Chapter 10 Flashcards
NCVS school data
2% of students were victimized. 1% violent and 1% theft
In grades 9-12: 9% were in a fight on school property & 6% threatened or injured with weapon
Who is victimized in K-12?
Males
9th graders
ages 12-14 have highest victimization at school
urban areas
elementary school teachers with physical attack likelihood
most common = theft
special education teachers have highest rate
Individual risk factors for k-12 victimization
low self control
lack of capable guardians
having deviant peers
Structural factors
school location
amount of crime in area surrounding school
Consequences of elementary school victimization
Fear
avoiding or skipping school
avoiding school activities or certain locations
Bullying
Bullying is the intention infliction of injury or discomfort (or attempt to do so) on another person repeatedly over time when there is a power imbalance between the preparator and the victim
Direct bullying
physcial and verbal bullying
indirect bullying
spreading rumors, purposely excluding or embarrassing someone. & cyberbullying
Extent of Bullying
Every 2 years NCVS collects data from students (12-18)
22% of students are reported
2 or more races
middle school is highest rate of bullying
Psychosocial effects of bullying
Greater levels of unhappiness and self-worth
Anxiety and depression (at the time of bullying and into adulthood)
Sleep disruptions, bed wetting, headaches and stomachaches
Negative impacts on school adjustment and performance
Absenteeism and school avoidance
Violent effects of bullying
Suicide by victims
Retaliation by victims
Responses to School Victimization
Security measures and lockdown drills
school resource officers
zero tolerance laws
bullying prevention and education
Victimization for college students
most common victimization: theft
violent victimizaiton: simple assault
18-24 highest age range for rape and sexual assault. higher for college girls
Males, students who are employed, more involvment
clery act
Annual campus security report
Timely notification, crime logs, and warnings about ongoing threats
Rights of accusers and victims are protected
Police & security for college
Many schools have sworn law enforcement officers (USF)
Others have campus security/safety that are not sworn officers (UT)
Blue light phones
UT app for emergencies
Victimization at work
any victimization that happens when a person is working or on duty
Typology of workplace
Criminal Intent Incident
Customer Client incidents
Worker-on-worker incidents
personal relationship incidents
Extent of Workplace Victimization
2019, 454 workplace homicide
1.3 nonfatal workplace injuries
men and women equally likely
young adults (20-34)
single is strongest indicator of victimization
Most dangerous occupations
Law enforcement
Mental health providers
Taxi drivers
Special education teachers
Gas station attendants
Those working in retail have the highest robbery rates and those working in LE have highest assault rates
Risk Factors for Work Victimization
Occupation involving the exchange of money
Working alone or with only a few people
Working late or early
Working in a high-crime area
Working in the community
Working with criminal, unstable, or volatile persons
Having a mobile workplace
Working in delivery occupation
Guarding valuables or property
Sexual Harassment
“Any behavior that derogates, demeans, or humiliates an individual based on that individual’s sex”
Sexual harassment includes
Anti-woman or anti-man jokes
Comments about women not belonging in the workplace or management
Unwanted touching
Pressure for dating
Bribes or threats to terminate employment if sexual acts not performed
Quid Pro Quo
pressure to doing something sexual in order to keep your job
Responses to workplace violence
education training and secuirty measure
Legislation: OSHA
