Chapter 12 vocab/reading

Question 1

schizophrenia

Answer 1

a devastating psychotic disorder that may involve characteristic disturbances in thinking (delusions), perception (hallucinations), speech, emotions, and behavior

Question 2

Schizophrenia affects #___ of every 100 people at some point in their lives

Answer 2

1 of 100

Question 3

catatonia

Answer 3

a disorder of movement involving immobility or excited agitation

Question 4

hebephrenia

Answer 4

a silly and immature emotionality, a characteristic of some types of schizophrenia

Question 5

paranoia

Answer 5

people’s irrational beliefs that they are especially important (delusions of grandeur) or that other people are seeking to do them harm

Question 6

dementia praecox

Answer 6

the Latin term meaning premature loss of mind; an early label for what is now called schizophrenia, emphasizing the disorder’s frequent appearance during adolescence.

Question 7

associative splitting

Answer 7

a separation among basic functions of human personality (e.g. cognition, emotion, and perception) seen by some as the defining characteristic of schizophrenia

Question 8

psychotic behavior

Answer 8

a severe psychological disorder category characterized by hallucinations and loss of contact with reality

Question 9

positive symptom

Answer 9

a more overt symptom such as delusion or hallucination displayed by some people with schizophrenia

Question 10

delusion

Answer 10

a psychotic symptom involving disorder of thought content and presence of strong beliefs that are misrepresentations of reality

Question 11

negative symptom

Answer 11

a less outgoing symptoms such as flat affect or poverty of speech, displayed by some people with schizoprenia

Question 12

avolition

Answer 12

an inability to initiate or persist in important activities. also known as apathy

Question 13

alogia

Answer 13

a deficiency in the amount or content of speech

Question 14

anhedonia

Answer 14

an inability to experience pleasure, associated with some mood and SZ disorders

Question 15

flat affect

Answer 15

an apparently emotionless demeanor (including toneless speech and vacant gaze) when a reaction would be expected

Question 16

disorganized speech

Answer 16

a style of talking often seen in people with SZ involving incoherence and a lack of typical logic patterns

Question 17

schizophreniform disorder

Answer 17

a psychotic disorder involving the symptoms of SZ but lasting less than 6 months

Question 18

shared psychotic disorder (folie à deux)

Answer 18

a psychotic disturbance in which individuals develop a delusion similar to that of a person with whom they share a close relationship

Question 19

substance-induced psychotic DO

Answer 19

the presence of hallucinations and/or delusions resulting from the ingesting or withdrawal from psychoactive substances or medications

Question 20

attenuated psychosis syndrome

Answer 20

a diagnosis under study that would be given to a person who is beginning to experience one or more of the symptoms of schizophrenia, such as hallucinations or delusions, but is aware that these are unusual experiences

Question 21

brief psychotic disorder

Answer 21

a psychotic disturbance involving delusions, hallucinations or disorganized speech or behavior but lasting less than 1 month; often occurs in reaction to a stressor

Question 22

prodromal stage

Answer 22

period of 1-2 years before serious symptoms of schizophrenia occur but when less severe yet unusual behaviors start to appear

Question 23

schizotypal personality disorder

Answer 23

a cluster A (odd or eccentric) personality disorder involving a pervasive pattern of interpersonal deficits featuring acute discomfort with, and reduced capacity for, close relationships, as well as cognitive or perceptual distortions and eccentricities of behavior.

Question 24

double bind communication

Answer 24

according to an obsolete, unsupported theory, the practice of transmitting conflicting messages that was thought to cause schizophrenia

Question 25

expressed emotion (EE)

Answer 25

hostility, criticism, and over-involvement demonstrated by some families toward a family member with a psychological disorder. This can often contribute to a person’s relapse

Question 26

token economy

Answer 26

a social learning behavior modification system in which individuals earn items they can exchange for desired rewards by displaying appropriate behaviors

Question 27

Broca’s area deals with

Answer 27

speech

Question 28

Wernicke’s area deals with

Answer 28

hearing

Question 29

what observations with SPECT machine for schizophrenia

Answer 29

Broca’s area was active.
Observation supports the metacognition theory (that people who are hallucinating are not hearing the voices of others but are listening to their own thoughts or their own voices and cannot recognize the difference).

Question 30

metacognition theory

Answer 30

that people who are hallucinating are not hearing the voices of others but are listening to their own thoughts or their own voices and cannot recognize the difference

Question 31

loose association / derailment

Answer 31

changing the topic of the conversation to unrelated areas

Question 32

erotomanic type of delusion

Answer 32

the irrational belief that one is loved by another person, usually of a higher status
i.e. some individuals who stalk celebrities appear to have this

Question 33

Typical onset of delusional disorder

Answer 33

between 35 and 55 years

Question 34

de novo mutation

Answer 34

A genetic alteration that is present for the first time in one family member as a result of a variant (or mutation) in a germ cell (egg or sperm) of one of the parents, or a variant that arises in the fertilized egg itself during early embryogenesis.

Question 35

retrospective

Answer 35

after-the-fact reports, collected after the person showed signs of schizophrenia.
Are these reports biased?