Chapter 15 Flashcards
High-rise firefighting
1
Q
What type of building construction is less likely to spread beyond the room and floor of origin then our fires in short buildings making them actually safer than all other types of buildings we respond to
A
Type one high-rise buildings
2
Q
NFPA report on high-rise building fires breaks down high-rise buildings into six property types which are:
A
H
D
O
H
NH
A
Apartments
Hotels
Dorms
Offices
Hospitals/ nursing home
Other
3
Q
Regardless of building height, the leading cause of fires IN all property classes IS ?
A
Fires IN kitchen, cooking areas with cooking equipment ( food on the stove
4
Q
The primary factor that makes fighting fires in skyscrapers so challenging is
A
Their height
5
Q
Most of the fires in high-rise buildings according to NFPA 2016 report begin on floors no higher than
A
The sixth floor P. 466
6
Q
’’’ companies are traditionally assigned TO DO:
Recon
Lobby control
Elevators
Forcible entry
Search-evacuate-rescue
Ventilation
occupant management
A
Ladder
7
Q
In compartments with office furnishings and computer equipment total room involvement has occurred within within ‘’ ignition
A
Seven minutes
8
Q
SER stands for
A
Search
Evacuate
Rescue
9
Q
Major issues that firefighter face during fires are:
H
E
W
BA
W
A
Heat
Elevation
Water
breathable air
Wind P. 467
10
Q
A high-rise acronym that exists in the early 1970s is worth reviving for the newest generation of firefighters. What is it?
A
Hazards
IN
Greater
Heights
Reach is beyond capabilities of Ariel apparatus
Interior fire attack is essential on upper floors
Significant smoke and stack effect potential is present
Evacuation time required to move. All building. Occupants is unreasonable and impractical.
11
Q
The ‘’ attack is based on what:
Building design
Number of occupants
Number stairways
Their configuration
Proximity to the seat of the fire
A
FIRE
12
Q
What is the secret to success in fighting fires in ‘’’ buildings?
Incident planning
Consulting with the building or maintenance engineer
Developing a pre-fire plan
Following incident commands, high-rise fire checklist P. 468
A
high-rise
13
Q
High-rise buildings are rarely left unattended if the fire safety Director or building engineer is on site that person needs to have building and system plans already and
A
Stay glued to the IC AT command post
14
Q
High-rise buildings fallinto three groups
A
High-rise structures built before 1945
High-rise structures built between 1945 and 1968 when the post World War II economy, force change in the building industry
High-rise structures built after 1968
15
Q
Which category of high-rise group does the following fall into?
Heavyweight building 20 to 30 pounds per cubic foot
Structural steel components in case in concrete
Exterior walls are Masonary
Floors are reinforced concrete
Lack of plenum space
Exterior walls are tied to the floor
Steam heat, lack of HVAC
Core concrete was not used
Most exterior windows can be opened
A
High-rise structure built before 1945
16
Q
Which category of high-rise group does the following fall into?
Medium weight 10 to 20 pounds per cubic foot
Fire and smoke tower
Many exterior windows can be opened
A
Between 1945 and 1968
17
Q
Which category of high-rise group does the following fall into?
Lightweight building 8 to 10 pounds per cubic foot
Lack of compartmentalization
Wide open floor space
Spray fireproofing for steel structural members
Exterior and curtain walls are a combination of glass and steel
Exterior windows do not open
Open plunujms with lack of fire stops
Q use for floor
Center core construction used extensively
A
Built after 1968
18
Q
What type of construction is used in in the majority of super high-rise buildings.. constructed of reinforced concrete. It is a giant vertical shaft that runs the entire height of the skyscraper contains elevators and closed stairways standpipes sprinkler system, piping power, water, and plumbing..
A
Center core construction
19
Q
What design construction allows for 360° view with on obstructed floor space, the biggest problem with this design is that Fire can also whip around 360° and flank, the fire attack team.
A
Center core design construction
20
Q
What construction design puts the giant vertical shaft with all major building opponents on one side of the building. fire attack strategy in this type of construction would be a direct formal attack
A
Side core design p. 469
21
Q
Fire attack strategy in a center core design would have to be a ‘'’OR ‘’ attack using a second attack team accessing the fire floor from the same or second stairway to confine the fire and prevented from circling around o, 469
A
pincer or flanking
22
Q
Non-core design is found in ‘’’ buildings AND ‘'’..
