Chapter 6

Question 1

Frank-Starling mechanism

Answer 1

stroke volume of the heart increases proportionally to the volume of blood filling the heart

Question 2

Blood pressure

Answer 2

the force that is exerted by the blood on the vessels and drives blood through the circulatory system

Question 3

SBP and DBP

Answer 3

Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure

represent the pressure exerted on the vessels during ventricular systole (contraction) and diastole (relaxation)

Question 4

Increase in aerobic exercise

Answer 4

cardiac output, heart rate, stroke volume, mean arterial blood pressure, coronar artery diameter, and rate pressure product increase during exercise

Question 5

V(E)

Answer 5

Pulmonary minute ventilation

product of breathing rate (BR) and tidal volume (TV)

represents the amount of air moved into or out of the lungs in one minute

Ve (L/min)=BR x TV

Question 6

Cortisol

Answer 6

released from adrenal cortex, plays a direct role in metabolism

stimulates the conversion of proteins to be used by aerobic systems in glycolysis, and for maintenance of normal blood sugar. promote use of fats

Question 7

maximal oxygen uptake

Answer 7

aka VO2 max/ aerobic capacity

Question 8

adaptions to chronic aerobic training

Answer 8

increase in maximal cardiac output (results from increase in stroke volume

higher aerobic power

increase in blood volume (plasma and red blood cell volume)

increased density of capillaries per unit of muscle. alows for improved oxygen and substrate delivery

reduces resting blood pressure in hypertensive individuals

Question 9

stroke volume

Answer 9

stroke volume (SV) is the volume of blood pumped from the left ventricle per beat. … The term stroke volume can apply to each of the two ventricles of the heart, although it usually refers to the left ventricle.

Question 10

respiratory adaptations

Answer 10

ventilatory efficiency improves with aerobic endurance training; pulmonary minute ventilation decreases during submaximal exercise and increases during maximal exercise

Question 11

skeletal muscle adaptions to chronic aerobic exercise

Answer 11

increase in capillary supply, mitochondrial density, and enhancement in the activity of oxidative enzymes

more myoglobin

more capillaries=improve exchange of oxygen, nutrients and waste products between blood and working muscle

more mitochondria, more ATP

Question 12

metabolic adaptations to chronic aerobic exercise

Answer 12

increased reliance on fat, reduction in use of carbs, and increases in lactate threshold

Question 13

Body composition adaptations

Answer 13

cardio activity for less than 150 minutes=minimul weight loss

greater than 150 minutes=4.4-6 lbs per week