Chapter 59 and 60 Flashcards
what kind of N/V are anticholinergics and antihistamines used to treat
they are used to treat simple N/V ie motion sickness
what kind of medication is dimenhydrinate
it is an antihistamine used to treat simple N/V
what type of medication is ondansetron*
it is the prototype Serotonin 5 HT3 receptor antagonist
what is the primary indication for ondansetron
mainly used to treat N/V related to chemotherapy
What kind of medication is Phenothiazine *
it is a dopamine agonist
what is the primary indication for phenothiazine
Used to treat N/V related to cancer treatment
what is ondansetron’s mechanism of action
block serotonin receptors in the N/V center in the brain
what kind of drug is diphenoxylate with atropine and what are its two components *
it is the prototype drug to treat diarrhea diphenoxylate is an opioid
Atropine is an anticholinergic
What are the main adverse effects of diphenoxylate with atropine *
Dizziness (make sure to provide a safe environment)
Drowsiness (because it’s an opioid)
If taking to much anticholinergic OD is possible
what are the two types of laxatives
Bulk forming
Saline Cathartics
what kind of medication is Psyllium Mucilloid and what is its brand name *
it is the prototype bulk forming laxative
Brand Name: Metamucil
what are the main drug interactions for Psyllium Mucilloid
Can interfere with digoxin and warfarin levels
what side effect of psyllium mucilloid should immediately be addressed
if the PT has retrosternal pain should immediately be addressed because PM can get stuck and expand in the throat
what is the common suffix for proton pump inhibitors *
Will end in “-prazole”
what kind of medication is Omeprazole
it is the prototype proton pump inhibitor (remember -prazole=PPI)
How do H2 receptor agonists work
they decrease acid secretions
what conditions are H2 receptor antagonists used for
Peptic ulcer disease
Acid reflux
what is the suffix for H2 receptor agonists *
“-tidine”
how are H2 receptor antagonists excreted from the body
mainly excreted through the kidneys
what are the main drug interactions for H2 receptor antagonists
Do not take with antacids since it decreases effectiveness
what adverse effect can antacids with calcium cause *
Can cause constipation (think Codeine Calcium=constipation)
what adverse effect can antacids with aluminum cause *
the aluminum can bind to phosphate and cause decreased levels
when would an antacid be contraindicated
-Bowel obstruction (because they can create more constipation)
-Apendicitis
-GI bleed
what are risk factors for peptic ulcer disease
-H-Pylori infection
-Family history
-Steroids
-NSAIDS
-platelet inhibitors
-Caffeine
-stress
-Blood group O people
what is somatostatin and it function in the GI tract
it is a hormone that reduces the amount of gastric secretions
what kind of medication is Sulfasalazine and what is it used for *
it is a 5-Aminosalicylic acid agent used to treat IBD
when would Sulfasalazine be contraindicated
if the patient has a sulfa allergy
how does sulfasalazine work to treat IBD
mainly works by reducing inflammation
