Chapter 6 Quiz

Question 1

How does oxygen retention affect cell radiosensitivity?

a.) decreases radiosensitivity
b.) eliminates radiosensitivity
c.) increases radiosensitivity
d.) has no effect on radiosensitivity

Answer 1

c.) increases radiosensitivity

Question 2

Which of the following is the correct sequence of stages during mitosis?

a.) prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
b.) prophase, telophase, metaphase, anaphase
c.) prophase, metaphase, telophase, anaphase
d.) prophase, anaphase, metaphase, telophase

Answer 2

a.) prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Question 3

Inorganic materials are compounds that:

a.) contain only very small amounts of carbon
b.) contain large amounts of carbon
c.) contain moderate amounts of carbon
d.) do not contain carbon

Answer 3

d.) do not contain carbon

Question 4

Nitrogenous base pairs form the:

a.) hormones needed by various endocrine glands
b.) sugars the body needs for energy
c.) “steps” of the DNA structure
d.) mitotic spindle

Answer 4

c.) “steps” of the DNA structure

Question 5

Approximately 80-85% of body weight is:

a.) fat
b.) bone
c.) water
d.) organs

Answer 5

c.) water

Question 6

Adenine bonds only with:

a.) cytosine
b.) thymine
c.) guanine
d.) hydrogen

Answer 6

b.) thymine

Question 7

__________ occurs before mitosis.

a.) interphase
b.) metaphase
c.) telophase
d.) anaphase

Answer 7

a.) interphase

Question 8

Mitosis occurs with:

a.) germ cells
b.) somatic cells

Answer 8

b.) somatic cells

Question 9

Tissue is ________ radiosensitive under high oxygen conditions and ______________ radiosensitive under hypoxic conditions.

a.) less, more
b.) more, less
c.) more, equally
d.) less, equally

Answer 9

b.) more, less

Question 10

Adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine are:

a.) proteins
b.) sugars
c.) nitrogenous bases
d.) nucleic acids

Answer 10

c.) nitrogenous bases

Question 11

DNA is a ____________.

a.) electrolyte
b.) nucleic acid
c.) inorganic compound
d.) protein

Answer 11

b.) nucleic acid

Question 12

Which of the following may be observed during metaphase using a microscope:

a.) soma
b.) cellular apotosis
c.) cellular instant death
d.) structural changes in the chromosome or chromatoids

Answer 12

d.) structural changes in the chromosome or chromatoids

Question 13

Which of the following is true for linear energy transfer?

a.) low LET applies only to x radiation and does not cause any damage to cells
b.) it only occurs during diagnostic xray procedures
c.) it is the same for all types of radiation
d.) it varies for different types of radiation

Answer 13

d.) it varies for different types of radiation

Question 14

DNA is typically not visible during mitosis until it reaches ____________.

a.) interphase
b.) anaphase
c.) metaphase
d.) telophase

Answer 14

c.) metaphase

Question 15

Lipids are also referred to as:

a.) amino acids
b.) carbs
c.) fats
d.) sugars

Answer 15

c.) fats

Question 16

Alpha and beta particles are similar to xrays and gamma rays in that they:

a.) have characteristics of wavelength and frequency
b.) have no mass
c.) are part of the electromagnetic spectrum
d.) have the energy to ionize matter

Answer 16

d.) have the energy to ionize matter

Question 17

When a cell divides, the genetic containing material contracts into tiny rod shaped bodies called:

a.) nucleotides
b.) ribosomes
c.) mitochondria
d.) chromosomes

Answer 17

d.) chromosomes

Question 18

During which of the following subphases of mitosis do the centrioles migrate to opposite sides of the cell and begin to regulate the formation of the mitotic spindle?

a.) telophase
b.) prophase
c.) anaphase
d.) metaphase

Answer 18

b.) prophase

Question 19

During what phase of mitosis are the centromeres severed followed by the sister chromatids moving apart and are then subsequently pulled toward opposite poles of the mitotic spindle?

a.) telophase
b.) metaphase
c.) anaphase
d.) prophase

Answer 19

c.) anaphase

Question 20

DNA

a.) is involved with cell respiration
b.) assist in digesting old, worn out cell parts, dead cells, bacteria and foriegn materials
c.) passes genetic information from cell to cell, and ultimately from generation to generation
d.) is involved with cell secretion

Answer 20

c.) passes genetic information from cell to cell, and ultimately from generation to generation

Question 21

Chromosome produced radiation damage can be analyzed during which portion of the cell cycle?

a.) anaphase
b.) prophase
c.) telophase
d.) metaphase

Answer 21

d.) metaphase

Question 22

Protein synthesis (making of proteins) occurs in which of the following locations?

a.) endoplasmic reticulum
b.) nucleus
c.) ribosomes
d.) mitochondria

Answer 22

c.) ribosomes

Question 23

Which of the following is a process of reduction cell division?

a.) meiosis
b.) mitosis
c.) molecular synthesis
d.) amniocentesis

Answer 23

a.) meiosis

Question 24

The master molecule in a cell that tells each part what to do is the:

a.) ribosomes
b.) DNA
c.) endoplasmic reticulum
d.) mitochondria

Answer 24

b.) DNA

Question 25

LET is defined as the:

a.) the ionization process
b.) increased sensitivity of cells, tissues and organs in an aerated enviroment
c.) the capability of a specified radiation to produce a particular biologic response
d.) amount of energy deposited per unit length of path travel

Answer 25

d.) amount of energy deposited per unit length of path travel

Question 26

A cell in is _________ when it is not undergoing mitosis or meiosis.

a.) prophase
b.) interphase
c.) anaphase
d.) telophase

Answer 26

b.) interphase

Question 27

Human cells contain which four major organic compounds?

a.) nucleic acids, water, protien, electrolytes
b.) carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acid, and water
c.) proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and water
d.) electrolytes, carbohydrates, lipids and proteins

Answer 27

c.) proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and water

Question 28

It is during mitosis that cells are most:

a.) radioresistant
b.) mature
c.) radiosensitive
d.) anabolic

Answer 28

c.) radiosensitive

Question 29

Humans should have a total of ____________ chromosomes.

a.) 46
b.) 24
c.) 48
d.) 23

Answer 29

a.) 46

Question 30

The primary purpose of carbohydrates is:

a.) to insulate and protects organs
b.) to act as the basic unit of hereditary
c.) to provide fuel for cell metabolism
d.) to act as a long term storage for energy

Answer 30

c.) to provide fuel for cell metabolism

Question 31

The type of cell division involving somatic cells in which a parent cell divides to create two daughter cells that contain the saem chromosomes number and DNA content as the parent is termed.

a.) meiosis
b.) interphase
c.) mitosis
d.) s phase

Answer 31

c.) mitosis

Question 32

_____________ takes the instructions from the DNA to other parts of the cell.

a.) RNA
b.) tRNA
c.) tRNA
d.) mRNA

Answer 32

d.) mRNA