Chapter 6 Quiz Flashcards
How does oxygen retention affect cell radiosensitivity?
a.) decreases radiosensitivity
b.) eliminates radiosensitivity
c.) increases radiosensitivity
d.) has no effect on radiosensitivity
c.) increases radiosensitivity
Which of the following is the correct sequence of stages during mitosis?
a.) prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
b.) prophase, telophase, metaphase, anaphase
c.) prophase, metaphase, telophase, anaphase
d.) prophase, anaphase, metaphase, telophase
a.) prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
Inorganic materials are compounds that:
a.) contain only very small amounts of carbon
b.) contain large amounts of carbon
c.) contain moderate amounts of carbon
d.) do not contain carbon
d.) do not contain carbon
Nitrogenous base pairs form the:
a.) hormones needed by various endocrine glands
b.) sugars the body needs for energy
c.) “steps” of the DNA structure
d.) mitotic spindle
c.) “steps” of the DNA structure
Approximately 80-85% of body weight is:
a.) fat
b.) bone
c.) water
d.) organs
c.) water
Adenine bonds only with:
a.) cytosine
b.) thymine
c.) guanine
d.) hydrogen
b.) thymine
__________ occurs before mitosis.
a.) interphase
b.) metaphase
c.) telophase
d.) anaphase
a.) interphase
Mitosis occurs with:
a.) germ cells
b.) somatic cells
b.) somatic cells
Tissue is ________ radiosensitive under high oxygen conditions and ______________ radiosensitive under hypoxic conditions.
a.) less, more
b.) more, less
c.) more, equally
d.) less, equally
b.) more, less
Adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine are:
a.) proteins
b.) sugars
c.) nitrogenous bases
d.) nucleic acids
c.) nitrogenous bases
DNA is a ____________.
a.) electrolyte
b.) nucleic acid
c.) inorganic compound
d.) protein
b.) nucleic acid
Which of the following may be observed during metaphase using a microscope:
a.) soma
b.) cellular apotosis
c.) cellular instant death
d.) structural changes in the chromosome or chromatoids
d.) structural changes in the chromosome or chromatoids
Which of the following is true for linear energy transfer?
a.) low LET applies only to x radiation and does not cause any damage to cells
b.) it only occurs during diagnostic xray procedures
c.) it is the same for all types of radiation
d.) it varies for different types of radiation
d.) it varies for different types of radiation
DNA is typically not visible during mitosis until it reaches ____________.
a.) interphase
b.) anaphase
c.) metaphase
d.) telophase
c.) metaphase
Lipids are also referred to as:
a.) amino acids
b.) carbs
c.) fats
d.) sugars
c.) fats
Alpha and beta particles are similar to xrays and gamma rays in that they:
a.) have characteristics of wavelength and frequency
b.) have no mass
c.) are part of the electromagnetic spectrum
d.) have the energy to ionize matter
d.) have the energy to ionize matter
When a cell divides, the genetic containing material contracts into tiny rod shaped bodies called:
a.) nucleotides
b.) ribosomes
c.) mitochondria
d.) chromosomes
d.) chromosomes
During which of the following subphases of mitosis do the centrioles migrate to opposite sides of the cell and begin to regulate the formation of the mitotic spindle?
a.) telophase
b.) prophase
c.) anaphase
d.) metaphase
b.) prophase
During what phase of mitosis are the centromeres severed followed by the sister chromatids moving apart and are then subsequently pulled toward opposite poles of the mitotic spindle?
a.) telophase
b.) metaphase
c.) anaphase
d.) prophase
c.) anaphase
DNA
a.) is involved with cell respiration
b.) assist in digesting old, worn out cell parts, dead cells, bacteria and foriegn materials
c.) passes genetic information from cell to cell, and ultimately from generation to generation
d.) is involved with cell secretion
c.) passes genetic information from cell to cell, and ultimately from generation to generation
Chromosome produced radiation damage can be analyzed during which portion of the cell cycle?
a.) anaphase
b.) prophase
c.) telophase
d.) metaphase
d.) metaphase
Protein synthesis (making of proteins) occurs in which of the following locations?
a.) endoplasmic reticulum
b.) nucleus
c.) ribosomes
d.) mitochondria
c.) ribosomes
Which of the following is a process of reduction cell division?
a.) meiosis
b.) mitosis
c.) molecular synthesis
d.) amniocentesis
a.) meiosis
The master molecule in a cell that tells each part what to do is the:
a.) ribosomes
b.) DNA
c.) endoplasmic reticulum
d.) mitochondria
b.) DNA
LET is defined as the:
a.) the ionization process
b.) increased sensitivity of cells, tissues and organs in an aerated enviroment
c.) the capability of a specified radiation to produce a particular biologic response
d.) amount of energy deposited per unit length of path travel
d.) amount of energy deposited per unit length of path travel
A cell in is _________ when it is not undergoing mitosis or meiosis.
a.) prophase
b.) interphase
c.) anaphase
d.) telophase
b.) interphase
Human cells contain which four major organic compounds?
a.) nucleic acids, water, protien, electrolytes
b.) carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acid, and water
c.) proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and water
d.) electrolytes, carbohydrates, lipids and proteins
c.) proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and water
It is during mitosis that cells are most:
a.) radioresistant
b.) mature
c.) radiosensitive
d.) anabolic
c.) radiosensitive
Humans should have a total of ____________ chromosomes.
a.) 46
b.) 24
c.) 48
d.) 23
a.) 46
The primary purpose of carbohydrates is:
a.) to insulate and protects organs
b.) to act as the basic unit of hereditary
c.) to provide fuel for cell metabolism
d.) to act as a long term storage for energy
c.) to provide fuel for cell metabolism
The type of cell division involving somatic cells in which a parent cell divides to create two daughter cells that contain the saem chromosomes number and DNA content as the parent is termed.
a.) meiosis
b.) interphase
c.) mitosis
d.) s phase
c.) mitosis
_____________ takes the instructions from the DNA to other parts of the cell.
a.) RNA
b.) tRNA
c.) tRNA
d.) mRNA
d.) mRNA
