Chapter 6 Cardiovascular System Flashcards
1
Q
Angi/o
A
Vessel
2
Q
Necr/o
A
Death
3
Q
Aort/o
A
Aorta
4
Q
Ox/o
A
Oxygen (O2)
5
Q
Arter/o
A
Artery
6
Q
Pericardi/o
A
Pericardium
7
Q
Arteri/o
A
Artery
8
Q
Phleb/o
A
Vein
9
Q
Ather/o
A
Plaque (Fatty Substance)
10
Q
Sphygm/o
A
Pulse
11
Q
Atri/o
A
Atrium
12
Q
Steth/o
A
Chest
13
Q
Capn/o
A
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
14
Q
Thorac/o
A
Chest
15
Q
Cardi/o
A
Heart
16
Q
Thromb/o
A
Clot
17
Q
Cholesterol/o
A
Cholesterol
18
Q
Valv/o
A
Valve
19
Q
Coron/o
A
Heart
20
Q
Valvul/o
A
Valve
21
Q
Cyan/o
A
Blue
22
Q
Vascul/o
A
Vessel
23
Q
Electr/o
A
Electricity
24
Q
Vaso
A
Vessel; Vas Deferes; Duct
25
Hem/o
Blood
26
Ven/o
Vein
27
Isch/o
To Hold Back; Back
28
Ven/o
Vein
29
Man/o
Pressure
30
Ventricul/o
Ventricle
31
My/o
Muscle
32
brady-
slow
33
inter-
between
34
endo-
in; within
35
peri-
surrounding; around
36
hyper-
above; excessive; increased
37
tachy-
fast
38
hypo-
deficient; below; under; less than normal; decreased
39
-al, -ar, -ic, -ous
pertaining to
40
-oma
tumor; mass; collection of fluid
41
-centesis
surgical puncture to remove fluid
42
-osis
abnormal condition
43
-ectomy
removal; excision; resection
44
-oxia
oxygen
45
-emia
blood condition
46
-pathy
disease condition
47
-gram
record
48
-plasty
surgical repair
49
-graph
instrument for recording
50
-rrhaphy
suture
51
-graphy
process of recording
52
-sclerosis
hardening
53
-ia
condition
54
-ole
small; little
55
-itis
inflammation
56
-stenosis
tightening; narrow; stricture
57
-lysis
breakdown; destruction; separation; loosening
58
-tesion
pressure
59
-megaly
enlargement
60
-tomy
incision; process of cutting
61
-meter
measure
62
0ule
small; little
63
AF
Atrial Fibrillation
64
HR
Heart Rate
65
AS
Aortic Stenosis
66
MI
Myocardial Infarction
67
BP
Blood Pressure
68
MVP
Mitral Valve Prolapse
69
bpm
Beats Per Minute/Breaths Per Minute
70
O2
Oxygen
71
CHF
Congestive Heart Failure
72
PAC
Premature Atrial Contraction
73
CO2
Carbon Dioxide
74
PDA
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
75
CVS
Cardiovascular System
76
PVC
Premature Ventricular Contraction
77
CVP
Central Venous Pressure
78
V fib
Ventricular Fibrillation
79
ECHO
Echocardiogram
80
VPC
Ventricular Premature Contraction; Ventricular Premature Complexes
81
EKG
Electrocardiogram
82
VSD
Ventricular Septal Defect
83
H2O
Water
84
VT
Ventricular Tachycardia
85
ECG
Electrocardiogram
86
V tach
Ventricular Tachycardia
87
Endocardium
inner lining of he heart; lines chambers & valves within the heart
88
Myocardium
muscle layer of the heart
89
Pericardium
membrane surrounding the heart; made of visceral pericardium & parietal pericardium
90
Aorta
largest artery in the body
91
Aortic valve
valve between the left ventricle and aorta
92
Apex
pointed end of the heart
93
Artery
largest vessel in the body; carries blood away from the heart
94
Atrioventricular bundle
specialized muscle fibers in the interventricular septum; carry electrical impulses to ventricles (bundle of His)
95
Atrioventricular node (AV node)
specialized tissue in the interatrial septum; carries impulses from the SA node to AV node
96
Atrioventricular valves (AV valves)
valves between atria and ventricles
97
Atrium (plural: atria)
two upper heart chambers
98
Base
cranial portion of the heart
99
Bicuspid valve
valve between left atrium and left ventricle; mitral valve or left AV valve
100
Capillaries
smallest blood vessels
101
Carbon dioxide
gas released by tissue cells and transported to the heart and lungs for exhalation
102
Coronary arteries
supply blood and oxygen to the myocardium
103
Deoxygenated blood
oxygen poor blood
104
Diastole
relaxation phase of the heartbeat
105
Endothelium
epithelial cells lining the heart cavities and vessls
106
Oxygen
gas that enters the blood through the lungs and travels to the heart to be pumped to the rest of the body
107
Oxygenated blood
oxygen rich blood
108
Pulmonary artery
artery that carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs
109
Pulmonary circulation
flow of blood from the heart, to the lungs, and back to the heart
110
Pulmonary valve
valve between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery
111
Pulmonary veins
