chapter 16 and 30

Question 1

what kind of medication ends in “-olol”*

Answer 1

Beta adrenergic antagonists/Beta blockers

Question 2

What beta receptors do selective beta blockers target

Answer 2

target Beta 1 receptors

Question 3

what are the main adverse effects of beta adrenergic antagonists

Answer 3

-hypoglycemia (prevents release of glucose from the liver)
-Bronchoconstriction (if they are not selective)
-rebound tachycardia if the pt stops taking them suddenly

Question 4

what kind of drug is metoprolol *

Answer 4

the prototype selective beta blocker

Question 5

what is the main indication for metoprolol

Answer 5

HTN

Question 6

what are some considerations for metoprolol

Answer 6

-do not administer if HR is below 60
-do not administer if systolic BP is below 100
-do not stop suddenly
-report circulation issues

Question 7

what kind of medication is propranolol *

Answer 7

it is the prototype non selective beta blocker

Question 8

what are considerations for propranolol *

Answer 8

-Access for asthma and COPD
-Can cause widening QRS complex
-watch in renal impairment (since it is excreted through the kidneys)

Question 9

what do calcium channel blockers do

Answer 9

they reduce HR and blood pressure

Question 10

what is the main drug interaction for CCB *

Answer 10

CCB’s will increase serum levels of digoxin which can lead to bradycardia

Question 11

what are the two types of Calcium Channel blockers

Answer 11

Dihydropyridines
Non Dihydropyridines

Question 12

What is the mechanism of action for Non dihydropyridines

Answer 12

acts on both the vascular smooth muscle and myocardium to reduce BP and HR

Question 13

What is the mechanism of action for dihydropyridines

Answer 13

selectively blocks calcium channels in the vascular smooth muscle only

Question 14

what kind of drug is Verapamil *

Answer 14

it is a non dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker

Question 15

what kind of drug is Nifedipine *

Answer 15

it is the prototype dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker

Question 16

where is nifedipine metabolized

Answer 16

it is metabolized in the liver

Question 17

what are the main considerations for verapamil

Answer 17

-do not give if systolic BP is less than 90
-Keep patient lying flat for at least 1 hour after administration

Question 18

what kind of medication is diltiazem *

Answer 18

a non dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker very similar to verapamil

Question 19

what is the first dose phenomenon *

Answer 19

when a pt gets severe hypotension from their first dose of Alpha Adrenergic Antagonist medication which can cause syncope

Question 20

what alpha receptors do selective alpha adrenergic antagonist work on

Answer 20

they only target A1 receptors

Question 21

what medication usually ends with
“-Osin” *

Answer 21

Alpha 1 adrenergic antagonists

Question 22

What are the main therapeutic uses for Alpha 1 receptor antagonists

Answer 22

-BPH (also relax prostate and bladder to increase urine flow)
-Pheochromocytoma (Elevated catecholamines which causes severe HTN)
-HTN

Question 23

what is the most common adverse effect of alpha adrenergic antagonists

Answer 23

Hypotension