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Veterinary Medical Terminology > Chapter 12 Nervous System > Flashcards

Chapter 12 Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

I. Olfactory nerve

A

Smell

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2
Q

Alges/o

A

Sensitivity to pain

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3
Q

II. Optic nerve

A

Vision

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4
Q

Arachn/o

A

Arachnoid Membrane

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5
Q

III. Oculomotor nerve

A

Movement of eyes

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6
Q

Astr/o

A

Star

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7
Q

IV. Trochlear nerve

A

Movement of eyes

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8
Q

Ax/o

A

Axis; Main Stem

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9
Q

V. Trigeminal nerve

A

Based on its name, this nerve has three branches:
Ophthalmic- Corneal Senses
Maxillary- Upper jaw movement\
Mandibular- Upper jaw movement

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10
Q

Caus/o

A

Burning

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11
Q

VI. Abducent nerve

A

Movement of eyes

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12
Q

Caust/o

A

Burning

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13
Q

VII. Facial nerve

A

Movement of face

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14
Q

Cephal/o

A

Head

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15
Q

VIII. Vestibulocochlear nerve

A

Hearing and balance

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16
Q

Cerebell/o

A

Cerebellum

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17
Q

IX. Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Tongue taste

Throat movement

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18
Q

Cerebr/o

A

Cerebrum

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19
Q

X. Vagus nerve

A

Throat
Voice box
Chest movement
Abdominal sensations

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20
Q

Comat/o

A

Deep Sleep; Coma

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21
Q

XI. Accessory nerve

A

Neck and shoulder movement

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22
Q

Concuss/o

A

Shaken Together Violently

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23
Q

XII. Hypoglossal nerve

A

Tongue movement

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24
Q

Contus/o

A

Bruise

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25
Q

Hemat/o

A

Blood

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26
Q

Crani/o

A

Skull; Cranium

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27
Q

Hydr/o

A

Fluid; Water

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28
Q

Dendr/o

A

Dendrite

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29
Q

Kines/o

A

Movement

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30
Q

Dur/o

A

Dura Mater

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31
Q

Mening/o

A

Meninges

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32
Q

Electr/o

A

Electricity

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33
Q

Meningi/o

A

Meninges

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34
Q

Encephal/o

A

Brain

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35
Q

My/o

A

Muscle

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36
Q

Esthesi/o

A

Nervous Sensation

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37
Q

Myel/o

A

Spinal Cord; Bone Marrow

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38
Q

Gangli/o

A

Ganglion; Collection of Nerve Cell Bodies

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39
Q

Narc/o

A

Sleep; Stupor; Numbness

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40
Q

Ganglion/o

A

Ganglion; Collection of Nerve Cell Bodies

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41
Q

Neur/o

A

Nerve

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42
Q

Gli/o

A

Neuroglial Tissue; Glue

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43
Q

Plex/o

A

Plexus; Network of Nerves

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44
Q

Gyr/o

A

Folding

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45
Q

Pont/o

A

Pons

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46
Q

a-, an-

A

no; not; without

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47
Q

Radicul/o

A

Nerve Root

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48
Q

brady-

A

slow

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49
Q

Spin/o

A

Spine

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50
Q

cata-

A

down

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51
Q

Sulc/o

A

Groove

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52
Q

epi-

A

above; upon; on

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53
Q

Synaps/o

A

Synapse

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54
Q

hemi-

A

half

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55
Q

Synapt/o

A

Synapse

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56
Q

hyper-

A

increased; excessive; above

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57
Q

Syncop/o

A

To Cut Off; Cut Short; Fainting

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58
Q

hypo-

A

deficient; below; under; less than normal

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59
Q

Tax/o

A

Coordination; Order

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60
