Chapter 7 Flashcards by Riccardo Caruso

The first factor that influences the movement of water is

The source

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There are four possible sources of water at the fire ground. What are they?

Hydrant and water systems
Static water sources
Apparatus water tank
Mobile water supply apparatus p. 213

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There are three types of hydrants what are they?

Dry barrel
Wet barrel
Dry hydrant

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a “” hydrant or frostproof hydrant is installed by the municipality when temperatures can drop below freezing, the main stem is located below the frost line and can be several free below. The hydrant once the top is open the entire barrel is charged with water.

Dry barrel hydrant

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Always stand ‘’ when charging hydrant

Behind

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a ‘’ hydrant can be used when temperatures do not drop below freezing. The barrel is always charged

Wet barrel hydrant

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a ‘’ hydrant is a large pipe with one and submerge into a static water source for the intake, the other, and rises above ground level where they discharge connection to which the hard section hose is attached. It’s like a giant straw.

Dry hydrant p. 214

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Areas with ‘’ are especially vulnerable to low pressure water supplies

Dead end mains, and small mains

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Most housefires are extinguished with ‘’

500 gallons some with less than 100

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’’ pressure is the pressure of the hydrant water at rest, that is with the hydrant open to the pump and no water flowing through the pump

Static pressure

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’’ pressure is the pressure in the hydrant with water flowing from the hydrant through the pump

Residual pressure p. 216

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Any hose connected from the hydrant into the pump is technically considered a ‘’ although the term is rarely used anymore

Suction hose

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Any hose leaving the pump under pressure through a discharge port is technically called ‘’

Supply

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Getting a supplies is understood to mean connecting to a

Water source

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At the beginning of the operation, the pump operator reads the compound gauge with the hydrant open and all discharge gates closed this is ‘’’’ with one attack line charge to the proper discharge pressure. The compound gauge is read again this is.

Static pressure
Residual pressure

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The difference between static and residual pressure is what

Gives the true measurement

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Locations of static water sources are

Lakes
Ponds
Reservoir p. 217

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pre - connects enable water to be delivered to a fire immediately which is called

Fast water

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Two main types of mobile water supply apparatus is available are called “” what is the correct term according to nimsics?

Tanker and tender ( tender is the correct term according to IMSICS) P. 218

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Depending on tank size mobile water supply apparatuses generally carry ‘’’

1000 to 3500 gallons of water

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Some departments operate, tractor drawn, tanks, capable of caring

4000 or more gallons

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A mobile water supply operators may or may not be equipped with ‘’’ most of them are many equipped with a permanent’’’ ‘’ per and larger ones of ‘’

Fire pump,
750 gallons per minute
1500 gallons per minute

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Vehicles carrying 1000 gallons of water and more with a fire pump our generally referred to as

Tankers

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Vehicles carrying 1000 gallons of water or more without a fire pump or using a small PTO driven pump are called…

Tenders

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Large modern dump valves allow lots of water to be offloaded with minimal time loss thus, enabling the truck to return quickly to reload. Additional methods might be desired to improve the offloading rate of gravity dumps these methods include.

Jet assistance pneumatic pump

Basically a '' is a pressure water stream used to increase the velocity of a large volume of water that is flowing by gravity through a given size dump valve

jet p. 219

a '' system can be used to pressurize a tank and assist and expelling the water to make the overall tendered shuttle operation. More effective. A pumper or pump errors should be located at a water source to fill the water supply apparatus.

Pneumatic pump

What corridor is basically a circular driveway the goal is to allow the tender to bring in and dump its water without the necessity of backing up the apparatus or performing a three-point turn

water shuttle, apparatus corridor p. 220

What makes water tenders pot potentially dangerous to drive is the fact that they are'' and should be driven by ''

Heavy Experienced driver

Sometimes portable tanks are referred to as

Portable ponds or port a pond

The second factor that influences the movement of water is

The engine

The term engine and pumper apply to the same apparatus without '' .. '' is a piece of fire apparatus with the permanent mounted fire pump of at least 750 gallons per minute capacity a water tank and a hose body whose primary purpose is to combat structural and associated fires.

