capillaries resulting from the depletion of plasma albumin increases the loss of fluid into the interstitial spaces, which, accompanied by sodium retention, produces ___

A

edema

25
Q

Systemic Diseases that can lead to nephrotic syndrome: (5)

A
  1. SLE
  2. Amyloidosis
  3. DM
  4. Malignant neoplasms
  5. Infections
26
Q

-not assoc. with cellular change in the glomerulus

A

Minimal Change disease

27
Q
  • occurs primarily in children (2-6)

- more often in males

A

Minimal Change disease

28
Q
  • disruption of podocytes in certain areas of glomeruli

- assoc. with heroind and analgeic abuse, AIDS

A

Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis

29
Q

-symptoms may be similar to the nephrotic syndrome and minimal change disease owing to damaged podocytes

A

Focal Segmetnal Glomerulosclerosis

30
Q
  • affects both children and adults
  • males are more affected
  • african americans are more affected
A

Focal Segmental Glomeruloscerlosis

31
Q

causes about 10-15% of all cases of nephrotic syndrome

A

Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis

32
Q
  • occurs most often in males
  • during respiratory infections
  • inherited sex-linked or autosomal genetic disorder
A

Alport Syndrome

33
Q

-most commmon cause of end-stage renal disease

A

Diabetic Nephropathy (Kimmelstiel-Wilson Disease)

34
Q
  • damage to the glomerular membrane occurs not only as a result of glomerular membrane thickening but also because of the increased proliferation of mesangial cells and increased deposition of cellular and noncellular material
  • accumulation of solid substances around the capillary tufts.
  • deposition of glycosylated proteins
  • early monitorin of DM patient for microalbuminuria is important to detect onset of diabetic nephropathy
A

Diabetic Nephropathy

Urinalysis (24 decks)

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