Chapter 14 and 15 ADRENERGIC AGONISTS AND CHOLINERGIC ANTAGONISTS Flashcards
What are the two classifications of adrenergic agonists **
Catecholamines
Noncatecholamines
Can Catecholamines be taken PO why or why not**
No they can not be taken PO because enzymes in the stomach will degrade them before they can reach the bloodstream
Can non catecholamines be taken PO **
Yes they are not broken down in the stomach
can catecholamines cross the blood brain barrier? *
No they can not cross the BBB
can Noncatecholamines cross the blood brain barrier? **
yes they are better able to enter the CNS
What are three common effects of alpha 1 agonists
Remember the three P’s
-Pee (urinary retention)
-Pupils (dilate)
-Peripheral vasoconstriction
what are Alpha 1 agonists prescribed for
Nasal congestion
Hypotension (Since it causes peripheral vasoconstriction)
What are Alpha 2 agonists prescribed for
Treatment of hypotension
What do Beta 1 receptors control?
Control the heart so if they are stimulated they increase heart rate
(think 1 heart=Beta 1)
What do Beta 2 receptors control
Lungs
uterus
(Think 2 lungs=Beta 2)
What is an important patient teaching when it comes to storing epinephrine**
Will break down if it is exposed to light so store in a dark place
What are some considerations when administering epinephrine**
-use cardiac monitor (since it can put strain on the heart)
-Inform prescriber of changes in in’s outs (because of retention)
-monitor for hyperglycemia (since epi causes glucose release from the liver)
-examine ocular and nasal mucosa
What are alpha 1 agonists used to treat
used to treat conditions with hypertension since it stimulates peripheral vasoconstriction
What are some contraindications of Alpha 1 agonists **
-Hyperthyroidism
-Diabetes
pre existing bradycardia
what is the prototype Alpha-1 agonist*
Phenylephrine
what is the treatment for a phenylephrine overdose**
Phentolamine
anti dysrythmic drugs
if someone is taking a adrenergic agonist should they have caffeine?**
No causes to much stress on the heart
what is a chronotropic effect
an increase in heart rate
what is an inotropic effect
Increase strength of myocardial contraction
what is the prototype beta agonist
isoproterenol
what type of beta agonist is isoproterenol
non selective beta agonist
what are the two types of anticholinergics
Muscarinic
Nicotinic