Confusion Engine or pumper

The pumping system provided must be capable of delivering the following: @100%,70%,50%

100% of rated capacity at 150 psi 70% capacity at 200 psi 50% of rated capacity at 250 psi not

Most fire engines and major city fire departments are rated at ''' /'' GPM @ '' PSI making them a class A pumper

1250/1500 gpm at 150 psi NOT

All pumpers are rated to ''' thus a 1500 gallon per min pumper can draft and discharge 1500 gallons of water permitted from a static water source

Draft p. 222

The main pump intake must have a ''' thread if the apparatus is to be used in the United States

Male national hose( NH) to accommodate hard suction hoses

Suction intakes are usually located on

The sides, front or rear of the pumper

General length of soft section is

20 to 50 feet

Discharge ports of ''' or larger must be provided to discharge the rated capacity of the pump.. Must be equipped with ''' threads

2.5 Inches are larger, equipped with male NH threads

Most difference all pumpers have is an intake control valve that is either a large ''' or ''' connection with a ball or butterfly control valve

Female threaded or storz connection p. 223

The pump must not be operated '' of its rated peak speed for any length of time if it is, the engine, drier pump may be damaged

80%

When residual pressure reaches zero there is no '' left because ''''

No flow left because there's no water left. That is why you have to monitor this.

Pump operator should maintain a residual pressure of

20 to 25 pounds per square inch or more if at all possible

The residual pressure should not be allowed to drop below “” psi

10 psi except under extreme conditions

Losing water completely it's called

Cavitation or running away from water

For safety reasons pump operators must never what a hose line without the consent of personal operating it

Down a hose line to reduce flow

Shutting down unnecessary hose lines, half gating or gating down hose lines or reducing tip sizes IS ''' residual pressure.

Increases p. 224

One-way the engine company can increase. The efficiency of its operation is to minimize. '' in the supply hose and attack line.

Friction loss p. 225

Oh, the third factor that influences the movement of water is

Fire hose

The larger the diameter of a hose the less '' there

Friction loss

the greater the flow rate in a given size hose the greater the''

Friction loss

To provide proper nozzle pressures, pumpers must overcome

Friction loss

The ''' hose designed to convey water to : Hose line nozzles Distributor nozzles Master stream appliances Portable hydrants Manifold Standpipe and sprinklers

ATTACK

The attackers hose is designed to use it operating pressures up to at least '' psi

275 psi

The supply hose was designed for moving water between a

Pressure water source and a pump that is supplying attack line

LDH has a diameter of ''' what is the most common size size used in the Fire service?

3 1/2 inches or larger 4 to 5 inches is the most common size

Whenever a LDH is used for application '''' device with a maximum setting of '' should be used

Pressure relief device 200 PSI

The standard hose of the fire service is the

2 1/2 inch line the workhorse of the fire department

'''' lines can be used for: Attack lines Supplying master streams Stand Pipe Sprinkler system Water supplies

2 1/2 inch P. 226

The 2.5 INCH hose LINE is often use as a “” regarding supply lines

Second supply into the pump with LDH being the primary supply section

Friction Lawson a single section of 2 1/2 inch hose is

20 PSI per hundred feet of hose P. 227

The duel 2 1/2 inch lines are primarily used t to supplyX3 SP SS PM

Sprinkler systems Standpipes Pipe Portable monitors

What inch hose has been phased out?

3 inch

Most metropolitan fire department around the country now use '' LDH

If 3 inch hose is still being used. It is to supply fire protection systems like. X3 L S

Sprinklers and standpipes or for latter pipe operations on Ariel ladders

NFPA ''' standard on firehose defines and LDH as a hose with an inside diameter of

NFPA 1961 3.5 or larger

In industrial facilities''' LDH is not uncommon

7 1/4 AND 10 IN

'' provides the most efficient means of minimizing friction loss and developing the full potential water, supplies, and pump capacity

LDH P. 228

A 5 inch hose line is approximately equivalent to

Six 2 1/2 inch hose lines

The first engine cannot comply with what rule if they lay reverse

2in 2 out p. 229

As it starting guidelines, the engine on the hydrant should initially be pumping at what?