veins that carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart
112
Pulse
heartbeat felt through the walls of the arteries
113
Semilunar valves
valves between the entrances of the aorta and pulmonary artery (shaped like half moon)
114
Septum
partition
115
Sinoatrial node
pacemaker of the heart
116
Sinus rhythm
normal heart rhythm
117
Systemic circulation
flow of blood from the body cells to the heart and back out to the body cells
118
Systole
contraction phase of the heart
119
Valves
structures in veins and in the heart that temporarily close an opening so that blood can flow in one direction
120
Vein
thin walled vessel that carries blood towards the heart
121
Vena cavae (singular: vena cava)
larges vein in the body
122
Ventricles
two lower chambers of the heart
123
Aneurysm
sac (dilation) formed by weakening of a blood vessel
| can lead to hemorrhage and stroke
124
Arrhythmia
abnormal heart rhythm
125
Asystole
without contraction; lack of heart activity
126
Atherosclerosis
hardening of arteries due to plaque buildup
127
Ausculatation
listening w/ a stethoscope to sounds within the body
128
Cardiac hypertrophy
enlargement of the heart due to increased cell size
129
Cardiac tamponade
compression of heart due to fluid or blood in the pericardial sac
130
Congenital heart disease (CHD)
abnormalities of the heart at birth
131
Congestive heart failure (CHF)
heart is unable to pump its required amount of blood
132
Capillary refill time (CRT)
time it takes for the mucous membranes to return to a normal pink color after applying finger pressure
133
Defibrillation
use of electrical shock to restore normal heart rhythm
134
Echocardiogram (ECHO)
high-frequency sound waves and echoes that produce and image of the heart
135
Embolism
blockage of a vessel by a clot or foreign material
136
Embolus (plural: emboli)
detached, moving clot
137
Fibrillation
rapid, random, and irregular contractions of the heart
138
Flutter
rapid but regular contractions of the atria and ventricles
139
Heartworm
infestation of the parasite Dirofilaria immitis in the right ventricle and pulmonary arteries
transmitted after a blood meal from a mosquito
140
Hypertension
increased blood pressure
141
Hypotension
decreased blood pressure
142
Hypoxia
decreased oxygen to tissues
143
Infarction
area of dead tissue
144
Ischemia
lack of blood flow to tissues
145
Mitral valve prolapse (MVP)
displacement of the bicuspid valve leading to incomplete closure of the valve during ventricular contraction
146
Murmur
extra heart sound
147
Occlusion
blockage; obstruction or closure of body passage
148
Patent
open; unobstructed (used for vessels and catheters)
149
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
condition in which the small duct between the aorta and pulmonary artery, which normally closes after birth, remains open
150
Perfusion (tissue perfusion)
passage of fluid through the blood vessels of a specific organ; blood flow through the tissue
151
Pericardial effusion
escape of fluid into the pericardial sac leading to cardiac tamponade
152
Premature ventricular contraction (PVC or VPC)
ventricles are triggered to contract by the Purkinje fibers rather that the SA node
153
Shock
inadequate tissue perfusion; blood pools in the capillaries to increase the blood volume of the pt, which decreases its flow to vital organs
154
Sphygmomanometer
instrument that measures arterial blood pressure
155
Stent
small expander inserted into tubular structures such as vessels to provide support and prevent collapse
156
Tetralogy of Fallot
congenital malformation of the heart that combines four structural defects; pulmonary artery stenosis, ventricular septal defect, aortic right shift, and right ventricular hypertrophy
157
Thrill
vibration felt on palpation of the chest; usually caused by turbulence in the heart
158
Thrombus (plural: thrombi)
stationary clot attached to the wall of a vessel
159
Ventricular septal defect (VSD)
small hole(s) in the interventricular septum; causes shunting of the blood and therefore deoxygenated blood is pumped to the rest of the body
160
Vasoconstriction
narrowing of a vessel
161
Vasodilation
expansion of a vessel
