Chapter 6 Flashcards
inattentional blindness
failing to see visible objects when our attention is directed elsewhere
selective attention
the focusing of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus as in the cocktail party effect
visual capture
the tendency for vision to dominate the other senses
gestalt
an organized whole. gestalt psychologist emphasized our tendency to integrate pieces of information into meaningful wholes
figure ground
the organization of the visual field into objects that stand out from their surroundings
grouping
the perceptual tendency to organize stimuli into coherent groups
depth perception
the ability to see objects in three dimensions although the images that strike the retina are two dimensional, allows us to judge distance
visual cliff
a laboratory device for testing depth perception in infants and young animals
binocular cues
depth cues, such as retinal disparity and convergence that depend on the use of two eyes
retinal disparity
a binocular cue for perceiving depth, by comparing images from the two eyeballs, the brain computes distance, the greater the disparity between the two images, the closer the object
convergence
a binocular cue for perceiving depth, the extent to which the eyes converge inward when looking at an object, the greater the inward strain, the closer the object
monocular cues
depth cues, such as interposition and linear perspective, available to either eye alone
phi phenomenon
an illusion of movement created when two or more adjacent lights blink on and off in quick succession
perceptual constancy
perceiving objects as unchanging (having consistent lightness color and shape and size) even as illumination and retinal images change
perceptual adaptation
in vision, the ability to adjust to an artificially displaced or even inverted visual field
perceptual set
a mental predisposition to perceive one thing and not another
human factors psychology
a branch of psychology that explores how people and machines interact and how machines and physical environments can be made safe and easy to use
extrasensory perception (ESP)
the controversial claim that perception can occur apart from sensory input. Said to include telpathy, clairvoiyance, and precognition
Parapsychology
the study of paranormal phenomena, including ESP and psychokinesis
cocktail party effect
your ability to attend o]to only one voice among many, your name can be heard across the room into consciousness, comes at a cost
change blindness
when you lack awareness of happenings in visual environment, after brief interruption and a change, the viewers don’t notice
change deafness
people dont notice a change in voice if focused on something else
choice blindness
people are allowed to choose which picture is prettier and then they give them the opposite one and they cant tell the difference
choice blindness blindness
when you defend the reason you chose the wrong picture
pop-out phenomenon
a strikingly distinct stimulus
illusion
reveal teh way we organize and interpret our sensationis
