Chapter 10 Endocrine System Flashcards
1
Q
Aden/o
A
Gland
2
Q
Keton/o
A
Ketone Bodies (Ketones)
3
Q
Adren/o
A
Adrenal Gland
4
Q
Lact/o
A
Milk
5
Q
Adrenal/o
A
Adrenal Gland
6
Q
Natr/o
A
Sodium
7
Q
Andr/o
A
Male
8
Q
Pancreat/o
A
Pancreas
9
Q
Calc/o
A
Calcium
10
Q
Parthyroid/o
A
Parathyroid Glands
11
Q
Cortic/o
A
Cortex (Outer Region)
12
Q
Phys/o
A
Growth; Growing
13
Q
Crin/o
A
To Secrete
14
Q
Pineal/o
A
Pineal Gland
15
Q
Dips/o
A
Thirst
16
Q
Pituitar/o
A
Pituitary
17
Q
Estr/o
A
Female
18
Q
Somat/o
A
Body
19
Q
Gluc/o
A
Sugar
20
Q
Ster/o
A
Solid Structure
21
Q
Glyc/o
A
Sugar
22
Q
Thym/o
A
Thymus Gland
23
Q
Gonad/o
A
Sex Glands
24
Q
Thyr/o
A
Thyroid Gland
25
Home/o
Sameness
26
Thyroid/o
Thyroid Gland
27
Hormon/o
Hormones
28
Toc/o
Childbirth
29
Insulin/o
Insulin
30
Toxic/o
Poison
31
Kal/i
Potassium
32
Ur/o
Urine; Urinary Tract
33
pan-
all
34
endo-
in; within
35
poly-
many; much
36
eu-
good; normal; true
37
tetra-
four
38
hyper-
above; excessive; increased
39
tri-
three
40
hypo-
below; deficient; decreased
41
Acr/o
Extremities
42
oxy-
rapid; sharp; acid
43
-agon
to assemble; gather
44
-megaly
enlargement
45
-al
pertaining to
46
-oid
resembling
47
-ectomy
removal; excision; resection
48
-oma
tumor; mass; collection of fluid
49
-emia
blood condition
50
-one
hormone
51
-emic
pertaining to a blood condition
52
-osis
abnormal condition
53
-gen
producing; forming
54
-pathy
disease condition
55
-in, -ine
a substance
56
-stasis
stopping; controlling
57
-ism
process; condition
58
-tomy
incision; process of cutting into
59
-ist
specialist
60
-tropic
turning
61
-itis
inflammation
62
-tropin
stimulate; act on
63
-logy
study of
64
ACTH
Adrenocoricotropic Hormone
65
K
Potassium
66
ADH
Antiduretic Hormone
67
LDDS
Low Dose Dexamethasone Suppression Test
68
BG
Blood Glucose
69
LH
Luteinizing Hormone
70
Ca
Calcium
71
Mg
Magnesium
72
Cl
Chloride
73
Na
Sodium
74
DI
Diabetes Insipidus
75
OT
Oxytocin
76
DKA
Diabetic Ketoacidosis
77
PRL
Prolactin
78
DM
Diabetes Mellitus
79
PTH
Parathormone
80
FBS
Fasting Blood Sugar
81
PU/PD
Polyuria/Polydipsia
82
FSH
Follicle-stimulating Hormone
83
RAI
Radioactive Iodine; Treatment for hyperthyroidism
84
GH
Growth Hormone
85
T3
Triiodothyronine
86
GTT
Glucose Tolerance Tesst
87
T4
Thyroxine; Tetraiodothythronine
88
HDDS
High Dose Dexamethasone Suppression Test
89
TSH
Thyroid-stimulating Hormone
90
Adrenal glands
pair of suprarenal glands that are made up of a cortex and medulla
91
Adrenal cortex
outer section of adrenal gland that secretes corticosteroids
92
Adrenal medulla
inner section of the adrenal gland that secretes catecholamines
93
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
hormone produced by the anterior pituitary; stimulates the adrenal cortex
94
Aldosterone
produced by the adrenal cortex; controls sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion
95
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
hormone produced by the posterior pituitary that controls reabsorption of water by the kidneys; aka vasopressin
96
Calcitonin
hormone produced by the thyroid gland to regulate calcium levels
97
Catecholamines
hormones derived from amino acids secreted from the adrenal medulla; epinephrine & norepinephrine
98
Corticosteroids
hormones derived from fats and secreted by the adrenal cortex; glucocorticoids & mineralcorticoids (steriods)
99
Cortisol
glucocorticoid produced by the adrenal cortex to regulate metabolism of carbs , fats, and lipids; increases blood glucose
100
Electrolytes
chemical substances necessary for proper functioning of cells; potassium, chloride, phosphorus, magnesium, calcium
101
Epinephrine
catecholamine produced by the adrenal medulla to increase blood pressure, heart rate, and blood glucose; aka adrenaline
102
Estrogen
hormone produced by the ovaries; responsible for female secondary sex characteristics
103
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
hormone produced by pituitary to stimulate maturation of ovum
104
Glucagon
hormone produced by pancreas to increase blood sugar
105
Glucocorticoids
corticosteroids that regulate metabolism of carbs, fats, and proteins; have an anti-inflammatory effect
106
Glycogen
stored starch form of glucose in liver
107
Gonadotropins
hormones that stimulate the gonads
108
Growth hormone (GH)
produced by the anterior pituitary to stimulate growth of bones and tissues; aka somatotropin
109
Homeostasis
state of equilibrium of the body's internal environment
110
Hormone
