Chapter 5 part 3 Flashcards
What was the life of Horney?
*Neglected second born
*Father was religious, domineering, imperious, and morose
*Mother was attractive, spirited, and freethinking
How did Horney break from Freud?
*Horney disagreed with Freud’s notions of the Oedipal complex and his division of the mind into id, ego, and superego
*Horney thought that Freud’s theory reflected a different country and time, so problems that people experience must be culturally, not biologically determined
*Sexual problems secondary to jobs, food, and medical care
Note: She also came up with womb envy.
- Want to carry a baby
- Leads to traits we associate with men
What is the Childhood Need for Safety?
*Ridicule and humiliation
*Children need to feel safe (protection of the ego - the self)
*Isolation of child from peers
*Infant’s helplessness increases when they are kept in an excessively dependent state
* If child neglect they build up hostility to parents
*Reasons for a child to repress hostility towards parents
*Punishments, love, and guilt
Does she believe in Oedipus complex?
No,
Believes:
Child does get jealous of other gender parent (but that feeling brings anxiety)
Who’s ideas does she follow more?
Adlers
“She’s still a Neo-Freudian, still believes in ____”
Energies
What is Basic Evil?
Anything that parents do that undermines a child’s security
What is Basic Hostility?
Feeling generated in a child if needs for safety and satisfaction are not consistently and lovingly satisfied by the parents
What is Basic Anxiety?
Psychological state that exists when basic hostility is repressed. It is the general feeling that everyone in the world is potentially dangerous.
Basic Anxiety (expanded on)
Feeling: lonliness/helplessness
Leads to
Foundation of neurosis
Leads to
Self protective mechanisms (they are powerful and intense)
- Allow us to seek security
Basic Anxiety makes us feel bad - so we try keep it to a minimum. How do we minimize basic anxiety?
ten strategies for minimizing basic anxiety called neurotic trends or neurotic needs
Everyone has these needs and attempts to satisfy them, but a neurotic person makes one need the focal point in life
What are the 10 Neurotic Trends/Needs?
*Need for Affection and Approval (problem: clingy. Why? parents did opposite)
*Need for a Partner Who Will Run One’s Life (Problem: Need them to make all choices for you)
*Need to Live one’s Live Within Narrow Limits (Problem: Small comfort zone)
*Need for Power
*Need to Exploit Others (Problem: Abusing others)
*Need for Social Recognition and Prestige
*Need for Personal Admiration
*Need for Ambition and Personal Achievement
*Need for Self-Sufficiency and Independence
*Need for Protection and Unassailability
What are Neurotic Needs and Trends?
Needs: Trends:
Affection & Approval Movement towards people
Dominant Partner (Compliant Personality)
Power
Exploitation Movement against people
Pre-Stige (Aggressive Personaility)
Admiration
Achievement
Self-Sufficiency Movement away from ppl
Perfection (Detached personality)
Narrow limits to life
What are the three adjustment patterns?
- Move to people: “If I give in, I shall not be hurt”
- Move Against people: “If i have power, no one can hurt me”
- Moving away from people: “If I withdraw, nothing can hurt me”
What is Horney’s approach to personality?
Psychocultural
What does Erik Erikson believe?
Believed that ego is a relatively powerful, independent part of personality
Ego psychology - Erikson’s approach to personality
Principal function of the ego is to establish and maintain a sense of identity
Identity crisis for Erikson?
Confusion and despair we feel when we lack a strong sense of who we are
How long is Eriksons stages of personality?
*Erikson’s stages of personality development continue from infancy to old age
*Crises - Turning points encountered by people in personality development
*Provides two directions in which to proceed
*How a person resolves a crisis determines the direction of his/her personality development
What is Basic trust versus mistrust (Erikson)? (stages of personality)
*Child whose needs are met develops a sense of basic trust
*Infants who never receive the loving care they need develops a sense of basic mistrust
What is Autonomy Versus Shame and Doubt (Erikson)? (stages of personality)
*Autonomy - Allowing children to manipulate and control what they encounter
*People with a sense of autonomy are confident
*Over protection of children hinders development and lead to shame and doubt
*Children become dependent on other
What is Initiative Versus Guilt (Erikson)? (stages of personality)
*Children who:
*Organize and participate in social activities develop a sense of initiative
*Lack initiative feel guilt and resignatio
What is Industry Versus Inferiority (Erikson)? (stages of personality)
*Industry - Belief in one’s strengths and abilities
*Develops when children experience success
*Inferiority - Lack of appreciation for one’s talents and skills
*Develops when children encounter failure
What is Identity Versus Role Confusion? (Erikson) (stages of personality)
People with a sense of identity make decisions about personal values and religious questions
Failing to develop a strong sense of identity leads to role confusion
What is Intimacy Versus Isolation? (Erikson) (stages of personality)
Young people search for special relationship to develop intimacy and grow emotionally
People who fail to develop intimacy face emotional isolation
What is Personality Generativity Versus Stagnation (Erikson) (stages of personality)
*Middle aged individuals develop a concern for guiding the next generation
*Parents raise their children
*Adults without children play an active role in raising nieces and nephews
*Adults who fail to develop sense of generativity suffer from a sense of stagnation
What is Ego Integrity Versus Despair (Erikson) (stages of personality)
People who:
*Look back on their lives with satisfaction develop a sense of integrity
*Fail to develop a sense of integrity fall into despair and express contempt for others