IT WILL REQUIRE ‘’ OPERATIONS ABOVE ‘’ FLOOR
A
Low rise buildings and older high-rise buildings and it will require standpipe operation above the third floor
23
Q
Floor area or square footage in high-rise buildings can range between ‘’’ .. how many gallons per minute of water would we needed to control this type of square footage?
A
10,000 ft.² in wall over 300,000 ft.²
6000 to 10,000 gallons per minute to control
24
Q
Large fires instructions with many square feet per four may end up being what type of firefight
A
A controlled burn
25
High-rise buildings also fall into three use categories
Commercial
Residential
Mixed use
26
Mixed use high-rises can have
Residential units on the upper floors while having commercial use on the main levels of the building
27
What is the space between the structural ceiling and the drop ceiling of a floor/ceiling assembly the underside of the floor above used to house communication cables for telephones and computer networking use for HVAC work
plenum
28
Many practices still recommend completely shutting down the HVAC system during A ''' so fresh air intakes don't provide additional oxygen to the fire p. 470
A fire alarm
29
When the movement of air is intensified, shutting down the HVAC system is
The correct action to take
30
when shutting down ''' systems it also eliminate the ability of the system to:
Pressurize elevator shaft, stairwells, and floors above and below the fire something that is essential for high-rise fires because it prevents smoke from entering these areas
HVAC
31
In high-rise, modern construction elevator, shafts and floors above, and below fires are now ''
Pressurized
32
What system is the most effective way to prevent control or suppress a major fire in a high-rise
Automatic sprinkler system p. 471
33
A flow requirement is based on the
Hazard and fuel load of what is expected to be in the design fire area
34
Fire sprinklers do not shut off once the fire has burned out they have to be
Manually shut off p. 472
35
NFPA '' provides minimal requirements for the design of a standpipe system, which is determined by the height of the building in the floor area of which story in the occupy classification egress system, design, flow rate and residual pressure and distance of hose connections from the source of the water supply
14
36
Early high-rise buildings used '' standpipes newer buildings now ''
4 inch, 6 inch
37
Standpipes and hoses are classified by intenders use :
What are they?
Class one- firefighter use
Class two- tenant use
Class three- both. p. 473
38
Gold construction before 1993 have minimum flow rates of '' gpm at '' psi
500 gallons per minute at 65 psi
39
All Newark construction have a minimum pressure of ''psi but reduce GPM to'' gpm outlets. This allows for more maneuverable hand lines.
125 psi
300 gallons per minute
40
Where a static pressure of a 2 1/2 half inch hose connection exceeds 175 psi what '' must be installed to limit the static and residual pressure at the hose connection to no more than 175 psi
Listed pressure regulating device ( prv)
41
PRV is designed to
Reduce the downstream water pressure under both flows residual and static
42
For class 1 standpipes systems , the minimum flow rate of remote standpipes is '' gpm through '' outlets .
500 gpm though 2, 2.5 inch outlets
43
A minimum flow rate for additional standpipes is '' powering stand Pipes for buildings with floors that do not exceed 80,000 ft.² per floor
250 gpm
44
for building at exceed 80,000 ft.² per floor. The minimum flow rate for additional stand pipes is. '' the second Pipe and. '' for the third standpipe if additional flow is required for an upright building
500 gpm , 250 gpm
45
The maximum standpipe flow rate are '' gpm for buildings that are fully sprinkler and '' for buildings that are not sprinkler
1000 gpm
1250 gpm
46
Class two standpipe systems the maximum flow required from a 2 1/2 inch hose connection is
250 GPM
47
Based on the travel distance required to cover all portions of each floor level of the building, and starting from the hose connections to travel distance shall be '' sprinkler buildings after 2005
200 feet
48
Regarding NFPA 14 , STANDPIPE : The traveling distance shall be '' for non-sprinkler of buildings but how much should be a minimum to start any fire attack?
130 feet
200 feet
49
Connection should be provided at the '' landing of the stairway with roof access or it should be provided on the roof
Highest
50
In stairways without roof access, there may be a hose connection at the top of the standpipe on
The roof p. 474
51
Firefighters working together can keep track of each each other by x5
Site
Touch
Voice
Radio
Or remaining contact
52
Your PPE has a threshold rating of '' for how long?
572°
15-30 seconds
53
Flashover and post flash over ceiling temperatures can be up to ''
2000°
54
Floor temperatures when the floor is on fire can be around
500°
55
What is considered the weakest component of firefighter protection?
