Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AP Euro > Chapter 5 Test: 12/4 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Test: 12/4 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® European History flashcards
0
Q

Describe the EE political structure

A

Inefficient, therefore weak

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

main social unit of Eastern Europe

A

The agricultural estates, land owners dominate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Religion of the HRE

A

Catholicism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Religion of Poland

A

Catholicism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Religion of Ottoman Empire

A

Muslim

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Religion of Russia

A

Eastern Orthodox

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Religion of Sweden

A

Lutheran

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Religion of Prussia

A

Lutheran

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

When was the HRE weakened?

A

After the treaty of Westfalen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Who rules the HRE?

A

The Hapsburgs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Why is the ruler of the HRE so powerful?

A
  1. Rules Austria
  2. Hereditary king of Bohemia
  3. Hereditary king of Hungary
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Who are the Magyars?

A

A group of Hungarians who gain power and rival the Hapsburgs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Who leads the Magyars revolt?

A

Prince Francis Rakoczy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Who finances the Magyars revolt and why?

A

France; hate Hapsburgs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Who is the HRE’s biggest rival?

A

Ottoman Empire

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Who saves the HRE from the attack of their biggest rival?

A

King of Poland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does the Treaty of Karlowitz do?

A
  1. Ends oppression by the Turks

2. HRE reclaims Hungary and Transylvania

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Why was the Pragmatic Sanction issued?

A

HRE King Charles VI has only a female heir, Maria Theresa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What was the purpose of the Pragmatic Sanction?

A

To stop rulers from taking advantage of a “weak” female ruler

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What does the Pragmatic Sanction say?

A

Rulers agree to recognize Maria Theresa as empress and they won’t attack her

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What does the Union of Lublin do?

A

Unifies Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What was the largest religious minority in Poland?

A

Jews

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How does someone become king of Poland?

A

Elected through the nobility who hold the power (no middle class)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

name of Polish nobility

A

slazchta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Official language of Poland

A

Latin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What’s the Liberum Veto?

A

Any man can stand up and disband the diet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Why is Poland’s government inefficient?

A

Elects king through bribery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Who becomes king of Poland after August III dies?

A

Stanislaw Poniatowski

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Who promotes Poniatowski as king?

A

Catherine the Great of Russia & the Prussians

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What reforms does Poniatowski initiate?

A
  1. Tax
  2. Military
  3. Emancipated serfs
  4. Encourages industry
  5. Education
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What causes the First Partition of Poland?

A

OE & Russia go to war and Austria threatens to join OE’s side. To prevent this Prussian ruler Frederick II the Great suggests that Prussia, Russia, and Austria each get a piece (1/3 is lost)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Effects of the 3rd Partition of Poland

A
  1. Restoration of Poland becomes a liberal cause until restoration after WWII
  2. Warns other countries to “suit up” or disappear
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Who is the powerhouse of Europe?

A

Sweden

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What vital part of Europe does Sweden dominate?

A

The Baltics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What ruler brings Sweden to glory?

A

Gustavus Aldophus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What Swedish king loses the most territory?

A

Charles XII in the Great Northern War

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Who takes over the OE government?

A

Military unit called the Jannisaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What is the ruler of the OE called?

A

Sultan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What is the Grand Vizier?

A

Second in command of OE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Who tried to revolve the role of emperor in the OE?

A

The Grand Vizier Kiupril family

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

What is the largest minority religion in the OE?

A

Greek Orthodox

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

What ethnicity is Russia?

A

Slavs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

What is the first great Southern Russian city?

A

Kiev

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

What dynasty rules Kiev?

A

Riruik

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

How does Kiev prosper?

A 
Upperclass dominates trade
Lower class dominates farming
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

What are the Russian nobility called?

A

Boyars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

What are the classes of Russian nobility?

A
  1. Druznina (given title due to military service)

2. Non-Service Nobility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

What is a half free Russian indentured servant called?

A

Zakup

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

What is the major Northern Russian city?

A

Novgorod

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Who adopts Orthodox Christianity in Kiev?

A

Vladimir Prince of Kiev

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

What are the two types of Russian clergy?

A
  1. Black: monks

2. White: village priests who can marry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

What is the Russian council/nobility called?

A

Bolarskaia Duma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

What is a Russian town meeting called?

A

Veche where all free men can participate, but only male heads of household can vote

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

Iraslov the Wise

A

Ruler of Kiev responsible for writing Russkaia Pravda, Russia’s first written law code

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

Who leads the Mongolian invasion of Kiev?

A

Batu

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

What do the Mongolians want from Kiev?

A
  1. Taxes

2. Army recruits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

Alexander Nevsky

A

Prince of Novogrod who defended his kingdom from Teutonic Knights during Battle on the Ice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

What city takes Kiev’s place after it falls to Mongolia?

A

Moscow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

What’s another name for Moscow and who is it named after?

