Chapter 2 Part 2

Question 0

medulla

Answer 0

the base of the brainstem, controls heartbeat and breathing

Question 1

brainstem

Answer 1

the oldest part and central core of the brain, beginning where the spinal cord swells as it enters the skull, responsible for automatic survival functions

Question 2

reticular formation

Answer 2

a nerve network in the brainstem that plays an important role in controlling arousal

Question 3

thalamus

Answer 3

the brains sensory switchboard located on top of the brainstem, it directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortes and transmits replies to the cerebellum and medulla

Question 4

cerebellum

Answer 4

the little brain attached to the rear of the brainstem its functions include processing sensory input and coordinating movement output and balance

Question 5

limbic system

Answer 5

a doughnut shaped system of neural structures at the border of the brainstem adn cerebral hemispheres , associated with emotions like fear and aggression and drives like food and sex, includes hippocampus amygdala and hypothalamus

Question 6

amygdala

Answer 6

two lima bean sized neural clusters that are components of the limbic system and linked to emotion- fear and aggression

Question 7

hypothalamus

Answer 7

a neural structure lying below the thalamus that directs several maintenance activities like eating drinking body temp and helps govern the endocrine system via the pituitary gland and is linked to emotion

Question 8

cerebral cortex

Answer 8

the intricate fabric of interconnected neural cells that covers teh cerebral hemispheres, the bodys ultimate control and information processing center

Question 9

glial cells

Answer 9

cells in the nervous system that support nourish and protect neurons

Question 10

frontal lobes

Answer 10

the portion of the cerebral cortex lying just behing the forehead, involved in speaking and muscle movements and in making plans and judgements

Question 11

parietal lobes

Answer 11

the portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the top of the head and toward the rear receives sensory input for touch and body position

Question 12

occipital lobe

Answer 12

teh portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the back of the head that includes teh visual areas with receive visual information from the opposite visual field

Question 13

temporal lobe

Answer 13

the portion of teh creabral cortex lying roughly above the ears incydes teh auditory areas each of which receives auditory information primarily from the opposite ear

Question 14

motor cortex

Answer 14

an area at the rear of the frontal lobes that controls voluntary movements

Question 15

sensory cortex

Answer 15

the area at the front of the parietal lobes taht registers and processes body touch and movement sensations

Question 16

association areas

Answer 16

areas of teh cerebral cortex that are not involved in primary motor or sensory functions, rather, they are involved in higher mental functions such as learning remembering thinking and speaking

Question 17

aphasia

Answer 17

impairment of language usually caused by left hemisphere damage either to Broca’s area or wernickes area

Question 18

Broca’s area

Answer 18

controls language expression and area of the frontal lobe usually in the left hemisphere that directs the muscle movements involved in speech

Question 19

wernickes area

Answer 19

controls language reception a brain area involved ini language comprehension and expression usually in the left temporal lobe

Question 20

plasticity

Answer 20

the brains capacity for modification as evident in brain reorganization following damage and in experiments of the effects of experience on brain development

Question 21

corpus callosum

Answer 21

the large band of neural fibers connecting the two brain hemispheres and carrying messages between them

Question 22

split brain

Answer 22

a condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers between them

Question 23

Pons

Answer 23

Above medulla,helps coordinate movement, and sleep deprivation

Question 24

Phineus Gage

Answer 24

Had damage to frontal lobe and could act the same but personality was different, railroad spike

Question 25

Hippocampus

Answer 25

Processes memory