Chapter 58- Facial Analysis Flashcards
Nasal rotation
along arc from EAC
Increased is cephalic, derotate is caudal
Pogonion vs Menton
Pog: most anterior point of chin, profile
Ment: lowest point of chin
Frankfort Horizontal plane
approximate with line drawn from superior tragus to lower eyelid-cheek skin junction
Real line is superior EAC to inferior aspect of infraorbital rim on lateral view
Facial plane
line from glabella to pogonion (most anterior forehead to most anterior chin)
Intersects Frankfurt plane at angle of 80-95 degrees
zero meridian of Gonzales-Ulloa
perpendicular to Frankfurt
through nasion
pogonion should be within 5mm
Nasofrontal Angle
115-135 deg
Glab –> Nasion
Nasion –> Tip
Nasofacial angle
36 deg
Glab –> Pogo
Nasion –> Tip
Nasolabial angle
90-95 m, 95-110 f
columella point (most ant part) –> subnasale
Subnasale –> labrale superiorus
Nasomental angle
120-132 deg 4mm tip to labrale superiorus 2mm labrale sup to inf nasion --> tip tip --> pogonion
MOST IMPORTANT ANGLE! (tip projection, chin position)
Mentocervical angle
80-95 deg
glabella –> pogonion
menton –> cervical point (between submental and neck, innermost)
Rule of thirds (vertical nose)
Trichion –> Glabella = Glabella –> subnasale = Subnasale –> menton
Rule of fifths (width)
Intercanthal distance = width of nose = lateral canthus to ear
supratip break
ULC meet LLC
Tip should lead dorsum by 1-2mm
double break in columella
1- tip turns posteriorly/inferiorly to infratip lobule
2- intratip lobule transition to flatter/more horz columella (this is where medial and intermediate crura meet)
At what level should the nasion be
supratarsal crease
ideal nasal base
columella: infratip lobule ratio 2:1 (height)
2-4 mm columellar show
lobule 75% width of nasal base
widest nostril portion at sill
How to assess tip projection
- 55-0.6:1 projection to dorsum length
2. 8:1 nasal height to tip projection
Chin projection
Males: pogonion approximates vertical line from vermilion border lower lip. Females, pogonion is 2-3mm posterior
Underprojected chin –> perceived increase in nasal size
How does prominent forehead affect perceived nasal size
Perceived decrease in nasal size
2 ways to assess lip projection
line from subnasale to pogonion
Upper lip 3.5mm anterior, lower lip 2.2mm anterior
Line nasal tip to pogonion (nasomental)
Upper lip 2mm posterior, lower lip 4mm posterior
Aesthetic eyebrow
medial start directly above ala
highest point at lat limbus/canthus
end @ oblique line from ala through lat canthus
medial and lateral aspects same horizontal plane
medial club shaped, taper laterally
Female vs Male brow
F: thinner, more arched, positioned above supraorb rim
M: thicker, straighter, at supraorbital rim
