Chapter 1 - Organization of the Body

Question 1

What is the default position of the body used in anatomy?

Answer 1

Anatomical position

Question 2

Cavity that contains the brain

Answer 2

Cranial cavity

Question 3

Cavity that contains the spinal cord

Answer 3

Vertebral canal

Question 4

Organs found in ventral cavity

Answer 4

Heart, lungs, esophagus

Question 5

Organs in abdominal cavity

Answer 5

Stomach, liver, spleen, pancreas, gallbladder, and intestines

Question 6

Organs in pelvic cavity

Answer 6

Rectum, urinary bladder, internal reproductive, inferior portion of large intestines

Question 7

Name of section that contains abdominal and pelvic cavities

Answer 7

Abdominopelvic cavity

Question 8

Cavities inside thoracic cavities

Answer 8

Pleural cavity, pericardial cavity, mediastinum

Question 9

What are meninges?

Answer 9

3 membranous layers lining posterior body cavity

Question 10

The 3 meninges are (deepest to superficial):

Answer 10

Pia mater, arachnoid mater, dura mater

Question 11

Fluid in between meninges

Answer 11

Cerebrospinal fluid enables cells to transmit electrical signals

Question 12

The diaphragm separates what two cavities?

Answer 12

Thoracic and abdominopelvic

Question 13

Thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities are lined by ______ membranes

Answer 13

Serous (secretes serous fluid to reduce friction)

Question 14

Functions of the parietal serous membrane

Answer 14

Cavity lining (outermost layer, lines the inner body wall)

Question 15

Function of the visceral serous membrane

Answer 15

Organ covering

Question 16

What fills the cavities between the parietal and visceral serous membranes?

Answer 16

Serous fluid

Question 17

The medial (central) portion of the thoracic cavity contains what organs?

Answer 17

Heart, trachea, esophagus, thymus gland

Question 18

Lung tissue is covered by:

Answer 18

the visceral pleura

Question 19

Thoracic cavity is lined by:

Answer 19

parietal pleura

Question 20

Visceral pericardium (epicardium) covers the ______

Answer 20

Heart

Question 21

Connective tissue sac surrounding the heart:

Answer 21

Fibrous pericardium

Question 22

Inner lining of fibrous pericardium

Answer 22

Parietal pericardium

Question 23

Pericardial cavity layers (inner to outer):

Answer 23

Heart, visceral pericardial sac, pericardial fluid, parietal pericardium

Question 24

Parietal peritoneum lines which cavity?

Answer 24

Abdominal cavity

Question 25

Which organs are found behind the parietal peritoneum (retroperitoneal)?

Answer 25

Kidneys and pancreas

Question 26

What is the male extension of the abdominal wall, where testes are kept, called?

Answer 26

The scrotum

Question 27

Urinary bladder is found below or above the parietal peritoneum?

Answer 27

Below (subperitoneal)

Question 28

Abdominopelvic cavity upper regions are (right to left):

Answer 28

Right hypochondriac, epigastric, left hypochondriac

Question 29

Abdominopelvic cavity center regions are (right to left):

Answer 29

Right lumbar, umbilical, left lumbar

Question 30

Abdominopelvic cavity lower regions are (right to left):

Answer 30

Right iliac (aka right iguinal), pubic (hypogastric), left illiac (aka left iguinal)

Question 31

True or false: The 4 quadrants system (RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ) is more commonly used as opposed to the "tic-tac-toe" nine quadrant system

Answer 31

True

Question 32

Med check: Inflammation of the cranial and vertebral cavity membranes

Answer 32

Meningitis

Question 33

Med check: Inflammation of the pleurae

Answer 33

Pleurisy

Question 34

Med check: Infection of the heart lining

Answer 34

Pericarditis

Question 35

Med check: Infection of the abdominopelvic cavity lining

Answer 35

Peritonitis

Question 36

Integumentary system involves the

Answer 36

Skin (integument)

Question 37

The organ systems of the body are:

Answer 37

Cardiovascular, digestive, endocrine, integumentary, lymphatic, muscular, nervous, reproductive, respiratory, skeletal, urinary

Question 38

Major organs of the cardiovascular system:

Answer 38

Heart, blood vessels, blood

Question 39

Major organs of the digestive system:

Answer 39

Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestines, rectum, and anus

Question 40

Major organs of the endocrine system:

Answer 40

pancreas, hypothalamus, thymus, and the glands: pineal, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal

Question 41

Major organs of the integumentary system

Answer 41

Skin (epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis)

Question 42

Major organs of the lymphatic system

Answer 42

Tonsils, thymus, spleen, lymph nodes and vessels, adenoids, bone marrow

Question 43

Major organs of the nervous system

Answer 43

Brain, spinal cord, nerves

Question 44

Major organs of the reproductive system

Answer 44

Females: ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, vagina Males: prostate, testes, penis

Question 45

Major organs of the respiratory system

Answer 45

Lungs, nose, trachea

Question 46

Major organs of the urinary system

Answer 46

Kidneys, renal pelvis, ureters, bladder, urethra

Question 47

Homeostasis is

Answer 47

the body's equilibrium

Question 48

Decrease change or output in homeostasis, result is amplified:

Answer 48

Negative feedback

Question 49

Increase change or output in homeostasis, result is reduced:

Answer 49

Positive feedback

Question 50

Diseases that occur suddenly and last a short time

Answer 50

Acute diseases

Question 51

Diseases that are less severe, develop slowly and are long term:

Answer 51

Chronic diseases