Q

micro-

A

small

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61
Q

Thalam/o

A

Thalamus

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62
Q

mono-

A

one

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63
Q

Thec/o

A

Sheath

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64
Q

oligo-

A

scanty

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65
Q

Vag/o

A

Vagus Nerve

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66
Q

par-

A

other than; abnormal

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67
Q

Vertebr/o

A

Vertebrae

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68
Q

para-

A

near; beside; abnormal; apart from; along the side of

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69
Q

inter-

A

between

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70
Q

polio-

A

grey matter

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71
Q

intra-

A

within; into

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72
Q

poly-

A

many; much

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73
Q

macro-

A

large

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74
Q

quadri-

A

four

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75
Q

-al, -ar, -ic

A

pertaining to

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76
Q

sub-

A

under; below

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77
Q

-algesia

A

sensitivity to pain

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78
Q

tetra-

79
Q

-algia

80
Q

-lepsy

81
Q

-cele

82
Q

-malacia

83
Q

-cyte

84
Q

-oma

A

tumor; mass; collection of fluid

85
Q

-ectomy

A

removal; excision; resection

86
Q

-ose

A

pertaining to; full of; sugar

87
Q

-esthesia

A

nervous sensaation

88
Q

-paresis

A

slight paralysis

89
Q

-graphy

A

process of recording

90
Q

-pathy

A

disease condition

91
Q

-ia

92
Q

-plasia

A

development; formation; growth

93
Q

-itis

A

inflammation

94
Q

-plegia

A

paralysis; palsy

95
Q

-kinesia

96
Q

-rrhaphy

97
Q

-kinesis

98
Q

-sthenia

99
Q

-kinetic

100
Q

-tomy

A

incision; process of cutting

101
Q

-y

A

condition; process

102
Q

ANS

A

Autonomic Nervous System

103
Q

ICP

A

Intracranial Pressure

104
Q

BBB

A

Blood Brain Barrier

105
Q

LP

A

Lumbar Puncture

106
Q

BSE

A

Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (Mad Cow Disease)

107
Q

MG

A

Myasthenia Gravis

108
Q

CAE

A

Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis Virus

109
Q

MRI

A

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

110
Q

CNS

A

Central Nervous System

111
Q

PEM

A

Polioencephalomalacia

112
Q

CSF

A

Cerebrospinal Fluid

113
Q

PET

A

Positron Emission Tomography

114
Q

CT

A

Computed Tomography

115
Q

PNS

A

Peripheral Nervous System

116
Q

CVA

A

Cerebrovascular Accident (Stroke)

117
Q

Sz

118
Q

EEG

A

Electroencephalogram

119
Q

TEME

A

Thromboembolic Meningoencephalitis

120
Q

Cat Scan

A

Computed Tomography

121
Q

TME

A

Thromboembolic Meningoencepalitis

122
Q

Autonomic nervous system (ANS

A

nerves that control involuntary functions of muscles, glands and viscera

123
Q

Arachnoid membrane

A

middle layer of the meninges

124
Q

Axon

A

fiber that carries the nervous impulse along the nerve cell

125
Q

Blood brain barrier (BBB)

A

capillaries that allow certain substances to enter the brain while keeping other substances out

126
Q

Brainstem

A

consists of the pons, medulla oblongata, interbrain, and midbrain. connects brain to spinal cord

127
Q

Cauda equina

A

nerve roots leaving the caudal end of the spinal cord

128
Q

Cell body

A

portion of the nerve cell that contains the nucleus

129
Q

Central nervous system (CNS)

A

brain and spinal cord

130
Q

Cerebral cortex

A

outer section of the cerebrum

131
Q

Cerebrum

A

largest part of the brain responsible for voluntary muscle movements, speech, vision, hearing, thought, memory, and taste

132
Q

Cerebellum

A

second largest part of the brain; responsible for balance and coordination

133
Q

Conscious

A

awake, alert, aware, responsive

134
Q

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

A

fluid circulating throughout the brain and spinal cord

135
Q

Dendrites

A

first part of the nerve cell to receive the stimulus

136
Q

Dura mater

A

tough, outermost layer of the meninges

137
Q

Ganglion (plural: ganglia)

A

collection of nerve cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system

138
Q

Hippocampus

A

portion of the brain responsible for orientation and emotional responses

139
Q

Hypothalamus

A

portion of the interbrain that controls the pituitary gland, body temp, emotions, sleep, thirst, and hunger

140
Q

Innervation

A

supply of nerves to a part of the body

141
Q

Medulla oblongata

A

stem-like structure of the brainstem connecting the brain to the spinal cord; responsible for breathing, heart function, and blood pressure

142
Q

Meninges

A

three protective layers surrounding the brain and spinal cord

143
Q

Motor nerves (efferent nerves)

A

nerves that carry impulses away from the brain and spinal cord

144
Q

Myelin sheath

A

protective, fatty tissue around the axon of a nerve cell

145
Q

Nerve

A

macroscopic cord-like structure made up of nerve cells

146
Q

Neuron

A

nerve cell

147
Q

Neurotransmitter

A

chemical messenger released from a neuron to stimulate or inhibit another nerve or target cell

148
Q

Parasympathetic nervous system

A

portion of autonomic nervous system responsible for normal body function; heart and respiratory rate