The lens and the face piece of SCBA
56
Glass transitions or softens of the poly carbonated lens occurs between '' and melting and lens occurs between
293° and 302°
419° and 640°
57
Maximum exterior lens temperature where as high as
572°p . 475
58
Firefighters, greatest adversary in high-rise building fire is
Heat
59
PA 1500 states that crew should not be permitted to use more than'' before being rotated through rehab
To SCBA's
60
Keep in mind that every 50 foot section of charge 2 1/2 inch hose line weighs
105 pounds
61
High-rise fire attack should be viewed as
Running a marathon, not running a sprint
62
What actually prevent injuries from heat and fatigue?
Frequently rotation of crews
63
Preserving the effectiveness of cruise with frequent rotations actually
Extinguishes the fire faster by extending the capabilities of limited resources p. 476
64
The key to keeping accurate accountability is to
Work the status board as the assignments are being made
65
Before incident priorities remain the same for high-rise building fires except on a much grander scale what are they?
Life safety
Incident stabilization
Extinguishment
Property conservation p. 477
66
The initial IC should remain calm and approach a high-rise emergency systematically by:
Size up/risk benefit analysis
Four incident priorities
RECEO.VS
Find the fire
Identify existing problems
Assign crews to address problems
Anticipate problems
Stick to/incident action plan
Referred to ICC high-rise fire checklist
Remain close to building engineer or maintenance supervisor p. 478
67
The first Company officer needs to establish'' and announce ''
Command
Initiation of lobby control
68
The initial command post is usually in
The lobby close to the fire alarm panel
Inside the buildings fire control center
69
'' control consists of the following:
Verify the alarm location
Verify the location of any sprinkler activation
Establish contact with engineer or safety supervisor
Acquire emergency procedure documents/building plans
Select the fire fight and evacuation stairway
Managing the evacuation of occupants to safe area
Gain control of building systems
Direct incoming units to the elevator or firefighter stairwell
Lobby
70
The first detail that company officer needs to determine when arriving in a high-rise Fire is to verify the initial
Location of the fire or the location of the fire alarm activation on the FACPp. 479
71
Pushing what button notifies the monitoring company that the fire department is on scene at the control panel
Acknowledgment button
72
Pushing white button, turns off alarm buzzer in the FACP but leaves the alarm status light and building alarm on
Acknowledgment button button p. 480
73
It is best to use what company members for the initial recon assignment because the initial commitment to high-rise firefighting are to utilize engineering companies to establish a water supply
Ladder companies
74
Never silence, the buildings, audible fire alarm, horn or siren until
Activated alarm is verified, once it is determined to be false it can be silenced
75
In an actual fire, once evacuation is complete in the life hazard is mitigated instant command can order the alarm to be
Silenced
76
''' teams should determine:
How many stairway access the fire for?
Which stairway is closest to the fire?
Which one has the standpipe?
Our hallway/stairways containing
The floor plan require more than 200 feet of hose
After that
Searching insure that firefighter stairways is clear of occupants up above the fire floor
Recon
77
A rapid assent team does what
Search Fire stairwells and make sure they are clear of occupants above the fire floor
78
In older buildings with a smoke or fire tower it should be THE PREFERRED CHOICE FOR ?
The preferred choice for the evacuation stairway p. 481
79
If there is no fire tower, the evacuation STAIRWAY should be '' by the building hatchback system and free of smoke
Pressurized by the buildings, hatchback system and free smoke
80
What is a fast moving event that moves large number of able body people as possible in an organized manner to initial place a refuge
Evacuation, it is not a rescue
81
Elevators and high-rise buildings should not be used for fires below
Fourth floor because not much is gained p. 482
82
It must be determined if the building has an emergency '' and whether?
