Chapter 3: Part 1 Flashcards
What was Freuds Austria and why is it significant?
*Characterized by an even more rigorous form of Victorian sexual morality than England
*Intense moral preoccupation with sexuality, particularly in women and children
*Young women were expected to be chaste before marriage
*Sexual exploration and masturbation were assiduously suppressed
In extremely short description, what was Freuds main focus of study?
Unusual, or “perverse,” sexual desires dominate the mind
*In children, in neurotic adults, but also in normal adults
*These became “unconscious” No longer under the control of a person’s self-conscious and voluntary choices
*Manifested in a person’s involuntary actions, like mistakes and slips of the tongues, as well as in mental pathologies, like obsession, paranoia, hysteria, and anxiety.
What was the Life of Freud?
Worked as Clinical Neurologist
*Studied with Charcot
*Explored the benefits of cocaine
*Developed psychoanalytic practice
*Developed group of disciples
*Escaped Nazi invasion
Explain Freuds two Instincts?
-They are propelling forces of personality
-Form on energy
- Life Instinct
- Oriented to survival
- Libido
- Cathexis (allocation of mental or emotional energy to a person, object, or idea)
- Death Instinct
- Compulsion to destroy and conquer
- Aggressive
What are the main points of Freuds theory? (What makes up our different personalities)
- Individual differences
-Adaptation and adjustment
-Cognitive processes (thoughts have nothing to do with behavior) - Culture (each culture represses desires w/religion)
-Biological influences
-Development
How did Freud Discover the Unconscious?
*Studies in Hysteria, published by Freud and Breuer
*Case of Anna O. and use of hypnosis in treating hysteria (1895)
*Hysteria
What is Free association? (what does it find too)
Description of hidden material by patients, that seemed related to the causes and cure of hysterical symptoms
- is the practice of allowing the patient to discuss thoughts, dreams, memories, or words, regardless of coherency.
What did Freud say were the cause of hysterical symptoms expressed by adult patients?
Early traumatic sexual experiences
What is Psychic determinism?
Idea that unconscious forces have the power to influence behavior
Traumatic events ➵ Physical changes in the nervous system ➵ Anxiety symptoms later in life
*Physical changes could not be observed
*Freud turned to Analysis of clinical material
What is the Freud Topographic Model?
Personality is divided into different levels of awareness
*Conscious: Thoughts a person is currently aware of
*Preconscious: Retrievable information
*Unconscious: Thoughts that cannot be easily brought into awareness
*Except under extreme situations
What is the The structural Model of personality?
Id
*Pleasure principle
*Primary process thinking
Ego
*Reality principle
*Secondary process thinking
Superego
*Internalized values
*Conscience
*Ego-ideal
Ex. ID: I wanna kill!
Ego: Be a butcher
What is Neurotic Anxiety?
Id vs. Ego
What is Reality Anxiety?
tangible dangers
What is Moral Anxiety?
Id vs. Superego
What are Defense Mechanisms?
Ego strategies to defend against anxiety
*Provoked by everyday conflicts
*Denials or distortions of reality
