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PPL Course - (4) Performance and Planning > Chapter 6.6 - Environmental Consideration and Survival > Flashcards

Chapter 6.6 - Environmental Consideration and Survival Flashcards

1
Q

Name three distinctive variables of sounds?

A
  • Frequency.
  • Intensity.
  • Duration.
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2
Q

What is the measurement of Frequency?

A

Hertz (Hz).

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3
Q

Frequency is also known as what?

A

Pitch.

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4
Q

What is the Frequency range that humans can hear?

A

20 to 20,000 Hz.

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5
Q

What is the measurement of Sound Intensity?

A

Decibels (dB).

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6
Q

What is the Intensity range in Decibels associated with Aviation?

A

20 to 160 dB.

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7
Q

If a Pilot can’t hear ‘x’ amount of Decibels, they may already be experiencing hearing loss. What is ‘x’?

A

25 dB.

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8
Q

The potential for causing hearing damage is determined by what of a sound (2)?

A
  • Duration.

- Intensity.

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9
Q

What is the Intensity range in a small Single-Engine Aircraft Cockpit?

A

70 to 90 dB.

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10
Q

Name two types of categorised noises?

A
  • Steady Noise.

- Impulse/Blast Noise.

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11
Q

What and how long is Steady Noise (2)?

A
  • Continuous noise of sudden or gradual onset.

- Lasts for more than 1 second.

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12
Q

What and how long is Impulse/Blast Noise (2)?

A
  • Noise pulses of sudden onset that exceeds the intensity of 140 dB.
  • Less than 1 second.
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13
Q

Name an example of a Steady Noise with regards to an Aircraft?

A

Propeller/Engine.

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14
Q

The maximum permissible continuous exposure level to Steady Noise in a working environment is usually quoted as ‘x’ dB for a maximum of ‘x’ hours?

A
  • 90 dB.

- 8 hours.

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15
Q

True or False. Impulse/Blast Noise can rupture a person’s eardrum?

A

True.

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16
Q

When can Ear Discomfort be experienced?

A

Exposure of 120 dB Steady Noise.

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17
Q

When can Ear Pain be experienced?

A

130 dB Steady Noise.

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18
Q

When can Eardrum Rupture be experienced?

A

140 dB Impulse/Blast Noise.

19
Q

When can Temporary Hearing Impairment be experienced?

A

90 dB Steady Noise for less than 8 hours.

20
Q

When can Permanent Hearing Impairment be experienced?

A

90 dB Steady Noise for 8 or more hours per day.

21
Q

True or False. Some noise can be an advantage in maintaining adequate arousal levels?

A

True.

22
Q

Name three psychological effects due to noise exposure?

A
  • Subjective Effects.
  • Speech Interference.
  • Performance.
23
Q

Hearing Protection Equipment are effective at reducing high-frequency noise levels above how many Hertz?

A

1,000 Hz.

24
Q

Name four Hearing Protection Devices?

A
  • Earplugs.
  • Earmuffs/Communication Headsets.
  • Active Noise Reduction Headsets.
  • Combination of Protective Devices.
25
Q

Name one disadvantage of using too much Noise Reduction Devices?

A

Less likely to intercept any Engine problems.

26
Q

Describe the properties of Carbon Monoxide (3)?

A
  • Colourless.
  • Odourless.
  • Tasteless.
27
Q

Where can Carbon Monoxide be found (3)?

A
  • Combustion Engine.
  • Cigarette Smoke.
  • Fumes from a Fire.
28
Q

For Pilots, Carbon Monoxide Poisoning is associated with what?

A

Malfunctions to the Aircraft’s Exhaust/Heating System.

29
Q

If Exhaust Fumes are detected/suspected, what three things should a Pilot do?

A
  • Switch OFF Cabin Heater.
  • Open all Windows and Vents.
  • Land as soon as possible.
30
Q

True or False. The body is affected by Carbon Monoxide Poisoning in the same way as it is by Hypoxia?

A

True.

31
Q

What is the one major difference between Carbon Monoxide Poisoning and Hypoxia?

A

Increase supply of Oxygen removes the symptoms and effects of Hypoxia.

32
Q

What is the first stage of Carbon Monoxide Poisoning symptoms?

A

Feeling of unease with the inability to think clearly and dizziness.

33
Q

What is the second stage of Carbon Monoxide Poisoning symptoms?

A

Headaches become more severe and vision becomes impaired.

34
Q

What is the last stage of Carbon Monoxide Poisoning symptoms?

A

Incapacitation, loss of consciousness and death.

35
Q

How many g-force is experienced during Straight and Level Flight?

A

1g.

36
Q

How many g-force is experienced during a 60° turn?

A

2g.

37
Q

What manoeuvre gives positive g (2)?

A
  • Turning Flight.

- Pull-up.

38
Q

What manoeuvre gives negative g (2)?

A
  • Push-down.

- Entry to a Dive.

39
Q

(Positive/Negative) g is felt as a decrease in weight?

A

Negative.

40
Q

(Positive/Negative) g is felt as an increase in weight?

A

Positive.

41
Q

True or False. Poor Cockpit design can be a significant fatigue?

A

True.

42
Q

Name five components of a typical shoulder harness/safety belt?

A
  • Webbing.
  • Adjustment Hardware.
  • Attachment End Fittings.
  • Buckle.
  • Webbing Retractors.
43
Q

What’s the name of the automatic devices found in the Webbing Retractors?

A

Inertia Reels.

44
Q

Name four priorities of survival according to ERSA?

A
  • Protection.
  • Location.
  • Water.
  • Food.

PPL Course - (4) Performance and Planning (31 decks)

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