Power generator
Whether it starts automatically or needs to be manually started
83
What are often available for distribution to specific cruise in order to establish in-house communication can be used in elevator cars in on every stairwell landing plugged into wall jacks and connected directly to the FCC benefit of this is that they are not subject to radio interference or dead zones with steel type one building
Sound powered headphones
84
Portable radio, signals through repeaters are often lost, and what type of construction
Type one
85
If a building has a fire pump and indication light for it will be on
The fire alarm panel
86
The fire pumps are usually found in
Basements, but there could be a mid-level pump hose to supply the upper floors, they can be electrically hardwired or powered by diesel motor
87
Fire pump for wet pipes, automatic sprinklers, maybe supplied by:
GT
PW
PRT
PWS
Gravity tanks
Public water
Pressurize reservoir tag
Private water supplies p. 483
88
Fire pumps are typically rated at “”” gpm
750 gallons per minute
89
during a Fire there can only be what supplying a stand Pipe
One source of water supply a stamp by either buildings fire pump or an engine
90
Fire pump in a wet system draws water from '' until a fire department engine increases its pressure beyond that on the fire pump
Tank reservoir
91
A fire that requires the use of a stamp Pipe system for water supplies is most likely on a floor
Higher than the fourth story
92
Priorities for ''' companies during high-rise fires regarding lines
Initial hose line to the fire floor
Stretch back up line equal or greater diameter
Get an exposure line to the floor above the fire
Ready to charge hose line for RIT
engine
93
Priorities for the ''' companies are during high-rises fires :
Overseas evacuation and initial search
Evacuation occupants
Support the pressurization of firefighter stairways with fans
And chair rooftop access stage closed during fire attacks
Make sure HVAC systems work and shut down if needed
Stair should be checked throughout the vent P. 484
ladder
94
Newer codes require hydrants within '' otherwise ??
100 feet of an FDC otherwise should be within 300 feet of FDC P. 485
95
Pump to rooftop pressure by adding '' per for friction loss and adding '' psi for the stand Pipe Siamese friction loss. if the building is equipped a fire pump let the pump do its job 50 to 100 psi below the??
5 PSI
25 PSI
Signage pressure
96
3 helpful tricks for the driver to know if a building fire pump is operating
1 - to the FDC or riser, you will hear a vibration if it's operating
2 - close the supply line to the FDC, if there is noise and resistance closing the ball valve, that means water is flowing from the apparatus into the stamp Pipe and the fire pump has failed or is not operating properly
3 - drop on the discharge gauge
97
The first line regarding standpipes should be hooked up to which intake and charge to get water into the system quickly
LEFT
98
The second line regarding standpipes should be connected to ?? The sequence was originally established because connectING the right side first meant that??
Right
The right hose would get in the way the slowing down the useless span to tighten the left female swivel P. 486
99
PRV's are one way '' , you cannot '' into a standpipe through a PRV
Discharge valves, you cannot backflow water into a standpipe through a PRV
100
As a last resort, what can be used as a waterway or temporary stand Pipe to advance hose lines to the upper floors?
Ariel ladders, however, they shouldn't be done because you take away that limited special resource.
101
Physical demands on firefighters limit them to approximately '' before they need a fresh bottle
20 minutes
102
Getting water to fires on an upper floor can take at least'' if everything goes right
15 to 20 minutes P. 489
103
Elevator should not be used for fires below what floor
Fourth
104
Staging is set up on what floor
Two floors below the fire IN a high-rise building
105
Elevator should not be used for fires on lower floors below ?
The main entrance of a building for the same reason you shouldn't hook up to below grade standpipe discharge connections
106
There are two basic types of elevators what are they?
Electric and hydraulic
107
Which elevators are usually found in low rise or non-high-rise buildings, mechanical rooms in the basement
Hydraulic
108
Which traction elevators are used in actual high-rise buildings, used with giant hoist cables, wrapped around drums along with cables attached to the Kate.. Hoist motors and mechanical rooms are usually on the roof or the top floors of the building although in modern day high-rises mechanical rooms can be located almost anywhere adjacent to the hoistway
Electric traction elevators
109
Some freight elevators have manual operating doors and do not have '''' SAFTEY FEATURES
Phase 1, or phase 2 safety features
110
If the alarm action occurs in the main lobby, the elevators are recalled to an alternative designated floor, usually below the main lobby, this alternative floor recall is sometimes referred to as
Phase 3
111
What phase of elevator operations occurs when the fire department actually takes control the elevator car
Phase 2
112
What phase elevator operation is tied to the building automatic fire alarm system, and occur automatically. If the alarm is set off by smoke detectors or pool stations in elevator lobby, shafts machine rooms, they are automatically recalled to the main lobby.
Phase 1
113
During phase 1 operations, if the car is not automatically recalled to the main lobby, they should be
Manually recalled, accounted for, searched, then shut off P. 490
114
If smoke is detectable or noticeable, stop the elevator at the nearest floor and get everyone out turn the elevator back to what
Phase 1 operations Which wall returned to the lobby
115
''' is a term for newly approved " Hardened." post September 11 elevator design for firefighter use.. Occupant evacuation in high-rise firefighting and will become more common as new tall buildings are constructed.
