Chapter 59 and 60

Question 1

what kind of N/V are anticholinergics and antihistamines used to treat

Answer 1

they are used to treat simple N/V ie motion sickness

Question 2

what kind of medication is dimenhydrinate

Answer 2

it is an antihistamine used to treat simple N/V

Question 3

what type of medication is ondansetron*

Answer 3

it is the prototype Serotonin 5 HT3 receptor antagonist

Question 4

what is the primary indication for ondansetron

Answer 4

mainly used to treat N/V related to chemotherapy

Question 5

What kind of medication is Phenothiazine *

Answer 5

it is a dopamine agonist

Question 6

what is the primary indication for phenothiazine

Answer 6

Used to treat N/V related to cancer treatment

Question 7

what is ondansetron’s mechanism of action

Answer 7

block serotonin receptors in the N/V center in the brain

Question 8

what kind of drug is diphenoxylate with atropine and what are its two components *

Answer 8

it is the prototype drug to treat diarrhea diphenoxylate is an opioid
Atropine is an anticholinergic

Question 9

What are the main adverse effects of diphenoxylate with atropine *

Answer 9

Dizziness (make sure to provide a safe environment)
Drowsiness (because it’s an opioid)
If taking to much anticholinergic OD is possible

Question 10

what are the two types of laxatives

Answer 10

Bulk forming
Saline Cathartics

Question 11

what kind of medication is Psyllium Mucilloid and what is its brand name *

Answer 11

it is the prototype bulk forming laxative
Brand Name: Metamucil

Question 12

what are the main drug interactions for Psyllium Mucilloid

Answer 12

Can interfere with digoxin and warfarin levels

Question 13

what side effect of psyllium mucilloid should immediately be addressed

Answer 13

if the PT has retrosternal pain should immediately be addressed because PM can get stuck and expand in the throat

Question 14

what is the common suffix for proton pump inhibitors *

Answer 14

Will end in “-prazole”

Question 15

what kind of medication is Omeprazole

Answer 15

it is the prototype proton pump inhibitor (remember -prazole=PPI)

Question 16

How do H2 receptor agonists work

Answer 16

they decrease acid secretions

Question 17

what conditions are H2 receptor antagonists used for

Answer 17

Peptic ulcer disease
Acid reflux

Question 18

what is the suffix for H2 receptor agonists *

Answer 18

“-tidine”

Question 19

how are H2 receptor antagonists excreted from the body

Answer 19

mainly excreted through the kidneys

Question 20

what are the main drug interactions for H2 receptor antagonists

Answer 20

Do not take with antacids since it decreases effectiveness

Question 21

what adverse effect can antacids with calcium cause *

Answer 21

Can cause constipation (think Codeine Calcium=constipation)

Question 22

what adverse effect can antacids with aluminum cause *

Answer 22

the aluminum can bind to phosphate and cause decreased levels

Question 23

when would an antacid be contraindicated

Answer 23

-Bowel obstruction (because they can create more constipation)
-Apendicitis
-GI bleed

Question 24

what are risk factors for peptic ulcer disease

Answer 24

-H-Pylori infection
-Family history
-Steroids
-NSAIDS
-platelet inhibitors
-Caffeine
-stress
-Blood group O people

Question 25

what is somatostatin and it function in the GI tract

Answer 25

it is a hormone that reduces the amount of gastric secretions

Question 26

what kind of medication is Sulfasalazine and what is it used for *

Answer 26

it is a 5-Aminosalicylic acid agent used to treat IBD

Question 27

when would Sulfasalazine be contraindicated

Answer 27

if the patient has a sulfa allergy

Question 28

how does sulfasalazine work to treat IBD

Answer 28

mainly works by reducing inflammation