Chapter 6 vocab/reading

Question 1

mood disorders

Answer 1

a group of disorders involving severe and enduring disturbances in emotionality ranging from elation to severe depression

Question 2

major depressive disorder, single or recurrent episode

Answer 2

mood disorder involving one major depressive episode
OR
mood disorder involving multiple (separated by at least 2 months without depression) major depressive episodes.

Question 3

mania

Answer 3

period of abnormally excessive elation or euphoria associated with some mood disorders

Question 4

hypomanic episode

Answer 4

less severe and less disruptive version of a manic episode that is one of the criteria for several mood disorders

Question 5

mixed features

Answer 5

term for experiencing depressive symptoms during a manic or hypomanic episode, or experiencing manic symptoms during a depressive episode

Question 6

recurrent

Answer 6

term used to characterize repeated mood episodes divided by periods of full or partial remission

Question 7

persistent depressive disorder (PDD)

Answer 7

mood disorder characterized by two years or more of depressed or dysthymic mood which may vary in severity

Question 8

double depression

Answer 8

severe mood disorder typified by major depressive episodes superimposed over a background of dysthymic disorder (now part of persistent depressive disorder)

Question 9

integrated grief

Answer 9

a stage of grieving at which the finality of death and the meaning of the loss are acknowledged and appreciated

Question 10

complicated grief

Answer 10

a reaction to loss characterized by persistent intense grief and persistent distracting or impairing concerns about the consequences or circumstances of the loss

Question 11

premenstrual dysphoric disorder

Answer 11

a mood disorder in women characterized by marked depressive, anxious, or irritable symptoms, regularly occurring around the time of menstruation

Question 12

disruptive mood dysregulation disorder

Answer 12

in children, a mental disorder characterized by recurrent temper outbursts occurring against a background of irritable mood.

Question 13

bipolar I disorder

Answer 13

alternation of major depressive episodes with full manic episodes

Question 14

bipolar II disorder

Answer 14

alternation of major depressive episodes with hypomanic episodes (not full manic episodes)

Question 15

cyclothymic disorder

Answer 15

chronic (at least 2 years) mood disorder characterized by alternating mood elevation and depression levels that are not as severe as manic or major depressive episodes

Question 16

neurohormones

Answer 16

hormones that affect the brain and are increasingly the focus of study in psychopathology

Question 17

learned helplessness theory of depression

Answer 17

Martin Seligman’s theory that people become anxious and depressed when they make an attribution that they have no control over the stress in their lives (whether or not they actually have control)

Question 18

depressive cognitive triad

Answer 18

thinking errors by depressed people negatively focused in three areas: themselves, their immediate world, and their future

Question 19

mood-stabalizing drug

Answer 19

a medication used in the treatment of mood disorders, particularly bipolar disorder, that is effective in preventing and treating pathological shifts in mood

Question 20

electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

Answer 20

biological treatment for severe, chronic depression involving the application of electrical impulses through the brain to produce seizures. The reasons for its effectiveness are unknown

Question 21

Cognitive therapy

Answer 21

treatment approach that involves identifying and altering negative thinking styles related to psychological disorders such as depression and anxiety and replacing them with more positive beliefs and attitudes, and ultimately, more adaptive behavior and coping styles

Question 22

interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT)

Answer 22

brief treatment approach that emphasizes resolution of interpersonal problems and stressors, such as role disputes in marital conflict, forming relationships in marriage, or a new job. It has demonstrated effectiveness for such problems as depression

Question 23

maintenance treatment

Answer 23

combination of continued psychosocial treatment, medication, or both designed to prevent relapse following therapy

Question 24

suicidal attempts

Answer 24

effort made to kill oneself

Question 25

suicidal ideation

Answer 25

serious thoughts about committing suicide

Question 26

suicide plans

Answer 26

the formulation of a specific method of killing oneself

Question 27

psychological autopsy

Answer 27

postmortem psychological profile of a suicide victim constructed from interviews with people who knew the person before death