Fire service access elevators( FSAE) P. 491
116
What type of elevators are built with the reinforced concrete that are not subject to normal problems associated with the regular concrete shafts.. They are pressurized and the electric operating components are insulated from smoke heat and water damage. These elevators have remote heat and smoke monitoring for all floors.
Fire service access elevators
117
What is a newer requirement in building code that specifically provides ongoing elevator operations during an emergency for disabled occupant who cannot use stairs?
Occupant evacuation operation(OEO) P. 492
118
Every standPIPE has a rooftop '' on the roof equal to the required flow to attack roof, fires, roof decks, and patio fires, and fires in a rooftop missionary rooms and for flowing water down the exterior sides of high-rise building to prevent auto extension and lapping. If not on the roof , where would it be located?
discharge manifold valve
Just inside the top stair landing at roof level, the stair continues into a basement. There will be an additional below grade discharge valve.
119
Two types of PRV's ARE ?
PRV
A flow restricting device
120
What device controls the discharge pressure by restricting the flow through a reduced orifice plate, they do not reduce the static pressure. It is reduced because of the small diameter orifice plate within the valve
A flow restricting device
121
Limits the pressure on the stem side of all flows. set to deliver a specific pressure that will not exceed under any flow conditions static and residual pressures remain set.
PRV
122
PRV's are often installed on connectors between''' AND '' on the individual floor as well as on discharge hose outlets.
Stand Pipe risers and automatic sprinkler sectional valve
123
NFPA '' states where the static pressure at a 2 1/2 half inch hose connection exceeds 175 psi a listed pressure reducing device shall be provided to limit the static and residual pressure at the hose connection to know more than '' if the flow pressure exceeds 100 psi requires that an approved device being installed at the discharge outlet to reduce pressures to a maximum of '''
14
175 PSI
100 PSI P. 497
124
According to NFPA high-rise building fires report '' % of all office and hotel, high-rise fire start '' the common location for service areas.
10 %
below grade
125
hose should be tested at least once every
Five years but are often poorly maintained and not always accurately tested P. 498
126
At a minimum the first '' floors of the stairwell must be checked for occupants by an engine crew member before the hallway doors opened to the fire floor
The first five FLOORS
127
Unless the entire fire structure can remain pressurized connecting hose lines on the fire floor and above the fire floor landing should
Be avoided
128
Heavy flames in the hallway usually means the door to the fire unit is
Open allowing fire to spread P. 500
129
Building occupants may not know the difference between firefighter '''
Stairwells and evacuations stairwells
130
If for entry to a fire floor is required, the door must be '' until the upper floors of the firefighting stairways are cleared
Controlled
131
Before the fire floor doors open what team should search and check upper levels in the firefighting stairwell for evacuates
RAT
132
What systems should be used to clear occupancy, evacuations stairway or direct them to remain in their room?
The PA system located at the alarm panel
133
What is the primary strategy for search teams IN HIGH RISES
Protect and shelter in place, rather than risk occupants lifes through IDLH, they should be directed back to the rooms
134
High-rise buildings often have more than one stairways with standpipe consider taking '' lines to '' and using different standpipes to avoid the het and smoke.
Taking exposure lines to upper floors and using different standpipes to avoid the heat and smoke.
135
Whenever using an inch 3/4 hand line what should always be used as a back up line
equal to or greater
P. 502
136
Tactical objectives on the fire floor for a high-rise building remain the same as in one store buildings what are they?
Force entry
Fire attack line 1ST
Back up line 2ND
Exposure to the floor above 3RD
Rapid intervention line4TH
SER any evacuation?
Ventilation
Salvage overhaul P. 503
137
What is the only requirement in addition to full PPE with SCBA regarding RIT standby members according to NFPA 1500
That they have the universal Air connection UAC to supply air sources P. 504
138
Using a 2 1/2 inch gated why can yield a number of combinations which include
Two 2 1/2 inch attack lines
One 2 1/2 inch tack line and one 2 1/2 inch back up line
One 2 1/2 inch line and two 1 3/4 inch lines coming off the one and a half inch gated wYE
For one and 3/4 inch lines coming off to one and a half inch gated wYE for exposure protection
Two 2 1/2 inch lines to support a portable monitor or blitz fire master stream P. 506
139
What configurations add a tremendous amount of CANTILEVERED weight to the stand Pipe discharge outlet and should be supported with webbing tied to the standpipe.. A better solution that many fire departments have implemented is to have what it's called a '' , how long and size ?