chemical messengers that have a lock and key effect in which they bind to sites on other organs and tissues to trigger an action
111
Insulin
hormone produced by the pancreas to decrease blood sugar
112
Ketones
acid by-products of fat metabolism
113
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
produced by the anterior pituitary to promote ovulation
114
Mineralocorticoid
corticosteroids produced by the adrenal cortex to regulate electrolytes and water balance
115
Norepinephrine
catecholamine produced by the adrenal medulla to promote vasoconstriction, increase blood pressure, and heart rate
116
Melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH)
hormone released by the anterior pituitary and stimulates the production of melanin
117
Ovaries
pair of female organs on either side of the pelvis that produce estrogen and progesterone
118
Oxytocin
hormone produced by the posterior pituitary to stimulate the uterus to contract and secrete milk
119
Pancreas
endocrine gland that secretes insulin and glucagon to regulate blood glucose
120
Parathormone (PTH)
hormone produced by the parathyroid glands to regulate calcium and phosphorus
121
Parathyroid glands
four small endocrine glands on the posterior aspect of the thyroid gland that regulate calcium
122
Pituitary gland
endocrine gland at the base of the brain made of an anterior and posterior portion; aka "master gland"; produces ADH, Oxytocin, ACTH, FSH, GH, LH, MSH, PRL, TSH
123
Hypothalamus
portion of the brain that secretes releasing and inhibiting factors that affect the pituitary
124
Progesterone
hormone produced by the ovaries during pregnancy to protect the embryo and stimulate lactation
125
Prolactin (PRL)
produced by the anterior pituitary; stimulates milk secretion
126
Testes
male gonads that produce spermatozoa and the hormone testosterone
127
Testoterone
hormone produced by the testes; responsible for male sex characteristics
128
Thyroid gland
endocrine gland in the neck that produces thyroid hormones which help regulate metabolism and stores iodine
129
Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
produced by the anterior pituitary and stimulates the thyroid to produce thyroid hormones
130
Thyoxine (T4)
produced by the thyroid to regulate metabolism; aka tetraiodothyronine
131
Triiodothyronine (T3)
produced by the thyroid to regulate metabolism
132
Thymus gland
organ in the cranial mediastinum that produces and stores lymphocytes
133
Dexamethasone suppression test
test that measures the body's response to a dexamethasone injection to diagnose Cushing's and its cause
134
Diabetes insipidus (DI)
metabolic disorder causing a lack of anti-diuretic hormone secretion
135
Diabetes mellitus (DM)
disorder characterized by a lack of insulin secretion or a rsistance to insulin
136
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
low blood pH due to a build up of ketones in diabetics
137
Glucose curve
test used to diagnose DM; monitor blood glucose changes in a 24 hr period
138
Hyperadrenocorticism
disease in which excessive cortisol is produced by adrenal cortex; Cushing's Disease
139
Hypoadrenocorticism
disease causing a lack of cortisol secretion by the adrenal cortex; Addison's Disease
140
Hypercrinism
condition of excessive secretion from a gland
141
Hypocrinism
condition of deficient secretion from a gland
142
Hypergonadism
excessive hormone secretionfromthe gonads
143
Hypogonadism
deficient hormone secretion from the gonads
144
Hyperinsulinism
deficient insulin secretion from the pancreas
145
Hyperparathyroidism
excessive secretion of parathormone from the parathyroid
146
Hypoparathyroidism
deficient secretion of parathormone from the parathyroid
147
Hyperpituitarism
excessive secretion from the pituitary
148
Hypopituitarism
deficient secretion from the pituitary
149
Hyperthyroidism
excessive hormone secretion from the thyroid gland; most common in cats
150
Hypothyroidism
deficient hormone secretion from the thyroid gland; most common in dogs
151
Insulinoma
tumor on the pancreas causing excessive secretion of insulin; most common in ferrets
152
Panhypopituitarism
hypopituitarism due to an absence of the pituitary gland
153
Pheochromocytoma
tumor in the adrenal medulla causing excessive secretion of catecholamines
154
Piruitarism
any disorder of the pituitary gland
155
T3 suppression test
administration of T3 to diagnose borderline hyperthyroidism
156
Thyrotoxicosis
excessive, life threatening amounts of thyroid hormones