A

Kuchkova; Kuchka

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

Daniel

A

Ruler of Moscow who produces stability through introducing a hereditary monarch

60
Q

Ivan I the Moneybags

A
  1. Becomes grand prince of Moscow after offering to collect taxes for tartars which makes Moscow richer
  2. He also makes Moscow the religious center of Russia
61
Q

Dmitri “Donskoi”

A

Moscow ruler who Defeats Mongols at Battle of Kulikova, resulting in the destruction of the myth that Mongolia is invincible

62
Q

Ivan III the Great

A
  1. First to use title of Tsar

2. Marries Zoe Paleologus, niece of the Byzantine emperor, thus allowing him to claim the throne in Constantinople

63
Q

Vasili III

A

Adopts Third Rome Theory by Abbot Filofei of Pskov: Rome falls, Constantinople falls, Moscow currently rules

64
Q

Ivan IV the Terrible

A
  1. Introduces Mestnichestvo (precedence in government/military based on family) in Moscow
  2. Marries Anastasia Zakharin-Kashkin (a Romanov)
  3. Creates General Militarty Regulations for the Gentry
  4. Creates Streltsky
  5. Creates oprichina
  6. Accidentally kills heir Dmitri
  7. Opens trade with England through Muscovy Co.
65
Q

What’s the Streltsky?

A

Nationwide militia

66
Q

What’s the oprichina?

A

Divides Russia into two parts ruled by two separate tsars

67
Q

Feodor I the Bellringer

A

Produces no heir so house of Riurik ends

68
Q

Boris Gudanov

A
  1. Not supported by Boyar due to allegations of murdering Ivan’s last son
  2. Civil war during his rule
69
Q

Hermogen

A

Calls for Crusade to drive Poles out of Russia

70
Q

Michael Romanov

A
  1. Ends Time of Troubles in Russia

2. Establishes new dynasty which introduces stability

71
Q

Alexis

A
  1. Don Cossaks revolt led by Stinka Razin who is defeated

2. Religious Great Schism led by Patriarch Nixon

72
Q

Feodore the Meek

A

Abolishes system of precedence

73
Q

Veccina

A

Inherited from state

74
Q

Bemetzi

A

Granted by the state

75
Q

Peter I the Great

A
  1. Has no heir

2. Goal: reform

76
Q

What do the Russian elite speak?

A

Latin

77
Q

What do the Russian commoners speak?

A

Vernacular

78
Q

What do all Russians have in common?

A
  1. Disease

2. Religion

79
Q

Where is trade in great demand?

A
  1. Asia: teas, spices
  2. America: Europeans want cotton
  3. Africa: Americans want African slaves for farm labor
80
Q

Who benefits most from this era of trade?

A

France, Dutch, Britain

81
Q

What dynasty ruled England?

A

The Hanovers

82
Q

Why does parliaments power in England grow?

A

The Hanovers were more interested in self promotion than the progress of England

83
Q

What are the dominant parties in England?

A

Whigs & Torys

84
Q

What office develops under the Hanover dynasty?

A

Prime Minister

85
Q

What is the Whigs advantage?

A

Whig Oligarchy (small group has control)

86
Q

Define rotten boros

A

Areas that are overrepresented in parliament

87
Q

What was the Enclosure Movement?

A

Yeoman moving into urban areas to find work; England is prosperous

88
Q

George I

A

appoints first prime minister of England

89
Q

Who was the first Prime Minister of England?

A

Robert Wallpool

90
Q

What was the first prime ministers major accomplishments?

A
  1. Architect of the cabinet of the government

2. Pays the national debt in order to get national support, though he doesn’t believe debt is bad if payed

91
Q

Bubble Act

A

English law under George I that said only government chartered companies can sell stock

93
Q

Who was Charles Stuart?

A

Tried to reclaim the Scottish throne from England, but is defeated, so George II breaks up all Scottish clans in England as a result

94
Q

George III

A

tries to regain England’s lost monarchical power but fails

95
Q

Joint Stock Company

A

a company who’s stock is owned by shareholders

96
Q

Mississippi Company

A

gets monopoly on all French colonial trade in exchange for promising to pay off the national debt. however, company goes bankrupt and France is forced to repudiate all national debt

97
Q

Jethro Tull

A

makes horse drawn cultivator/seed planter

98
Q

Robert Bakewell

A

introduces selective breeding in livestock

99
Q

James Watt

A

builds a steam engine that can power large industrial machinery

100
Q

Louis XV

A

French king who allows parliament to reassert itself in France

101
Q

Cardinal Fleury

A

regent under Louis XV of France who cuts debt and encourages mercantilism, therefore creating a prosperous France

102
Q

What was France’s biggest problem?

A

the wealthy and nobility and churches pay no taxes, therefore the poor and middle class are paying taxes, but most can’t afford to do so, so the government is going broke

103
Q

What was the taille?

A

property tax paid by the peasants in France

104
Q

What was Ving Tieme?

A

a failed attempt at tax reform with a 5% tax on all property

105
Q

What was the capitol of Prussia?

A

Berlin

106
Q

Who is the ruling dynasty of Prussia?

A

Hoenzallins

107
Q

Frederick William “the elector”

A

ruler of Prussia-Brandenburg, later becomes first king

  1. creates efficient civil service
  2. encourages industry
  3. strengthens the army
108
Q

What did Frederick William believe the ultimate human virtue was?