Pigtail to 12 foot section of 2 inch hose to the discharge valve which relieves all the weight of the discharge valve and transfers it to the floor P. 507
140
The Flo rate from a 4 inch properly supplying standpipe can easily be
600- 750 gpm per min or more
141
What can bleed air out of a standpipe faster than an at the end of a 200 foot hose lay..
WYE
142
The square footage and the Fire load typically do not require '' of water to extinguish a fire in the incipient or early growth stage
300 gallons per
143
A fire in the incipient stage or in the early growth stage needs what type of water
Fast water, not big water
144
Residential high-rise units are ''' and often contain fire to the origin
Compartmentalized P. 508
145
What is the game changer in high-rise fires?
Wind P. 509
146
If smoke/ fire is encountered on the fire floor hose line should be strenched from the stand Pipe connection where and not a standby connection in the hallway
Stairway
147
If situations deteriorate and the floors is lost it is because the floor below is gaining headway, all crews on the floor above the original Fire must retreat to the '' stairway not the ''
Evacuation stairway, not the firefighter stairway
148
The initial attack hose line must be connected to the standup discharge outlet in the stairwell '''
One floor below the fire floor
149
The only hose outlet on the stamp Pipe that isn't being utilized during the initial fire attack is the one on
The fire floor, the attack line and back up all coming from standPIPE OUTLETS BELOW
150
RIT LINE should be the'' LINE when the RIT is established, but if it isn't, the RIT line is the'' LAID
2ND
4TH P. 515
151
Out of the five property classifications and high-rise buildings the ones that have the least sprinkler buildings are
Older residential high-rises
152
What can be the only sign that the entry door into the fire unit has been left open
Thick smoke in the hallway
153
What is a big heavy fire resistant tarp they come in 6×8
Fire curtains
154
10×12 foot curtains are called
Fire blanketsP. 517
155
The purpose of the fire blanket is to
Cover exterior windows of a fire area that has self vented or was left open on the Windward side of the building
156
How was the fire blanket installed?
By the ladder company on the roof or a floor above, dropped by two guided ropes attached to the fire curtain after installed tension tied off
157
What is an effective solution to consider in combating a wind driven fire in a residential high-rise, where the fire has self vented through a window
Fire blanket
158
What are our options regarding nozzles for attacking a residential high-rise fire from the unit below when conditions for a wind driven fire exist
High-rise nozzle( Floor below nozzles)
Hydro vent nozzle
159
What nozzle is 8 foot long one and a half inches thick that has bent back on itself approximately 68° with one and 1/8 board tip at the end with flows approximately 250 GPM. The pipe is supplied by a 2 1/2 inch hose line and it has a ball valve shut off
High-rise nozzle
160
What is a suppression ventilation nozzle that sprays water into the ceiling with one nozzle and hydraulically ventilates the fire simultaneously three second nozzle both attached to a single pipe
Hydro VENT nozzle P. 518
161
Safest way to fight a fire in a high-rise apartment that has self-vented and flames are exiting the windows with no smoke in the hallways ?
Indirect attack that includes cutting a small hole just large enough to insert an operate a nozzle through the front door or sheet rock
162
What ATTACK IS like introducing a giant sprinkler system into a unit?
And indirect attack
163
two factors that make indirect attacks difficult to fight ARE
Wind / elevation
164
When considering type one construction high-rises in commercial spaces with large floorplans, the fuel will probably be ''before this fires run out of oxygen..
Fuel limited
165
Most unpredictable aspect and high-rise fights are
Wind P. 519
166
A major problem and fighting high-rise fires is that firefighters cannot see
Exterior upper perimeter when they are in a hallway CORRIDOR on the inside, they need eyes on the outside
167
Before making attack on the fire floor, the officer musT confirm the status of ''' ABOVE THE '''''
Firefighting stairwell above the fire
168
Smoke pulsating around the edges of a door indicates ''' HAS FAILED ON THE FIRE FLOOR
A window has failed on the fire floor
169
If the door is open to the fire floor, firefighting stairwell may be ?
