Chapter 6

Question 1

Prions are made up of ____. They are responsible for ___ ,and they are resistant to _____(3)

Answer 1

proteins

TSEs (Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies)

chemicals, radiation, and heat

Question 2

Viruses are small ____ parasites that need a ___. They are ___

Answer 2

obligate intracellular
host
acellular

Question 3

PrPc mean ___ and they are the ___ version

Answer 3

prion protein cellular
good

Question 4

PrPsc means ___ and they are the ___ version

Answer 4

prion protein scapy
bad

Question 5

“H” stands for ___, where “N” stands for ___

Answer 5

Hemagglutinin (entry)
neuraminidase (exit)

Question 6

Viruses have ___ and ___ in their structure. They may have ___ or ___. There are ___ ciral structures which are ___ and ___

Answer 6

proteins
nucleic acid
envelope
enzymes
Coat
Core

Question 7

A coat consists of ____which is a ___ shell that all viruses have, and an envelope which is a _____ that not all viruses have.

Answer 7

capsid
protein
an extra layer of protection

Question 8

The two types of envelopes are ___ and ____.

Answer 8

naked (just nucleocapsid)
enveloped

Question 9

The core consists of ____ and ___

Answer 9

nucleic acid
enzymes (not all have this)

Question 10

Viruses are limited by ____ and ___

Answer 10

host rage (e.g., dogs, humans, etc.)
tropism (specific cell type)

Question 11

(Animal Viruses) Absorption is also known as ___, this is where the virus ____ to the host cell via ____ to host cell receptors.

Answer 11

attachment
binds
glycoprotein spikes

Question 12

(Animal Viruses) Penetration is also known as ___. This happens via ____ of viral envelope w/ host cell ____. ___ of the entire virus happens here. ___ is when the envelope and capsid break apart and nucleic acid is released into cells ____. ___ is when there’s a replicaiton. of nucleic acid and ___ are made. ____ is also the maturation stage. ___ also known as exit happens through __ and __ (the host cell dies).

Answer 12

entry
fusion
plasma membrane
Endocytosis
Uncoding
cytosol
Synthesis
proteins
Assembly
release
lysis
budding off

Question 13

Cytopathic effects (C.P.E.s) include ___ and ___

Answer 13

syncytia (fusion of host cells)
inclusion bodies

Question 14

The different type of viral infections are ____(3)

Answer 14

acute (come and go)
latent persistent (in body then pop up)
chronic (build up)

Question 15

There are two types of ssRNA viruses, they are _____ and ____

Answer 15

positive (mRNA is ready to go)
negative (must be converted into ssRNA+)

Question 16

Under ssRNA+ viruses there are ___ and ___

Answer 16

dsDNA(retrovirus/provirus…go in opposite direction)

dsRNA

Question 17

Bacteriophages are viruses that infect ___. All of these viruses are ____ viruses

Answer 17

bacteria
naked

Question 18

(Bacteriophages) The lytic cycle is also known as the ____ cycle. There are ___ stages, they are ___

Answer 18

virulent
5

1) absorption
2) penetration (only phage DNA is injected into cell…produces phagelysozyme…breaks down P.G.)
3)Synthesis
4)Assembly
5) Release (lysosome)

Question 19

(Bacteriophages) The lysogenic cycle is also known as the ____ phages(there’s a pause). There are ___ stages, they are ___

Answer 19

temperate phages
7

1)attatchment
2)penetration
3)Integration (phage DNA intefrates into bacterial chromosome. This is called prophage *lysogeny)
4)Induction (phage DNA excites itself
5) Assembly
6) Maturation
7) Release

Question 20

Genes are composed of ___

Answer 20

DNA

Question 21

Lysogenic conversion is also known as ___ conversion. ____ acquires genes from a _____ phage (e.g., toxins)

Answer 21

phage
bacteria
temperate

Question 22

The flow of genetic information (alphabetical order)

Answer 22

DNA/gene replication (transcription to) RNA/messengerRNA (translation to) protein

Question 23

Answer 23

D

Question 24

Answer 24

D

Question 25

Answer 25

B

Question 26

Answer 26

E

Question 27

Answer 27

A

Question 28

Answer 28

A

Question 29

Answer 29

C

Question 30

Answer 30

A

Question 31

Answer 31

A

Question 32

Answer 32

D

Question 33

Answer 33

A