chapter 16 and 30 Flashcards
what kind of medication ends in “-olol”*
Beta adrenergic antagonists/Beta blockers
What beta receptors do selective beta blockers target
target Beta 1 receptors
what are the main adverse effects of beta adrenergic antagonists
-hypoglycemia (prevents release of glucose from the liver)
-Bronchoconstriction (if they are not selective)
-rebound tachycardia if the pt stops taking them suddenly
what kind of drug is metoprolol *
the prototype selective beta blocker
what is the main indication for metoprolol
HTN
what are some considerations for metoprolol
-do not administer if HR is below 60
-do not administer if systolic BP is below 100
-do not stop suddenly
-report circulation issues
what kind of medication is propranolol *
it is the prototype non selective beta blocker
what are considerations for propranolol *
-Access for asthma and COPD
-Can cause widening QRS complex
-watch in renal impairment (since it is excreted through the kidneys)
what do calcium channel blockers do
they reduce HR and blood pressure
what is the main drug interaction for CCB *
CCB’s will increase serum levels of digoxin which can lead to bradycardia
what are the two types of Calcium Channel blockers
Dihydropyridines
Non Dihydropyridines
What is the mechanism of action for Non dihydropyridines
acts on both the vascular smooth muscle and myocardium to reduce BP and HR
What is the mechanism of action for dihydropyridines
selectively blocks calcium channels in the vascular smooth muscle only
what kind of drug is Verapamil *
it is a non dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker
what kind of drug is Nifedipine *
it is the prototype dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker
where is nifedipine metabolized
it is metabolized in the liver
what are the main considerations for verapamil
-do not give if systolic BP is less than 90
-Keep patient lying flat for at least 1 hour after administration
what kind of medication is diltiazem *
a non dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker very similar to verapamil
what is the first dose phenomenon *
when a pt gets severe hypotension from their first dose of Alpha Adrenergic Antagonist medication which can cause syncope
what alpha receptors do selective alpha adrenergic antagonist work on
they only target A1 receptors
what medication usually ends with
“-Osin” *
Alpha 1 adrenergic antagonists
What are the main therapeutic uses for Alpha 1 receptor antagonists
-BPH (also relax prostate and bladder to increase urine flow)
-Pheochromocytoma (Elevated catecholamines which causes severe HTN)
-HTN
what is the most common adverse effect of alpha adrenergic antagonists
Hypotension
