Chapter 6C

Question 1

semantic memory

Answer 1

refers to the organised factual knowledge you have about the outside world.

Question 2

episodic memory

Answer 2

contains memories of distinct personal events that are associated with a particular time and place.
more easily forgotten than semantic memory.

Question 3

autobiographical memory

Answer 3

is a memory system consisting of episodes recalled from a persons life, based on a mixture of episodic and semantic memory.
type of explicit memory.

Question 4

episodic future thinking

Answer 4

involves projecting yourself forwards in time to pre-experience an event that might happen in your personal future.

Question 5

Alzheimer’s disease

Answer 5

is characterised by the progressive deterioration of brain neurons, causing memory loss, decline in cognitive and social skills and personality changes.

Question 6

what are four changes that occur in the brain that are characteristics of Alzheimer’s disease.

Answer 6

-formation of amyloid plaques
-neurofibrillary tangles
-lack of acetylcholine
-brain atrophy

Question 7

amyloid plaques

Answer 7

occur when beta-amyloid proteins build up. this abnormal build-up forms plaques between the synapses of neurons, and so interferes with neural communication.

Question 8

neurofibrillary tangles

Answer 8

occur when protein builds up inside the neuron and are associated with cell death, this interferes with the flow of information within and between neurons, disrupting communication

Question 9

what happens to acetylcholine in a brain with Alzheimer’s

Answer 9

there is a lack of the important neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Alzheimer’s disease systematically destroys the neurons that produce acetylcholine.

Question 10

brain atrophy

Answer 10

occurs as a result of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles progressively damage neurons, which die, causing the brain tissue to shrink.

Question 11

Aphantasia

Answer 11

is the inability to visualise imagery.

Question 12

people with Aphantasia might

Answer 12

-struggle to remember or ‘relive’ autobiographical events
-have difficulty imagining future or hypothetical events
-have problems with factual memory
-dream less
-have decreased imagery involving other senses such as sound or touch
-have trouble recognising faces.

Question 13

what are the two forms of Aphantasia

Answer 13

congenital (present from birth)\
Acquired (present from brain injury or significant psychological event, such as depression or anxiety.)