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Miscellaneous Vocab > Chapter 5 Pathology > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

anorexia

A

lack of appetite

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2
Q

ascites

A

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen

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3
Q

borborygmi

A

rumbling or gurgling noises produced by the movement of gas, fluid, or both in the gastrointestinal tract

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4
Q

constipation

A

difficulty in passing stools

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5
Q

diarrhea

A

frequent passage of loose, watery stools

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6
Q

dysphagia

A

difficulty in swallowing

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7
Q

eructation

A

belching
gas expelled from the stomach through the mouth

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8
Q

flatus

A

fart

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9
Q

hematochezia

A

passage of fresh, bright red blood from the rectum

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10
Q

jaundice (icterus)

A

hyperbilirubinemia
yellow-orange coloration of the skin and whites of the eyes caused by high levels of bilirubin in the blood

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11
Q

melena

A

black, tarry stools; feces containing digested blood

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12
Q

nausea

A

unpleasant sensation in the stomach with a tendency to vomit

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13
Q

steatorrhea

A

fat in the feces

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14
Q

apthous stomatitis

A

inflammation of the mouth with small, painful ulcers

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15
Q

dental caries

A

tooth decay

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16
Q

herpetic stomatitis

A

inflammation of the mouth caused by infection with the herpesvirus

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17
Q

oral leukoplakia

A

white plaques or patches on the mucosa of the mouth
precancerous lesion

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18
Q

periodontal disease

A

inflammation and degeneration of gums, teeth, and surrounding bone

19
Q

achalasia

A

failure of the lower esophagus sphincter (LES) muscle to relax

20
Q

esophageal cancer

A

malignant tumor of the esophagus

21
Q

esophageal varices

A

swollen varicose veins at the lower end of the esophagus

22
Q

gastric cancer

A

malignant tumor of the stomach

23
Q

gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

A

solids and fluids return to the mouth from the stomach

24
Q

hernia

A

protrusion of an organ or part through the tissues and muscles normally containing it

25
Q

peptic ulcer

A

open sore in the lining of the stomach or duodenum

26
Q

anal fistula

A

abnormal tube-like passageway near the anus

27
Q

colonic polyps

A

polyps protrude from the mucous membrane of the colon

28
Q

colorectal cancer

A

adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum, or both

29
Q

Crohn disease

A

chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract

30
Q

diverticulosis

A

abnormal outpouchings (diverticula) in the intestinal wall of the colon
diverticulitis is a complication of diverticulosis

31
Q

dysentery

A

painful inflammation of the intestines commonly caused by bacterial infection
“Such a crappy way to go.”

32
Q

hemorrhoids

A

swollen, twisted varicose veins in the rectal region

33
Q

ileus

A

loss of peristalsis with resulting obstruction of the intestines

34
Q

inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

A

inflammation of the colon and small intestine
see Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis

35
Q

intussusception

A

telescoping of the intestines
one segment of the bowel collapses into the opening of another segment

36
Q

irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

A

group of GI symptoms (abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, constipation) without structural abnormalities in the intestines

37
Q

ulcerative colitis

A

chronic inflammation of the colon with presence of ulcers
an inflammatory bowel disease

38
Q

volvulus

A

twisting of the intestine on itself

39
Q

cholelithiasis

A

gallstones in the gallbladder

40
Q

cirrhosis

A

chronic degenerative disease of the liver

41
Q

hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)

A

liver cancer

42
Q

pancreatic cancer

A

malignant tumor of the pancreas

43
Q

pancreatitis

A

inflammation of the pancreas

44
Q

viral hepatitis

A

inflammation of the liver caused by a virus
Hepatitis A spread by contaminated food/water
Hepatitis B spread through bodily fluids and sexual contact
Hepatitis C spread through blood

Miscellaneous Vocab (34 decks)

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