chapter 10 Flashcards
As maintained by members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, in a theocracy,
the entire community is governed by religious leaders.
What vital means of communication connected Baltimore to Washington, D.C., in 1844?
The telegraph
Which age group was drawn to urban life in the 1840s and 1850s?
The young
What was referred to as the Second Great Awakening?
Southern-style campfires and meetings of evangelical Christians
Why did Protestant workingmen embrace the temperance movement?
It allowed them to differentiate themselves from Irishmen
Emerging in the 1830s, transcendentalists believed the power of the Universal Being was accessible through
nature
Why were free blacks the most vocal advocates of abolition prior to the 1830s?
Most whites didn’t really care about slavery for a long time
Utopian leader Robert Dale Owen was set apart from his counterparts because he
embraced activism in the larger world and held elected office.
What pressures made labor organizations fragile and vulnerable in the 1830s?
Differences among the members
Which nineteenth-century utopian society was known for its unconventional attitudes toward sex and sexuality?
Oneida
How did middle-class women acquire shoes and cloth by the mid-nineteenth century?
They purchased them factory-made from shops.
What vital means of transportation invented in the 1830s served to whisk wealthy city-dwellers away from their poor neighbors and out into the suburbs and countryside whenever possible?
Horse-drawn streetcars
The almshouse and workhouse in the nineteenth century were intended to
ensure that poor people were working and no one was given a free ride.
In the mid-nineteenth century, what inspired so many middle-class Protestants to participate in reform movements?
They believed in a social gospel.
The purpose of the Underground Railroad was to
transport fugitive slaves safely to freedom.
What was the position of the group of Americans who took the name “nativists” in the 1840s?
Immigration should be stopped, especially of Irish people.
The abolitionist convictions of Sarah and Angelina Grimké carried particular weight because they were
Southerners.
What traditional leisure activity of the wealthy became accessible to the working class during the 1830s?
Theater
Why was the work of minister Charles Finney especially important and influential in Rochester, New York?
Finney converted many of the city’s most influential people to a life of faith.
Which leading writer of the mid-nineteenth century founded transcendentalism?
Ralph Waldo Emerson
What were central to a middle-class woman’s identity during the middle decades of the nineteenth century?
Childrearing and homemaking
First established in 1787, what set Unitarians apart from other Christian denominations?
They valued a rational approach to the divine.
Who served as the primary labor force in mid-nineteenth-century textile mills?
Girls and women from rural areas
When conditions in textile factory towns changed in the 1830s, workers responded by
organizing numerous strikes, hoping to compel the owners to heed their demands.
