Chapter 6 Test: 12/18 (Mid-Term)

Question 1

What is the dominant theme in Europe during the 17th century?

Answer 1

progress

Question 2

Define Pietism

Answer 2

emphasis placed on inner experience rather than religious doctrine

Question 3

What religious group introduces pietism?

Answer 3

Lutherans

Question 4

What religious group leads the Great Awakening?

Answer 4

United Methodists

Question 5

Who leads the United Methodists?

Answer 5

John Wesley

Question 6

What was the purpose of the Great Awakening?

Answer 6

to make religion more democratic by stressing core values

Question 7

What were the core values stressed during the Great Awakening?

Answer 7

1. individual worth

2. spiritual conciousness

Question 8

Who lead the Mystification movement?

Answer 8

JC Lavater

Question 9

What is physiognomy?

Answer 9

the belief that character can be read through facial features

Question 10

Where does Free Masonry begin?

Answer 10

England but spreads

Question 11

Why do some countries outlaw Free Masonry?

Answer 11

they draw suspicion because of their democratic way of thinking which could start a revolution

Question 12

What are Free Masons called?

Answer 12

“Men of the Enlightenment”

Question 13

What are Free Masons interested in?

Answer 13

1. progress
2. reform
3. reason
4. democracy

Question 14

Who wrote the 17 Volume Encyclopedia?

Answer 14

Denis Diderot

Question 15

What was the 17 Volume Encyclopedia?

Answer 15

compendium of scientific, technological, and historical knowledge but had an undertone that criticized society

Question 16

Who wrote Spirit of Laws?

Answer 16

Barron de Montisqeu

Question 17

What did Spirit of Laws say?

Answer 17

1. separation of powers is important

2. the structure of governments vary based on their circumstances and climate

Question 18

Who wrote Candide?

Answer 18

Voltaire

Question 19

What was Candide about?

Answer 19

1. uses satire to criticize society
2. supports freedom in religion and thought
3. opposed to stupidity and laziness

Question 20

Who wrote Social Contract?

Answer 20

Jean Jacques Rousseau

Question 21

What did Social Contract say?

Answer 21

1. society is artificial and corrupt, therefore a person cannot truly be happy
2. general will is sovereign and government must accept it and listen to the people

Question 22

Who were the physiocrats?

Answer 22

economists of the enlightenment

Question 23

Who were the philosophes?

Answer 23

writers of the enlightenment

Question 24

Who wrote Wealth of Nations?

Answer 24

Adam Smith

Question 25

What did Wealth of Nations focus on?

Answer 25

1. free market and laissez-faire | 2. the duties of government

Question 26

What are the duties of government according to Wealth of Nations?

Answer 26

1. provide defense 2. provide internal security 3. make reasonable laws 4. have fair courts

Question 27

What is the primary political trend in Great Britain?

Answer 27

centralization

Question 28

What opposed the British Reform Movement?

Answer 28

1. absolutism 2. religious qualifications for citizenship 3. feudalism 4. inherited rights

Question 29

What were the goals of the British Reform Movement?

Answer 29

1. liberty and equality 2. freer and more frequent parliamentary elections representing a broader segment of society 3. construct the Declaration of Rights 4. construct a written Constitution 5. sovereignty of the people

Question 30

Who was the "father of the reform"?

Answer 30

Major John Cartwright

Question 31

Who was the "founder of philosophical conservatism"?

Answer 31

Edward Burke

Question 32

What did Edward Burke believe?`

Answer 32

1. opposed the Reform 2. the House of Commons should be independent 3. men who own land should compose the government

Question 33

What was the purpose of the Irish Penal Code?

Answer 33

to prevent an alliance between the Irish and France against Great Britain

Question 34

What do the English do to suppress Scotland's power?

Answer 34

the government attempts to break up the Highland Clans

Question 35

Who are the United Irish?

Answer 35

a group of people who rebel against British rule because Britain is trying to stop Ireland's French Alliance; the group is defeated

Question 36

What resulted from the United Irish rebellion?

Answer 36

the Irish Parliament is dissolved

Question 37

What is the Act of Union?

Answer 37

Ireland is incorporated into the United Kingdom shortly after their parliament is dissolved

Question 38

Who has the British monopoly on trade?

Answer 38

British East India Co.

Question 39

What is the Regulatory Act?

Answer 39

political activity must occur only under parliament but things relating to trade can be handled by the British East India Company

Question 40

Who was the First Governor General of India?

Answer 40

Warren Hastings