Hundred psi

Excessively long lays exceeding ''' require '' to the effect of friction loss and elevation pressure

1000ft and up , tandem or relay pumping

Relay pumping operation should be drilled at least once every

Six months

The maximum capacity of relay operations is determined by

The smallest pumper or the smallest supply hose used

Two methods of setting up hose lays for relay pumping

Reverse lays Split lays (blind alley lay) p.231

As a start of relay operations, all pumpers and line should be set to pump

150 psi to the first pumper at the fire

Incoming pressure to the next pumper and the relation should never drop below

20 psi

Good what between pumpers is effective for relay operations?

Communication p. 233 actual

2 1/2 inch supply line should not be used to deliver much more than how many gallons per minute

350

How many 2 1/2 inch discharges are usually installed for each 250 gallon per minute of rated capacity on the pumper

One

And the second method of setting up relay the first arriving engine, lays its supply line from “” that begins its attack

Property entrance to the Fire building

Regarding estimating how many more attack lines can be supplied by water means a drop of 5%, 10%, 20% indicate that only how many more equal parts can be delivered from the water made

5% equals three lines 10% equals two lines 20% equals one line

What makes large diameter hose a key piece of equipment for moving big water?

Low friction loss

Up to what capacity is a mobile water supply apparatus generally

3500 gallons

What is the minimum number of valve intakes that must be provided on the pumper that can be controlled from the pump operator position of the hydrant does not have steam ports, but only 2 1/2 inch discharge port

1 pg 223

Which type of hose lay can the first arriving engine company comply with the two and two out rule?

Forward lay

Position the engine “” to the water supply facing the water source

Parallel

If the driver plans to use the rear discharge port position, the rig, so the coupling of the supply is at “”

Mid engine

If the driver is going to use the side discharge port position, the rig, so the couplings of the supply is just CLEAR OF THE '''

Clear of the front bumper

What is the minimum residual pressure that pump operators should maintain if at all possible

20 to 25 PSI

The first engine cannot comply with the two and two out rule if they lay

Reverse

What percentage of the rated capacity must the pumping system be capable providing 150 psi net pump pressure?

100 percent

What type of set up should the water shuffle apparatus corridor involve?

Circular drive

What is the maximum setting of the pressure relief device when using large diameter hose for supply attack lines and master Stream applications

200

What determines the number of attack lines placed in service during fire operations

Maintainable water supply

Friction laws in a single section of 2 1/2 inch hose per hundred feet

20 psi

Which is NOT one of the keys to establishing SOGs about water supply requirements? p. 221

Area trend evaluations

What is the official incident management system (IMS)/incident command system (ICS) term for a mobile water supply apparatus?

Tender

There are two ways in which most relay pumping operations are set up: ''''' method, the first arriving pump is positioned at the fire and its crew begins attacking the fire with tank water. The fire should be attacked from the outside, first by spraying water into the window or door to knock down and reset the fire.. Each popper takes up its position in the relay after it has they had the entire LDH and the end of the LDH is connected to the rear discharge port. This process continues until the final pump reaches the water source .. it's a series of REVERSE LAYS.. '''' METHOD THE FIRST ARRIVING ENGINE LAYS ITS SUPPLY LINE FROM THE PROPERTY ENTRANCE TO THE FIRST BUILDING AND THEN BEGINS INITIAL ATTACK. THIS IS REFERRED TO AS A SPLIT OR BLIND ALLEY, BUT IT IS ESSENTIALLY AN UNCHARGED FORWARD LATE AGAIN/NIST INITIAL RECOMMENDATION SHOULD BE APPLIED.

1ST METHOD 2ND

3 factors that influence the movement of water at FIRES are?

Water source, engine fire hose

Chapter 7 Flashcards

Water supply