149
Q

Peripheral nervous system

A

portion of nervous system consisting of cranial nerves, spinal nerves, and autonomic nervous system

150
Q

Pia mater

A

innermost, delicate layer of the meninges which adheres to the brain and spinal cord

151
Q

Plexus

A

large, interlacing network of nerves; named based on their locations

152
Q

Pons

A

contains nerve fibers that allow the cerebrum and cerebellum

153
Q

Propioception

A

knowing where your limbs are in space

154
Q

Sensory nerves (afferent)

A

nerves that carry impulses toward the brain and spinal cord

155
Q

Sympathetic nervous system

A

portion of the autonomic nervous system responsible for the “fight or flight” response

156
Q

Thalamus

A

relay point of the brain where sensory and motor impulses are received and then redirected to the appropriate part of the cerebrum

157
Q

Ventricles of the brain

A

spaces in the interbrain that contains CSF

158
Q

Aneurysm

A

localized widening of a blood vessel

159
Q

Ataxia

A

lack of coordination

160
Q

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE)

A

spongy degeneration of the brain and spinal cord causing ataxia, anorexia, aggression, and eventually death (mad cow)

161
Q

Caprine arthritis encephalitis (CAE)

A

multisystem viral disease causing ataxia, paralysis, arthritis, and pneumonia

162
Q

Cataplexy

A

idiopathic condition causing sudden loss of skeletal muscle function due to extreme excitement, sexual activity, or vigorous exercise

163
Q

Cerebellar hypoplasia

A

degeneration or loss of cells in the cerebellum causing ataxia

164
Q

Cerebrovascular accident

A

disruption in the normal blood supply to the brain; stroke

165
Q

Concussion

A

violent shaking of the brain

166
Q

Contusion

A

bruise; injury to tissue w/o breaking the skin

167
Q

Contraindication

A

any condition that renders a particular treatment undesirable

168
Q

Epilepsy

A

idiopathic brain disorder characterized by recurrent seizures

169
Q

Horner’s syndrome

A

neurological disorder caused by paralysis of the cervical sympathetic nerve supply

170
Q

Hydrocephalus

A

abnormal accumulation of CSF in the ventricles of the brain (water on the brain)

171
Q

Lethargy

A

condition of drowsiness or indifference

172
Q

Myasthenia gravis

A

neuromuscular disorder characterized by weakness of the skeletal muscles

173
Q

Narcolepsy

A

condition causing sudden, uncontrollable sleep episodes

174
Q

Palliative

A

relieving symptoms, but not curing

175
Q

paralysis (palsy)

A

loss of motor function; may be partial or complete

176
Q

Seizure

A

sudden, involuntary contractions of voluntary muscles

177
Q

Spasticity

A

increased muscle tone

178
Q

Spina bifida

A

congenital anomaly in which the spinal canal fails to close around the spinal cord

179
Q

Stupor

A

partial unconsciousness and decreased response to stimuli

180
Q

Syncope

A

fainting or temporary loss of consciousness

181
Q

Thromboembolic meningoencephalitis (TEME)

A

systemic disease in cattle causing blindness, weakness, ataxia recumbency and eventually death

182
Q

Tremor

A

repetitive twitching of skeletal muscle

183
Q

Vestibular disease

A

idiopathic neurological disorder characterized by head tilt, circling, and rapid back-and-forth movement of the eyes

184
Q

Epidural space

A

space above the dura mater

185
Q

Subdural space

A

space below the dura mater

186
Q

Subarachnoid space

A

space below the arachnoid membrane where cerebrospinal fluid can be found

187
Q

Nodes of Ranvier

A

gaps between layers of myelin along the axon

188
Q

Synapse

A

space between neurons in which the nervous impulse passes

189
Q

Terminal end fibers

A

distal portion of the neuron where the impulse leaves the cell

190
Q

Astroglial cells (astrocytes)

A

cells that transport electrolytes and water between capillaries and neurons of the brain to form BBB; shaped like stars

191
Q

Microglial cells

A

phagocytic cells which protect the nervous system from infection

192
Q

Oligodendroglial cells

A

cells that form the myelin around the axon of the nerve cell

193
Q

Ependymal cells

A

cells that line the ventricles of the brain and surround the spinal cord, produce CSF

194
Q

Schwann cells

A

dual-action cells that form myelin around the axon and act as phagocytes against foreign organisms

Veterinary Medical Terminology (15 decks)

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