Chapter 4.1 (Diet and Nutrition) Flashcards
Define Balanced Diet
A diet containing a variety if foods from each of the food groups so there is adequate intake of nutrients
Define Glucose
A simple sugar and the major source of energy for the body
Define Glycogen
The stored form of glucose found in the muscles and the liver
What is the Glycaemic Index
This ranks carbohydrates according to their effect on our blood glucose levels
Define Cholesterol
A type of fat found in the blood
Define LDL (low-density lipoproteins)
They transport cholesterol in the blood to the tissues and are classed as ‘bad’ cholesterol since they are linked to an increased chance of heart disease
Define HDL (high-density lipoproteins)
They transport excess cholesterol in the blood back to the liver where it is broken down. HDLs are classed as ‘good’ cholesterol since they lower the risk of developing heart disease
Define Amino Acids
Used in all body cells to build proteins
Define Electrolytes
Salts and minerals found in the blood that can conduct electrical impulses in the body
Define Dehydration
Occurs when the body is losing more fluid than it is taking in
Define Glycogen Loading
A form of dietary manipulation to increase glycogen stores over and above what can normally be stored. It is used by endurance performers
What is Creatine?
A compound the body can make naturally which supplies energy for muscular contraction; can also be used as a supplement to increase athletic performance
Define the ATP-PC system
An energy system that provides quick bursts of energy and is used for high intensity exercise but it can only last for up to 10 seconds
Define ATP (adenosine tri-phosphate)
Energy
Define Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO3)
A white soluble compound used as an antacid