A

service to the state

109
Q

What was Frederick the Great’s nickname?

A

the enlightened despot

110
Q

What is the Anti-Machiavel?

A

book loved by Frederick the Great (of Prussia) that said that the monarch isn’t the absolute master, but only ther first servant of the state

111
Q

What were Frederick the Great’s major accomplishments?

A
  1. makes serfs hereditary subjects of yonkers

2. reforms schools and the justice system

112
Q

What were Maria Theresa’s goals for the HRE?

A
  1. guarantee plenty of taxes and soldiers
  2. break the power of local nobles
  3. replace local officials with government paid officials
  4. encourage free trade
113
Q

Who was Maria Theresa’s co-ruler?

A

her son and heir, Joseph

114
Q

What is Joseph a prime example of?

A

An enlightened despot

115
Q

What are examples of Joseph’s role as an enlightened despot?

A
  1. brings tax equality
  2. creates equal punishments for crime
  3. believes in freedom of the press
  4. believes in religious freedom
116
Q

Describe the cause of the War of Polish Succession

A

new king needed in Poland and Louis XVI of France wants his anti-Hapsburg father in law to become king but he fails

117
Q

Who opposes Louis XVI’s proposal for the Polish throne?

A

Austria and Prussia

118
Q

What peace ends the War of Polish Succession?

A

Treaty of Vienna

119
Q

What causes the War of Austrian Succession?

A

Prussian King Frederick II violated the Pragmatic Sanction by taking Silisia (a part of Austria)

120
Q

What ends the War of Austrian Succession?

A

The Treaty of Aix-La-Chapelle which gives Silisia to Prussia

121
Q

What was the Diplomatic Revolution?

A

Austria and France become allies when Marie Antoinette and Louis XVI wed; Prussia becomes allies with Great Britain

122
Q

Who led the Diplomatic Revolution?

A

Count Wenzel Von Kaunitz

123
Q

What caused the French and Indian War?

A
  1. Britain and France fight to control the Ohio River Valley
  2. Britain and France fight over trade with the Indians
  3. Austria and France attempt to partition Prussia
124
Q

Who created French territory in India?

A

Jean Dupliex and Robert Clive

125
Q

What ends the Black Hole of Calcutta (British POW camp)?

A

The Treaty of Paris where France loses all North American colonies

126
Q

Catherine I

A

becomes Russian queen when Peter dies

127
Q

Alexander Menshikov

A

dominates the Russian government under Catherine I

128
Q

Peter II

A

king after Catherine I of Russia

129
Q

Ivan Dolgorvky

A

advisor to Peter II of Russia who sends Menshikov into exile

130
Q

Anna

A

German daughter of Tsar Ivan V who becomes queen of Russia after promising to accept “The Conditions”, which she does, but quickly allows Germans to run the country

131
Q

Primo Geneter

A

law abolished by Anna that stated that the oldest son gets all property

132
Q

Ivan VI

A

Russian infant king who is overthrown by Elizabeth

133
Q

Elizabeth

A

daughter of Peter the Great who returns Russians to authority, restores the senate, and rules through favorites

134
Q

Peter III

A

hated Russia even though he is King

135
Q

Who did Peter III marry?

A

Catherine Anhalt-Zerhst (later Catherine the Great)

136
Q

What happens to Petter III?

A

The Orlov brothers help Catherine II the Great overthrow/kill him

137
Q

How does Catherine the great reward her subjects?

A

patronage (titles, serfs, estates)

138
Q

What ideas does Catherine the Great implement?

A

the Enlightenment

139
Q

What does Catherine the Great do for the legal system?

A

creates the Legislative Commission to recodify the legal system but it fails

140
Q

Charter of the Nobility

A

Russian law under Catherine the Great which allows the nobility in each district to create a legal body headed by the marshall and the nobility, who can petition the Tsar directly over issues and frees them from certain taxes and gives them rights in court

141
Q

What were Catherine the Great’s major accomplishments?

A
  1. small pox vaccine

2. expands trade and education

142
Q

Pugachev Uprising

A

Don Cossacks claims to be Peter III and attempts to reclaim the Russian thrown during their war with Turkey

143
Q

What were the results of the Pugachev Uprising?

A

Catherine realizes more local government is needed, even though Pugachev is defeated

144
Q

Why was the Battle of Chesma important?

A

a battle during the Furst Russo Turkish War under Catherine the Great. important because the British begin to fear Russia’s naval power

145
Q

What peace ends the First Russo Turkish War?

A

Treaty of Kachuck-Kainarj:

  1. Crimea comes under control of Russia, allowing them access to the Black Sea
  2. Russia gets access to Dardanelles and is recognized as protector of all Orthodox Christians in the OE
146
Q

What caused the Second Russo Turkish War?

A

Russia annexes Crimea to build a fortress at Sevastapol

147
Q

Who led the Greek Project?

A

Part of the 2nd Russo Turkish War led by Prince Gregory Potemkin

148
Q

What was the goal of the Greek Project?

A

capture Constantinople

149
Q

What peace ended the Second Russo Turkish War?

A

Treaty of Jassy which confirms Russia’s ownership of Crimea

AP Euro (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions