Chapter 6

Question 0

inattentional blindness

Answer 0

failing to see visible objects when our attention is directed elsewhere

Question 1

selective attention

Answer 1

the focusing of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus as in the cocktail party effect

Question 2

visual capture

Answer 2

the tendency for vision to dominate the other senses

Question 3

gestalt

Answer 3

an organized whole. gestalt psychologist emphasized our tendency to integrate pieces of information into meaningful wholes

Question 4

figure ground

Answer 4

the organization of the visual field into objects that stand out from their surroundings

Question 5

grouping

Answer 5

the perceptual tendency to organize stimuli into coherent groups

Question 6

depth perception

Answer 6

the ability to see objects in three dimensions although the images that strike the retina are two dimensional, allows us to judge distance

Question 7

visual cliff

Answer 7

a laboratory device for testing depth perception in infants and young animals

Question 8

binocular cues

Answer 8

depth cues, such as retinal disparity and convergence that depend on the use of two eyes

Question 9

retinal disparity

Answer 9

a binocular cue for perceiving depth, by comparing images from the two eyeballs, the brain computes distance, the greater the disparity between the two images, the closer the object

Question 10

convergence

Answer 10

a binocular cue for perceiving depth, the extent to which the eyes converge inward when looking at an object, the greater the inward strain, the closer the object

Question 11

monocular cues

Answer 11

depth cues, such as interposition and linear perspective, available to either eye alone

Question 12

phi phenomenon

Answer 12

an illusion of movement created when two or more adjacent lights blink on and off in quick succession

Question 13

perceptual constancy

Answer 13

perceiving objects as unchanging (having consistent lightness color and shape and size) even as illumination and retinal images change

Question 14

perceptual adaptation

Answer 14

in vision, the ability to adjust to an artificially displaced or even inverted visual field

Question 15

perceptual set

Answer 15

a mental predisposition to perceive one thing and not another

Question 16

human factors psychology

Answer 16

a branch of psychology that explores how people and machines interact and how machines and physical environments can be made safe and easy to use

Question 17

extrasensory perception (ESP)

Answer 17

the controversial claim that perception can occur apart from sensory input. Said to include telpathy, clairvoiyance, and precognition

Question 18

Parapsychology

Answer 18

the study of paranormal phenomena, including ESP and psychokinesis

Question 19

cocktail party effect

Answer 19

your ability to attend o]to only one voice among many, your name can be heard across the room into consciousness, comes at a cost

Question 20

change blindness

Answer 20

when you lack awareness of happenings in visual environment, after brief interruption and a change, the viewers don’t notice

Question 21

change deafness

Answer 21

people dont notice a change in voice if focused on something else

Question 22

choice blindness

Answer 22

people are allowed to choose which picture is prettier and then they give them the opposite one and they cant tell the difference

Question 23

choice blindness blindness

Answer 23

when you defend the reason you chose the wrong picture

Question 24

pop-out phenomenon

Answer 24

a strikingly distinct stimulus

Question 25

illusion

Answer 25

reveal teh way we organize and interpret our sensationis