Chapter 6.1 (Psychological Influences) Flashcards
Define personality
A ‘unique psychological make-up’
Define extrovert
Extroverts have loud and bright personalities
Define introvert
Introverts are quiet and are more likely to avoid situations
Define social learning theory
This theory suggests that behaviour is learned from significant other by socialisation
Define trait theory
A theory which suggests that innate characteristics produce consistent behaviour
Define interactionist perspective
A theory which combines trait and social learning to predict behaviour in a specific situation
Define Lewin’s formula
B = f(PxE): Behaviour is a function of personality and environment
What are the 3 components of the Hollander model?
- The core is stable and solid and not likely to change. Beliefs and values are underlying
- Typical responses are the usual responses the player would make in a given situation
- The role-related behaviour implies that further changes to behaviour may be needed as the situation demands
What are the uses of the interactionist idea?
- Coach can predict any potentially unacceptable or aggressive behaviour
- Coaches can identify situations that cause inappropriate actions or reduction of performance
- Use the approach to change the players behaviour by encouraging them to adapt to specific circumstances
Define attitude
A value aimed at an attitude object
What is a credulous approach?
When the link between personality and behaviour is accepted
What is a sceptical approach?
When the link between personality and behaviour is doubted
What is the triadic model? (CAB)
The three parts of an attitude: cognitive, affective, behavioural
Define cognitive component
A belief, such as the belief in the ability to win
Define Affective component
Relates to feelings and interpretation such as enjoyment
Define behavioural component
The actions of the performer
Define cognitive dissonance
New information given to the performer to cause unease and motivate change
Define persuasion
An effective communication to promote change
Define arousal
A level of activation, a degree of readiness to perform
What is drive theory?
As arousal increase, so does performance: P = f(D x H)
Define dominant response
The stand out response that the performer thinks is correct
What is the inverted-U theory?
Theory linking arousal and performance by stating that increased arousal improves performance to an optimal point at moderate levels of arousal
What is the catastrophe theory?
Theory suggesting that increased arousal improves performance to an optimal point but there is a dramatic reduction in performance when arousal increases beyond the optimal
Define somatic anxiety
Physiological anxiety
Define cognitive anxiety
Psychological anxiety
What is the ‘Zone’?
Area of controlled arousal and high levels of performance
Define peak flow
The ultimate intrinsic experience felt by athletes from a positive mental attitude, with supreme confidence, focus and efficiency
