Chapter 7 : Flashcards
Why did the delegates to the Philadelphia Convention in 1787 decide to meet in secret?
To avoid alarming Americans with their plan for restructuring the government
What were the terms of the “hard-money laws” passed by many states after the Revolutionary War to ensure settlement of the war debt?
Debts had to be paid in silver or gold rather than paper currency.
Who suffered directly from the whiskey tax imposed by Federalists in the 1790s?
Corn farmers from the West
In 1794, the first African American church in the United States was founded in
Philadelphia
How did the legacy of Shays’s Rebellion influence attitudes toward the Constitution?
Many former rebels were skeptical of a strong central government and opposed the Constitution.
According to the passage, what did the United Indian Nations Council request from the United States in 1786?
“Brethren of the United States of America: It is now more than three years since peace was made between the King of Great Britain and you, but we, the Indians, were disappointed, finding ourselves not included in that peace, according to our expectations: for we thought that its conclusion would have promoted a friendship between the United States and Indians, and that we might enjoy that happiness that formerly subsisted between us and our elder brethren. . . .”
Relations modeled on prewar agreements with Great Britain
In the early republic, most states required that officeholders be
Protestant
How did the Northwest Land Ordinance of 1785 attempt to resolve Indian land claims?
It did not resolve or address the claims.
What event in Philadelphia in 1793 caused government operations to grind to a halt?
Yellow fever
Prior to the Philadelphia Convention in 1787, which group of people met and drafted the Virginia Plan in hopes of creating a powerful central government?
Federalists
The 1790 Indian Trade and Intercourse Act was enacted to
ensure equitable dealings between Indians and whites.
What was Alexander Hamilton’s goal for his economic policy when he served as secretary of the treasury?
To establish the nation’s credit
The Alien Act of 1798 granted the president the right to
imprison or deport noncitizens.
Little Turtle, a war chief of the Miami Nation, created a pan-Indian alliance and attacked federal troops in the Ohio valley in 1790 because the U.S. government
had failed to stop settlers from moving into Indian territory.
What concern did Indians and U.S. political leaders share in the aftermath of the Revolution?
White squatters
The election of 1796 was notable because it was the first
to pit candidates of opposing factions against each other.
How did the federal bank established by Hamilton function in the early years of the new nation?
It successfully served to collect and distribute the nation’s resources.
Who was targeted by the Alien Act passed in 1798 under Adams during the undeclared war with France?
Scots-Irish immigrants
What made the government’s response to the Whiskey Rebellion in 1794 so different from its response to Shays’s Rebellion in 1787?
The federal government used the army to quash the Whiskey Rebellion.
Reduced prices for western land in the 1790s
fueled migration to the frontier for land.
Hamilton originally proposed funding the establishment of a Bank of the United States by
selling stock to private stockholders and the national government.
Who attended the Constitutional Convention of 1787?
White, educated men of property, mainly lawyers, merchants, and planters
The Federalist majority passed the Naturalization Act of 1798, which
increased residency requirement for citizenship from five to fourteen years.
What impact did the French Revolution have on American markets?
The French Revolution caused U.S. profits from trade to increase.
Why did President John Adams not consult his vice president, Thomas Jefferson, on major policy issues?
Jefferson held opposing views on nearly everything.
According to the passage, on what basis did the free blacks of Charleston demand an end to unequal legal treatment in the courts?
“Your memorialists show that they have at all times since the independence of the United States contributed and do now contribute to the support of the government by cheerfully paying their taxes proportionable to their property with others who have been during such period, and now are, in full enjoyment of the rights and immunities of citizens, inhabitants of a free independent state.”
By arguing that they paid the same taxes
How did Democratic-Republicans portray Federalists during the Election of 1800?
As tyrants who abused their power and violated people’s rights
What was the impact of the British decision in 1783 to deny the United States the right to trade with the British West Indies?
U.S. merchants were economically devastated.
Who helped prevent a military takeover of the young nation by disgruntled military officers in 1783?
George Washington
Along with New York, what northern state had the largest enslaved population in the 1790s?
New Jersey
What party was the target of the Alien and Sedition Acts?
Democratic-Republicans
Who represented the Democratic-Republicans on the ballot of 1800?
Jefferson and Burr
Who supported Alexander Hamilton and his many unpopular yet enormously effective policies?
Key Federalists in Congress
Southern Federalists such as Jefferson and Madison envisioned economic prosperity through
agriculture.
Following the Revolutionary War, which nations allowed U.S. ships to continue to trade with their West Indies colonies?
France and Holland
On what basis did Benjamin Rush advocate for the formal education of women in 1787?
To help them be better mothers to their sons
In the first highly contested election for president of the United States, what methods were used for votes cast by regular voters?
Paper ballots and oral declaration
What issue enraged officers from the Continental Army at war’s end in 1783?
The lack of compensation for their efforts
What was the only religious group to oppose slavery during the colonial period?
Quakers
Following the Revolutionary War, which country funded Indian raids on western frontier settlements in the newly formed United States?
Britain
Why did Virginia oppose having the federal government assume the state’s war debt as proposed by Secretary of the Treasury Hamilton?
Virginia already paid its own debts.
What form of payment did states offer to military veterans of the Revolutionary War?
Land
How many states were needed to approve the Constitution for it to become law?
9 of 13, two-thirds
What state granted women the right to vote during the early republic?
New Jersey
