Chapter 7 Flashcards
Rape
Any sexual contact that lacks consent and/or capacity to give consent
Consent
Agreement between participants to engage in sexual activity
Must be ongoing, affirmative, and informed
Forcible rape
Old definition of UCR. Did not include males, force must be used, and could only be sexual intercourse
Drug or alcohol-facilitated rape
Offender gives victim drugs and/or alcohol without their knowledge or consent
Incapacitated rape
Victim willingly consumes drugs and/or alcohol but cannot consent
Florida Statute 794.011
“Any oral, anal, or vaginal penetration by, or union with, the sexual organ of another, or the anal or vaginal penetration of another by any other object performed without consent and not for a bona fide medical purpose”
FRIES
Freely given
Reversible
Informed
Enthusiastic
Specific
Measurement & Extent
1 in 5 women raped
highly underreported
UCR and NCVS
Risk factors
young women, 18-24
routine activities/life exposure theory
risky behaviors and lifestyle
risk perception (response latency)
response latency
time it takes an individual to respond
incident characteristics
offender is a white man ages 25-34, and known to the victim
only 1/3 of rapes include weapons
physical injury is rare
Responses to Victimization
Acknowledgment
reporting to police and others (more likely reported to nonlaw enforcement
resistance self-protective action (Parity &tonic)
Parity Hypothesis
use a level of response that is equivalent to what offender is doing to stop action
Tonic Immobility
people can not respond or stop rape when happening because of trauma reaction
Consequences
Physical, emotional, and psychological effects
behavioral and relationship affects
Financial costs
recurring victimization
sexual victimization of males
3% to 8% male
aftermath is similar to females
Issues: lack of services & confusion about response
Sexual victimization in the LGBTQ community
People who are LGBTQ are at higher risk of sexual victimization
especially college transgender
reporting is lower
legal aspects of Sexual victimization
rape shield laws (protect victim in a courtroom)
banning polygraphs for victims
affirmative consent laws (verbal agreement)
Required HIV/STI testing
some states sex offenders undeto HIV testing
condom stealthing
Agree to wear condom initially, but removes condom without your knoweldge or without your consent
Police responses
Training and partnering victim advocates
sex crime units
crisis counseling techniques
medical legal response
sexual assault nurses
sexual response teams – prosecutor, local law enforcement, advocacy groups, forensic examinations
prevention & intervention
education to recognize risky situations
self-defense training
bystander education
how to help a survivor
believe & listen, refer, validate
