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AP Euro > Chapter 3 Test: 10/17 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Test: 10/17 Flashcards

1
Q

factors encouraging exploration

A
  1. trade with the East (India) is in high demand
  2. curiosity about the East sparked by writers like Marco Polo
  3. scientific progress (better maps, compasses)
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2
Q

who dominates trade?

A

the Italians

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3
Q

how do spain and portugal challenge the Italian monopoly?

A

they seek an all water route to the East

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4
Q

reason Portugese have commercial empire

A

Prince Henry the Navigator encourages exploration

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5
Q

Diaz

A

reaches the Cape of Good Hope (S. tip of Africa)

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6
Q

Columbus

A

runs into new world and claims it for Spain

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7
Q

effects of Commercial Revolution on Europe

A
  1. expanded world trade

2. economy shifts from Italy to West Coast

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8
Q

effects of Commercial Revolution outside Europe

A
  1. African slave trade BOOMS

2. Europeans migrate to the new world and bring culture/civilization

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9
Q

issues with Commercial Revolution

A
  1. inflation

2. usery (charge interest on borrowed money)

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10
Q

Pom System

A

raw materials to home

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11
Q

Factory System

A

machinery; attracts workers to move into cities

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12
Q

Social Structure

A
  1. kings/royals
  2. aristocracy/nobility
  3. middle class
  4. peasants/working poor
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13
Q

middle class in France

A

Bourgeoisie

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14
Q

middle class in England

A

Yeomanry

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15
Q

why was there an increase in universities?

A

the demand for educated workers grew

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16
Q

who benefited most from the commercial revolution and why?

A

the nobility because of an increased demand for agricultural products

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17
Q

robot

A

forced laborers for Prussian lords

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18
Q

Junkers

A

landlords in Prussia

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19
Q

Prussian government

A

weak, inefficient

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20
Q

Phillip II

A

strong catholic who believed his duty was to crush the protestant revolution all together

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21
Q

writer of Don Quiote

A

Cervante

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22
Q

modern day Spanish Netherlands

A
  1. Belgium
  2. Luxembourg
  3. Netherlands
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23
Q

North (Germany)

A

Protestant

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24
Q

South (France)

A

Catholic

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25
Q

principle city in the Netherlands

A

Anthwerp

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26
Q

William of Orange

A

led 200 nobleman who formed a league to stop the spread of Spanish Influence in the Netherlands which ended in a revolt

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27
Q

Passification of Ghent

A

league by which the Dutch agree to drive off Spaniards

28
Q

Council of Trouble

A

Phillip II responds to William of Orange’s revolt by sending the Duke of Alba to lead this

29
Q

Union of Utrech

A

7 northern provinces of the Netherlands unite to fight the Spanish

30
Q

why won’t the English get involved in the Spanish Netherlands?

A

Mary Queen of Scots is the Catholic ruler and cousin of the English ruler Elizabeth who is supporting the Dutch financially but won’t fight for them until Mary dies

31
Q

Cadiz Raid

A

Elizabeth sends Sir Francis Drake in to burn Spanish ships

32
Q

Spanish Armada

A

wanted to kill Elizabeth, crushed by Protestant Wind

33
Q

results of the defeat of the Spanish Armada

A
  1. Spanish declines as greatest naval power; England rises
  2. 12 Years Truce
  3. Holland & England establish colonies in the new world
34
Q

12 Years Truce

A

divides the Netherlands into two parts (independent/Spanish)

35
Q

French Protestants

36
Q

Catherine de Medici’s sons cause how many civil wars during all of their reigns?

37
Q

leader of French Hugenots

A

Admiral de Coligne

38
Q

leader of French Catholics

A

Duke of Gee

39
Q

St. Bartholemeu Day Massacre

A

Catherine tries to eliminate the opposition

40
Q

Politiques

A

France should have 2 religions

41
Q

Jean Bodin

A

royal absolutism

42
Q

Bourbon Dynasty

A

starts when King Henry of Nevar becomes king of Poland

43
Q

Louis XIII’s chief minister

A

Cardinal Richelieu

44
Q

Louis XIII’s major goals

A
  1. make the king absolute monarch

2. make France the greatest nation in Europe

45
Q

how does Louis XIII plan to accomplish his goals?

A
  1. allow nobility to engage in commerce
  2. crush the Hugenot rebellion with Peace of Alais
  3. Anti Hapsburg Policy
46
Q

causes of the 30 Year War

A
  1. religious conflict

2. Spanish ambition

47
Q

Protestant Union

A

England, France, Holland

48
Q

Catholic Union

A

Bavaria, Austria, Spain

49
Q

Defenstration of Prague

A

emperors representatives thrown out the window

50
Q

Frederick V

A

elected of Palentein/head of the Protestant Union

made King of Bohemia

51
Q

Bohemian War winner

52
Q

leaders in the Danish War

A

King of Denmark & Duke of Holstein

53
Q

Albert of Wallenstein

A

commander of the HRE army who defeats Danes

54
Q

Danish War winner

55
Q

Edict of Restitution

A

issued after Danish War

says that all of the Catholic churches property that was lost must be restored

56
Q

leader of the Swedes in the Swedish War

A

Gustafos Aldophus

57
Q

goal of Aldophus

A

expand Sweden’s influence in Northern Germany

58
Q

Swedish War winner

A

Protestants despite Aldophus being killed

59
Q

Aldophus is killed in this battle

A

Battle of Lutzen

60
Q

Peace of Prague

A

ends Swedish War

emperor resends the Edict of Restitution

61
Q

leader of Swedes in Swedish-French War

A

Cardinal Richelieu

62
Q

most important battle in the Swedish-French War

A

Battle of Rocroi

63
Q

Treaty of Westphalia

A

ends the 30 Years War permanently

64
Q

results of the Treaty of Westphalia

A
  1. France gets Alsais
  2. German rulers gain the right to determine the official religion of their states
  3. Holland & Switzerland are recognized as independent countries
    4.
65
Q

results of 30 Years War

A
  1. ends movement of German unification

2. creates Staatssystem (the beginning of Int’l Law)

AP Euro (10 decks)

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