Chapter 15b Joints Pathology

Question 1

arthritis

Answer 1

inflammation of any joint

Question 2

ankylosing spondylitis

Answer 2

chronic, progressive arthritis with stiffening of joints, primarily of the spine

Question 3

gouty arthritis (gout)

Answer 3

inflammation and painful swelling in and around joints caused by the deposition of uric acid crystals

Question 4

osteoarthritis (OA)

Answer 4

progressive, degenerative joint disease with loss of articular cartilage and hypertrophy of bone (formation of osteophytes or bone spurs) at articular surfaces

Question 5

rheumatoid arthritis (RA)

Answer 5

chronic joint condition with inflammation and pain; caused by an autoimmune reaction against joint tissue, particularly the synovial membrane

Question 6

bunion

Answer 6

enlargement of bone or tissue around the joint at the base of the big toe (metatarsophalangeal joint)

Question 7

carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)

Answer 7

compression of the median nerve as it passes between the transverse ligament and bones and tendons of the wrist

Question 8

dislocation

Answer 8

displacement of a bone from its joint

Question 9

ganglion cyst

Answer 9

fluid-filled sac arising from joint capsules or tendons

Question 10

herniation of an intervertebral disc

Answer 10

abnormal protrusion of an intervertebral disc into the spinal canal or spinal nerves

Question 11

Lyme disease (Lyme arthritis)

Answer 11

chronic, recurrent disorder marked by severe arthritis, myalgia and malaise; cause is a bacterium carried by a tick

Question 12

sprain

Answer 12

injury, often the result of trauma, involving overstretching of the ligaments around a joint

Question 13

systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

Answer 13

chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease involving joints, skin, kidneys, central nervous system (CNS), heart, and lungs