Chapter 6.6 - Environmental Consideration and Survival

Question 1

Name three distinctive variables of sounds?

Answer 1

• Frequency.
• Intensity.
• Duration.

Question 2

What is the measurement of Frequency?

Answer 2

Hertz (Hz).

Question 3

Frequency is also known as what?

Answer 3

Pitch.

Question 4

What is the Frequency range that humans can hear?

Answer 4

20 to 20,000 Hz.

Question 5

What is the measurement of Sound Intensity?

Answer 5

Decibels (dB).

Question 6

What is the Intensity range in Decibels associated with Aviation?

Answer 6

20 to 160 dB.

Question 7

If a Pilot can’t hear ‘x’ amount of Decibels, they may already be experiencing hearing loss. What is ‘x’?

Answer 7

25 dB.

Question 8

The potential for causing hearing damage is determined by what of a sound (2)?

Answer 8

• Duration.

- Intensity.

Question 9

What is the Intensity range in a small Single-Engine Aircraft Cockpit?

Answer 9

70 to 90 dB.

Question 10

Name two types of categorised noises?

Answer 10

• Steady Noise.

- Impulse/Blast Noise.

Question 11

What and how long is Steady Noise (2)?

Answer 11

• Continuous noise of sudden or gradual onset.

- Lasts for more than 1 second.

Question 12

What and how long is Impulse/Blast Noise (2)?

Answer 12

• Noise pulses of sudden onset that exceeds the intensity of 140 dB.
• Less than 1 second.

Question 13

Name an example of a Steady Noise with regards to an Aircraft?

Answer 13

Propeller/Engine.

Question 14

The maximum permissible continuous exposure level to Steady Noise in a working environment is usually quoted as ‘x’ dB for a maximum of ‘x’ hours?

Answer 14

• 90 dB.

- 8 hours.

Question 15

True or False. Impulse/Blast Noise can rupture a person’s eardrum?

Answer 15

True.

Question 16

When can Ear Discomfort be experienced?

Answer 16

Exposure of 120 dB Steady Noise.

Question 17

When can Ear Pain be experienced?

Answer 17

130 dB Steady Noise.

Question 18

When can Eardrum Rupture be experienced?

Answer 18

140 dB Impulse/Blast Noise.

Question 19

When can Temporary Hearing Impairment be experienced?

Answer 19

90 dB Steady Noise for less than 8 hours.

Question 20

When can Permanent Hearing Impairment be experienced?

Answer 20

90 dB Steady Noise for 8 or more hours per day.

Question 21

True or False. Some noise can be an advantage in maintaining adequate arousal levels?

Answer 21

True.

Question 22

Name three psychological effects due to noise exposure?

Answer 22

• Subjective Effects.
• Speech Interference.
• Performance.

Question 23

Hearing Protection Equipment are effective at reducing high-frequency noise levels above how many Hertz?

Answer 23

1,000 Hz.

Question 24

Name four Hearing Protection Devices?

Answer 24

• Earplugs.
• Earmuffs/Communication Headsets.
• Active Noise Reduction Headsets.
• Combination of Protective Devices.

Question 25

Name one disadvantage of using too much Noise Reduction Devices?

Answer 25

Less likely to intercept any Engine problems.

Question 26

Describe the properties of Carbon Monoxide (3)?

Answer 26

- Colourless. - Odourless. - Tasteless.

Question 27

Where can Carbon Monoxide be found (3)?

Answer 27

- Combustion Engine. - Cigarette Smoke. - Fumes from a Fire.

Question 28

For Pilots, Carbon Monoxide Poisoning is associated with what?

Answer 28

Malfunctions to the Aircraft’s Exhaust/Heating System.

Question 29

If Exhaust Fumes are detected/suspected, what three things should a Pilot do?

Answer 29

- Switch OFF Cabin Heater. - Open all Windows and Vents. - Land as soon as possible.

Question 30

True or False. The body is affected by Carbon Monoxide Poisoning in the same way as it is by Hypoxia?

Answer 30

True.

Question 31

What is the one major difference between Carbon Monoxide Poisoning and Hypoxia?

Answer 31

Increase supply of Oxygen removes the symptoms and effects of Hypoxia.

Question 32

What is the first stage of Carbon Monoxide Poisoning symptoms?

Answer 32

Feeling of unease with the inability to think clearly and dizziness.

Question 33

What is the second stage of Carbon Monoxide Poisoning symptoms?

Answer 33

Headaches become more severe and vision becomes impaired.

Question 34

What is the last stage of Carbon Monoxide Poisoning symptoms?

Answer 34

Incapacitation, loss of consciousness and death.

Question 35

How many g-force is experienced during Straight and Level Flight?

Answer 35

1g.

Question 36

How many g-force is experienced during a 60° turn?

Answer 36

2g.

Question 37

What manoeuvre gives positive g (2)?

Answer 37

- Turning Flight. | - Pull-up.

Question 38

What manoeuvre gives negative g (2)?

Answer 38

- Push-down. | - Entry to a Dive.

Question 39

(Positive/Negative) g is felt as a decrease in weight?

Answer 39

Negative.

Question 40

(Positive/Negative) g is felt as an increase in weight?

Answer 40

Positive.

Question 41

True or False. Poor Cockpit design can be a significant fatigue?

Answer 41

True.

Question 42

Name five components of a typical shoulder harness/safety belt?

Answer 42

- Webbing. - Adjustment Hardware. - Attachment End Fittings. - Buckle. - Webbing Retractors.

Question 43

What’s the name of the automatic devices found in the Webbing Retractors?

Answer 43

Inertia Reels.

Question 44

Name four priorities of survival according to ERSA?

Answer 44

- Protection. - Location. - Water. - Food.