filled with smoke P. 520
170
Another alternative attack is to use a center core of the floor to
Flank, the fire, the wall can shield cruise from radiant heat to one crew and go left while the other goes right
171
Fire rating for fire doors used on a two hour wall is
90 minutes P. 521
172
Unprotected steel can soften elongate and start to fail when temperatures rise above
1000°
173
In type 1 construction, the columns have a '' hour rating , the beams are rated for '' and the floor /ceiling are fire rating for ''
4,3,2 HOURS P. 522
174
A new strategy considered when Fire is gaining control of a floor in a commercial office space high-rise with limited personnel and resources is the ''
Keep the following point in mind :
Do not open the door to the fire floor so that the firefighter stairways remain clear smoke
Any occupants in the firefighting stairwell are safe from heat and smoke
SER teams can move from Florida Florida without the danger of being trapped by heat and smoke entering the firefighter stairwell
Evacuate occupants from floors can be expedited if stairwell stay clear of the smoke and heat
There is no urgency needed to vent the bulkhead at the top of the stairs
Any condition that could create a wind driven fire will not develop
Exposure teams can connect multiple hose lines from the firefighter stairwell standpipe to protect the floor above the fire heat from the fire floor
Fans can assist in keeping the stairwell pressurized
NO attack strategy P. 523
175
Attacking from where allows firefighters to be in a safe atmosphere condition while getting as close to seed of the fire as possible
Attacking from below
176
A trick of the trade is to use '' extinguisher on the glass to freeze it, then shatter it with the point of a pickHEAD AX
Carbon dioxide extinguisher P. 523
177
All floors, especially those immediately above the fire are considered
Exposures P. 526
178
All combustible material should be removed from around the windows and walls. This may include the entire perimeter of the exposure floor move items to.
To the center and away from shafts, ducks and vertical channels
179
Pulling ceiling around the perimeter to expose the PLENUM IN THE RETURN AIR CHANNEL. The perimeter of walls should be.
Bare
180
Property conservation is not the concern on floor is above
The fire
181
The Pipe chases are in
The kitchen areas break rooms and the men's and women's restaurant these spaces need to be opened and wet it down
182
Another primary Avenue of smoke and fire spread are '' DUCTS . '' grades have to be removed
HVAC, vent P. 528
183
A simple tactic to protect exposure. Buildings is for a cruise to.
Flow water down exterior walls of exposure buildings to keep them wet
184
What is used in high-rise buildings instead of SAR efforts?
SER, because you want to evaluate people by the masses
185
Strategy for the life safety in residential apartment condominium and hotels is
Shelter in place P. 531
186
Multiple master door key should be obtained for '' UNITS
SER units
187
If an elevator, Car found an upper floor with the doors open. There's a sign of.
Malfunction do not enter but check for occupants
188
What is a simple spring loaded clamp that can be found at any hardware store that is perfect for keeping doors open
Jeromeo clap p. 535
189
One of the first assignments for ventilation companies should be to determine the status of
HVAC systems
190
If Hvac system is spreading smoke by distribution system or the fresh air return shafts are contributing to firewood. The system should be.
Shut down
191
If the system is designed to sandwich the fire with pressurize stairs indoors, the system should be left
In operation so it functions as designed
192
Fan should be placed '' feet from the stairwell doors blowing towards the stairways
8-10 ft
193
What is the vertical airflow within high-rise buildings caused by the temperature created density difference between the buildings interior and exterior or interior
Stack affect
194
Who defines stack effect as the natural movement of air in a high-rise caused by the difference in temperatures and atmospheric pressures inside and outside a sealed high-rise
dunn
195
In winters, the outside air is cold while the inside building is heated this is a
Normal stack effect( smoke from fires on lower floors rise)
196
In summer outside temperatures are hot while air condition keeps interior climate of the building. Cool this is.
Reverse stack effect from fires in the upper floors, travel downward
197
For engine companies no air movement is better than
Unpredictable air movement p. 539
198
What is a series of tactics that start with horizontal ventilation supported by PPV fans on the fire floor once the fire is extinguished
Transitional ventilation
199
What should start with the fire floor and the first two floors above the fire floor?
Transitional ventilation
200
Firefighter should remain on air until atmospheric readings are taken into ensure CO levels are below
35 ppm
201
If the strategy for the fire floor is no attack and the windows have self vented. The estimated time for auto Extrication is ‘’ per floor, and the burn downtime of the fuel in the fire is “””
45 minutes
90 minutes
202
Vertical fire extension can occur when the fire jumps from floor- floor through the failure of “”” sometimes called ?
Failure of exterior windows
Auto exposure
203
What type of wall is a fire pass through within the basement due to openings where the beam rest on the walls?
