Chapter 6&7 Flashcards
The Human Person Flourishing in terms of Science and Technology
The utmost good of a person’s endeavor to accomplish a goal is to ___________.
flourish
According to ____________, what is beneficial for beings with intentions and goals is good for all entities. The existence of unique human beings, each with their logical mind and free will is a basic aspect of being _______.
Aristotle, human
It sees technology as essentially a tool.
Aristotelianism
According to _________, technology is the organization of ways to satisfy demands put forward by humanity. This may give the impression that technology mostly focuses on the result. The value assigned to a product based on its usage and impact on society will determine whether technology is beneficial or harmful
Aristotle
French philosopher ___________ strongly concurs with this viewpoint (Technological Pessimism)
Jacques Ellul
Technology is often referred to as a tool, but in this viewpoint, it has replace everyday life.
Technological Pessimism
The four points of Ellul’s pessimistic thesis are that
(1) technological advancement comes at a cost, (2) it causes additional difficulties,
(3) it has negative impacts, and
(4) it has unanticipated and terrible repercussions.
This viewpoint is highly supported by technologist, engineers, and regular people who believe that technology can cure all troubles and bring answers to future challenges.
Technological Optimism
It maintains that technology will still provide solutions even if technical difficulties develop.
Technological Optimism
The most extreme manifestation of this concept is __________________, which regards technology as the ultimate authority on everything.
technocratism
The major issue of this viewpoint is the existence or manner of being of someone or something guided by the authenticity rule.
Existentialism
This viewpoint primarily investigates the meaning of existence or being and is always confronted with the choice of which the existing must dedicate himself.
Existentialism
_______________ is a well-known supporter of existentialism.
Martin Heidegger
He has not stopped describing what technology is but has addressed its core. According to him, the true core of technology is enframing, the collecting of the setting upon which man is challenged to bring the concealed to the revealed, and this is a constant unveiling.
Martin Heidegger
____________________ , a well-known German philosopher, investigated two common definitions of technology: ___________________________
Martin Heidegger, a means to a goal and a human activity since he considered that both definitions were confused and that there were concerns that we often overlooked.
The material by which the silver chalice was made of: Silver
- Causa Materialis or the Material Cause
Aristotle’s Four Causes
- Causa Materialis or the Material Cause
- Causa Formalis or the Formal Cause
- Causa Finalis or the Final Cause
- Causa Efficiens or the Efficient Cause
The form or the shape that gave the silver chalice its image.
- Causa Formalis or the Formal Cause
The fundamental function for which the silver chalice was created was to hold the wine, which stands in for the blood of Christ, during Holy Communion.
- Causa Finalis or the Final Cause
The agent that has caused for the silver chalice to come about: the silversmith
- Causa Efficiens or the Efficient Cause
Certainly! Let’s delve into Aristotle’s Four Causes and how Martin Heidegger used the example of a silver chalice to illustrate them:
Aristotle proposed that there are four causes that explain why something exists or why it works the way it does. These causes are:
Material Cause: This refers to the material or substance from which something is made. For example, the material cause of a silver chalice is the silver itself.
Formal Cause: This refers to the specific form or structure that gives something its identity. In the case of a silver chalice, the formal cause includes its shape, design, and how it’s put together as a chalice.
Efficient Cause: This refers to the agent or force that brings something into being or causes it to change. It’s about what makes something happen. For the silver chalice, the efficient cause could be the silversmith who crafts it.
Final Cause: This refers to the purpose or end for which something exists or is done. It’s about the ultimate goal or function of something. In the case of the silver chalice, its final cause could be to hold liquid during religious ceremonies or special occasions.
Now, Heidegger used the example of a silver chalice to deepen his understanding of these causes. He suggested that the chalice exemplifies all four causes:
Material Cause: The silver chalice’s material cause is the silver itself, which forms its physical substance.
Formal Cause: The formal cause of the chalice lies in its shape, design, and overall structure, which make it recognizable as a chalice.
Efficient Cause: The efficient cause is the skilled craftsmanship of the silversmith who creates the chalice, shaping the silver into its form.
Final Cause: The final cause of the chalice is its intended purpose or function, such as holding liquid for religious rituals or ceremonies.
By using the example of the silver chalice, Heidegger illustrated how these four causes interplay to bring about the existence and purpose of an object, deepening our understanding of Aristotle’s philosophical framework.
FACTTTTT
The birth of the _____________ is attributed to each of the four factors.
silver chalice
__________ is the process of anything coming into being, and an outside force defines it. It is bringing something hidden into the open, transforming technology into both a means and a means of revelation.
Poiesis
The _________ created the silver chalice for the function for which it was intended.
silversmith