Chapter 7 :

Question 1

Why did the delegates to the Philadelphia Convention in 1787 decide to meet in secret?

Answer 1

To avoid alarming Americans with their plan for restructuring the government

Question 2

What were the terms of the “hard-money laws” passed by many states after the Revolutionary War to ensure settlement of the war debt?

Answer 2

Debts had to be paid in silver or gold rather than paper currency.

Question 3

Who suffered directly from the whiskey tax imposed by Federalists in the 1790s?

Answer 3

Corn farmers from the West

Question 4

In 1794, the first African American church in the United States was founded in

Answer 4

Philadelphia

Question 5

How did the legacy of Shays’s Rebellion influence attitudes toward the Constitution?

Answer 5

Many former rebels were skeptical of a strong central government and opposed the Constitution.

Question 6

According to the passage, what did the United Indian Nations Council request from the United States in 1786?

“Brethren of the United States of America: It is now more than three years since peace was made between the King of Great Britain and you, but we, the Indians, were disappointed, finding ourselves not included in that peace, according to our expectations: for we thought that its conclusion would have promoted a friendship between the United States and Indians, and that we might enjoy that happiness that formerly subsisted between us and our elder brethren. . . .”

Answer 6

Relations modeled on prewar agreements with Great Britain

Question 7

In the early republic, most states required that officeholders be

Answer 7

Protestant

Question 8

How did the Northwest Land Ordinance of 1785 attempt to resolve Indian land claims?

Answer 8

It did not resolve or address the claims.

Question 9

What event in Philadelphia in 1793 caused government operations to grind to a halt?

Answer 9

Yellow fever

Question 10

Prior to the Philadelphia Convention in 1787, which group of people met and drafted the Virginia Plan in hopes of creating a powerful central government?

Answer 10

Federalists

Question 11

The 1790 Indian Trade and Intercourse Act was enacted to

Answer 11

ensure equitable dealings between Indians and whites.

Question 12

What was Alexander Hamilton’s goal for his economic policy when he served as secretary of the treasury?

Answer 12

To establish the nation’s credit

Question 13

The Alien Act of 1798 granted the president the right to

Answer 13

imprison or deport noncitizens.

Question 14

Little Turtle, a war chief of the Miami Nation, created a pan-Indian alliance and attacked federal troops in the Ohio valley in 1790 because the U.S. government

Answer 14

had failed to stop settlers from moving into Indian territory.

Question 15

What concern did Indians and U.S. political leaders share in the aftermath of the Revolution?

Answer 15

White squatters

Question 16

The election of 1796 was notable because it was the first

Answer 16

to pit candidates of opposing factions against each other.

Question 17

How did the federal bank established by Hamilton function in the early years of the new nation?

Answer 17

It successfully served to collect and distribute the nation’s resources.

Question 18

Who was targeted by the Alien Act passed in 1798 under Adams during the undeclared war with France?

Answer 18

Scots-Irish immigrants

Question 19

What made the government’s response to the Whiskey Rebellion in 1794 so different from its response to Shays’s Rebellion in 1787?

Answer 19

The federal government used the army to quash the Whiskey Rebellion.

Question 20

Reduced prices for western land in the 1790s

Answer 20

fueled migration to the frontier for land.

Question 21

Hamilton originally proposed funding the establishment of a Bank of the United States by

Answer 21

selling stock to private stockholders and the national government.

Question 22

Who attended the Constitutional Convention of 1787?

Answer 22

White, educated men of property, mainly lawyers, merchants, and planters

Question 23

The Federalist majority passed the Naturalization Act of 1798, which

Answer 23

increased residency requirement for citizenship from five to fourteen years.

Question 24

What impact did the French Revolution have on American markets?

Answer 24

The French Revolution caused U.S. profits from trade to increase.

Question 25

Why did President John Adams not consult his vice president, Thomas Jefferson, on major policy issues?

Answer 25

Jefferson held opposing views on nearly everything.

Question 26

According to the passage, on what basis did the free blacks of Charleston demand an end to unequal legal treatment in the courts?

“Your memorialists show that they have at all times since the independence of the United States contributed and do now contribute to the support of the government by cheerfully paying their taxes proportionable to their property with others who have been during such period, and now are, in full enjoyment of the rights and immunities of citizens, inhabitants of a free independent state.”

Answer 26

By arguing that they paid the same taxes

Question 27

How did Democratic-Republicans portray Federalists during the Election of 1800?

Answer 27

As tyrants who abused their power and violated people’s rights

Question 28

What was the impact of the British decision in 1783 to deny the United States the right to trade with the British West Indies?

Answer 28

U.S. merchants were economically devastated.

Question 29

Who helped prevent a military takeover of the young nation by disgruntled military officers in 1783?

Answer 29

George Washington

Question 30

Along with New York, what northern state had the largest enslaved population in the 1790s?

Answer 30

New Jersey

Question 31

What party was the target of the Alien and Sedition Acts?

Answer 31

Democratic-Republicans

Question 32

Who represented the Democratic-Republicans on the ballot of 1800?

Answer 32

Jefferson and Burr

Question 33

Who supported Alexander Hamilton and his many unpopular yet enormously effective policies?

Answer 33

Key Federalists in Congress

Question 34

Southern Federalists such as Jefferson and Madison envisioned economic prosperity through

Answer 34

agriculture.

Question 35

Following the Revolutionary War, which nations allowed U.S. ships to continue to trade with their West Indies colonies?

Answer 35

France and Holland

Question 36

On what basis did Benjamin Rush advocate for the formal education of women in 1787?

Answer 36

To help them be better mothers to their sons

Question 37

In the first highly contested election for president of the United States, what methods were used for votes cast by regular voters?

Answer 37

Paper ballots and oral declaration

Question 38

What issue enraged officers from the Continental Army at war’s end in 1783?

Answer 38

The lack of compensation for their efforts

Question 39

What was the only religious group to oppose slavery during the colonial period?

Answer 39

Quakers

Question 40

Following the Revolutionary War, which country funded Indian raids on western frontier settlements in the newly formed United States?

Answer 40

Britain

Question 41

Why did Virginia oppose having the federal government assume the state’s war debt as proposed by Secretary of the Treasury Hamilton?

Answer 41

Virginia already paid its own debts.

Question 42

What form of payment did states offer to military veterans of the Revolutionary War?

Answer 42

Land

Question 43

How many states were needed to approve the Constitution for it to become law?

Answer 43

9 of 13, two-thirds

Question 44

What state granted women the right to vote during the early republic?

Answer 44

New Jersey