Party walls
204
What is the most common and most visible method utilized by risk managers? Control measures.
Risk reduction
205
The fire attack occurs without'''' on the Fire floors and ventilation doesn't commence until the fire is knocked down or extinguished water first then vent
ventilation
206
Another safe and effective method for extinguishing fires that have spread vertically into an attic space is using what nozzles
Piercing or round
207
If a fire occurs in a balloon frame building and exposure, line must be deployed immediately to the “””” even if the space is accessible by a ground ladder from the outside.
Attic space
208
High heat and thick smoke under pressure are the first signs that “” IN THE FIRE ROOM HAS SELF VENTED
The window and the fire room has self vented
209
What is a fire CURTIAN used for during residential high-rise fires
Seal off the window page 518
210
What size standpipes are found in buildings built since
the 1980s? AND B4
6 INCH AFTER 1980
4 INCH B4
211
Up to what number of doors can be open in the stairwell
when a modern pressurization system is present and have it
maintain pressure?
3
212
Which is seen as the more advantageous stairway to be
designated the firefighting stairway during high-rise
operations?
p. 480
One closest to the fire
213
What is the primary concern regarding firefighting safety
within the stairwells during high-rise operations?
p. 499
Ability for occupants to enter the stairwell When it turns into a chimney..
214
The initial company officer should utilize the buildings'' to notify all occupants to stay in the room unless there is an alarm
PA system
215
What should the crews use to manage a large evacuation?
Handheld, battery-powered megaphone
216
What is the minimum number of floors within the attack
stairwell above the fire floor that must be checked for
occupants by an engine company before the hallway door is
opened to the fire floor?
5 FLOORS
217
What is the minimum size team that should be assigned
during high-rise operations?
p. 475 exception?
2
Firefighters assigned to run elevator cars, and phase 2 operations
218
From what location can hose lines be directed on the
exterior of the building to prevent the fire from
extending vertically from autoexposure when the fire is on
the 16th floor of a commercial high-rise building?
p. 527
ROOF OR SEVERAL FLOOR ABOVE THE FIRE , Full water down exterior sides of the building
219
What is the estimated time for auto extension when the fire
has self-ventilated and the strategy for the fire floor is
no attack in a commercial high-rise fire?
45 MINS
220
Within what amount of time after ignition do case studies
and NIST experiments show that compartments with office
furnishings and computer equipment can become completely
involved?
7 MIN
221
What is the first detail the company officer needs to
determine when arriving at a high-rise fire?
Verifying the alarm location via the FACP
222
What is the fire rating of the floors, ceilings, and
shafts in Type I fire-resistive construction?
2
223
Up to what rate can the HEROPipe flow?
900GPM
224
Who is the first point of contact with someone trapped in
a high-rise fire?
911 dispatcher
225
What is the primary concern regarding firefighting safety
within the stairwells during high-rise operations?
p. 499
Ability for occupants to enter the stairwell
226
What creates the greatest physical stressor on
firefighters during high-rise operations?
p. 470
Lack of ventilation
227
When would individual cubicles need to be searched during
operations at a commercial high-rise building fire?
p. 534
Smoke is present
228
What are the fastest and easiest way to get the right door to a hallway or office is to breach the'''
gypsum wall board reaching through and opening the door
229
What should the firefighter hooking up to the standpipe do
before connecting the hose?
p. 505
Open the valve
230
What should be the first thing the officer will do when
trying to determine if there is smoke in the hallway
during residential high-rise operations?
p. 517
Look for pressurized smoke along the edges of the door
231
Ultimately what will the decision to make a direct attack,
pincer or flank attack, or a defensive interior attack be
based upon during the commercial high-rise fire?
If interior heat conditions are tenable or not
232
When flowing the floor on the exposure floor in a
commercial high-rise building, where should streams be
aimed?
Corners of the floor and perimeter where the floors meet
the wall
233
What does everything during the high-rise residential
apartment fire hinge upon?
WIND CONDITIONS
234
High heat and thick smoke under pressure are the first signs that what has happened
A window has a self vented
235
What should be put in service first when performing a
defensive interior attack during a commercial high-rise
fire?
p. 521
Master stream
236
Where is the exposure line usually connected during
commercial high-rise fire operations?
FF STANDPIPE
237
What can be done to confirm the ceiling and floor
construction when considering using an indirect attack
from above during a residential high-rise fire?
p. 519
Opening the ceiling in the hallway with a pike pole
