Chapter 6 Flashcards
Psychopathy
A personality disorder characterized by a constellation of affective, interpersonal, lifestyle, and behavioural symptoms
Interpersonal Symptoms
- Glib
- Superficial
- Manipulative
Affective Symptoms
- Lack of remorse
- Lack of empathy
- Shallow affect
Lifestyle Symptoms
- Need for stimulation
- Parasitic
- Lack of goals
Behavioural Symptoms
- Poor behavioural controls
- Impulsivity
PCL - R
Psychopathy Checklist-Revised
- Clinical instrument - you can use it for clinical research
- Evaluates the relative presence of psychopathic symptoms
Factor 1
Emotional/Interpersonal Symptoms
Factor 2
Social Deviance Symptoms
What is the number to be identified as a psychopath
The cutoff is 30 or higher out of 40
Frequency and Versatility
- High-density offenders
- Recidivism Rates
- Jacks of all trades
Nature of Violence
- Violent Crime
- Atypical Motivations
- “Flawed Predators”
- Sexual Violence
Criminal Recidivism
- Recidivism; Violence Recidivism
- PCL - R –> Criminal Recidivism
Psychopathy and Gender
- Women Lower mean scores and base rates
- PCL-R scores are equally predictive of criminal history
Gender and Socialization Experiences
- Difference in behavioural items on PCL-R
- Behavioural Expression of Aggression
Stability of Psychopathy
- Reduction in non-violent crime by age 35 or 40 years
- Age-related changed and affective/interpersonal traits
Treatment and Psychopathy
Historically
- Therapeutic Communities
- Empathy-Based Programs
Rewards-Based Therapy
- Decompression Model
Fearlessness Model
- David Lykken
Psychopathy is rooted in a lack of fear or anxiety as a result of abnormally low autonomic nervous system functioning - Fearlessness results in an inability to respond to and learn from the consequences of punishment
Hypoemotionality Model
-Robert D. Hare
- A theory proposing that psychopaths’ emotional deficits increase their likelihood of committing criminal behaviour because they have no feelings for other people and do not experience distress over causing harm
Response Modulation Model
- A theory proposing that psychopaths display an impaired ability to monitor and adjust their behaviour, leading them to overlook or disregard factors that would stop most people in the same situation
Threatened Egoism Model
A model stating that individuals with an inflated sense of themselves may defend against unfavourable feedback that threatens this unrealistic self-appraisal by reacting aggressively against the information source
