Chapter 6 - The Skeletal System

Question 1

1. The skeleton supports the ____
2. The skeleton protects the ______
3. The skeleton produces _____ cells
4. The skeleton stores ________ and ____

Answer 1

1. body
2. organs
3. blood
4. minerals, fats

Question 2

Short bones are ____ shaped
round or cube?

Answer 2

cube

Question 3

Which bones are longer than they are wide?

Answer 3

Long bones

Question 4

Which bones are plate-like with broad surfaces?

Answer 4

Flat bones

Question 5

The long bone enclosed in tough, dense irregular tissue called the _________

Answer 5

periosteum

Question 6

What is the end segment of a long bone called?

Answer 6

Epiphysis

Question 7

The portion between the epiphyses is called the:

Answer 7

diaphysis

Question 8

The medullary cavity of a long bone contains:

Answer 8

yellow marrow

Question 9

The epiphyses contain what kind of bone?

Answer 9

Spongy bone

Question 10

What is the process of red blood cell formation called?

Answer 10

Hematopoiesis

Question 11

Osteons are formed by:

Answer 11

lamellae

Question 12

Compact bone contains what cylinder shaped units?

Answer 12

Osteons

Question 13

What’s the name of the chambers where osteocytes (bone cells) are found?

Answer 13

Lacunae

Question 14

The small canals that connect the lacunae are:

Answer 14

Canaliculi

Question 15

The term ossification refers to the formation of ____.

Answer 15

bone

Question 16

In intramembranous ossification, bone develops between sheets of what kind of tissue?

Answer 16

Fibrous connective tissue

Question 17

Hyaline cartilage models are replaced by bone during fetal development in what kind of ossification?

Answer 17

Endochondral ossification

Question 18

During appositional growth, do bones increase in diameter or length?

Answer 18

Diameter

Question 19

Osteons are associated with _______ bone

Answer 19

compact

Question 20

Which type of bone cell breaks down bone and deposits calcium into the blood?

Answer 20

Osteoclasts

Question 21

The region in a long bone where growth occurs is

Answer 21

epiphyseal growth plate

Question 22

Axial or appendicular skeleton: lies in the midline of the body, contains the skull, the vertebral column, and the thoracic cage

Answer 22

Axial

Question 23

Axial or appendicular skeleton: upper and lower limbs, pectoral girdle, pelvic girdle

Answer 23

Appendicular

Question 24

What are the four paranasal sinuses?

Answer 24

Maxillary, frontal, sphenoidal, ethmoidal

Question 25

The eight bones of the cranium are:

Answer 25

Frontal bone, two parietal bones, occipital bone, two temporal bones, sphenoid bone, ethmoid bone

Question 26

Sutures separate what bones?

Answer 26

The bones of the cranium

Question 27

What is the large opening in the occipital bone called?

Answer 27

Foramen magnum

Question 28

Which cranial bone is shaped like a butterfly?

Answer 28

Sphenoid bone

Question 29

What are the main bones of the face?

Answer 29

Maxillae (2), palatine (2), zygomatic (2), lacrimal (2), nasal (2), vomer, inferior nasal conchae (2), mandible

Question 30

What is the only movable portion of the skull?

Answer 30

The mandible

Question 31

An abnormally exaggerated lumbar curvature of called

Answer 31

lordosis or “swayback”

Question 32

An increased roundness of the thoracic curvature is called

Answer 32

kyphosis or “hunchback”

Question 33

An abnormal lateral “side-to-side” curvature is called

Answer 33

scoliosis

Question 34

A torn or ruptured intervertebral disk is called

Answer 34

a herniated disk

Question 35

Which cervical vertebrae control the nodding of the head (as if saying “yes”)? Atlas or axis?

Answer 35

Atlas

Question 36

Which cervical vertebrae control the shaking of the head (as if saying “no”)? Atlas or axis?

Answer 36

Axis

Question 37

How many sacral vertebrae are there?

Answer 37

5

Question 38

The sacrum is formed by which vertebrae?

Answer 38

The sacral vertebrae

Question 39

The rib cage is composed of which vertebrae?

Answer 39

The thoracic vertebrae

Question 40

How many pairs of ribs are there?

Answer 40

12 pairs

Question 41

The most superior part of the sternum is the

Answer 41

Manubrium