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Sanskrit Concepts > Chapter 5 - Nominals > Flashcards

Chapter 5 - Nominals Flashcards

1
Q

nominative case is literally the ___________case

A

naming

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2
Q

3 aspects of nominal usage

A

1 agreement
2 stems/declensions
3 articles and possessive pronouns

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3
Q

refers to people TOGETHER WITH WHOM something gets done

A

Instrumental case translated as with his/her/its group

e.g.Krishna went into the forest WITH HIS FRIENDS

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4
Q

words following a noun that express or support case function

A

Postpositions

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5
Q

a dative noun that expresses purpose of an action can either be a ________/__________ or it can be __________ _______.

A

thing/object

or

another action

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6
Q

Ablative case

A

expresses the source of an action

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7
Q

Sanskrit scholars referred to Sanskrit cases simply as _________, __________, and so on

A

first, second, and so on

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9
Q

definition of case

A

the way nominals forms can play different roles in a sentence

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11
Q

verbs that take accusative direct objects

A

transitive verbs

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12
Q

Genitive case

A

gives more information about another noun

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13
Q

saha, vinā, and prati

A

the three most common postpositions

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14
Q

Nominal forms

A

nouns or substantives
pronouns
adjectives
participles (adjectives formed from verbs - e.g. running water)

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14
Q

Vocative case

A

used to address someone

e.g. O King, Old Man, why do sit there?

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16
Q

He has a daughter.

Literally in sanskrit - A daughter is of him

A

genitive case type as a use of english verb of being (to be) so as to express the idea of possession

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17
Q

________, ___________, and __________ have different forms fir each gender .

A

adjectives, pronouns, participles

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18
Q

listing of the 8 nominal form cases

A 
Nominative
Vocative
Accusative
Instrumental
Dative
Ablative
Genitive
Locative
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19
Q

vinā is a common ________________

that means _____________

when used with a noun of one of these cases: ____________, ____________, or ____________.

A

postposition

“without”

accusative, instrumental, or ablative

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20
Q

a dative case sentence using “for” with another action to express purpose

A

I give this to you for safekeeping.

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22
Q

This was done by him.

A

genetive case type marked with english “by” used to express the agent of a passive verb.

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23
Q

number of sanskrit cases for nominal forms

A

8

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24
Q

the three qualifiers of nouns

A

adjectives, pronouns and particples _____ _________ ___ nouns

25
Q

forms of gender

A

masculine, feminine, neuter

26
Q

Nominative case

A

the subject of a sentence and anything referring to that subject

e.g. HE is the KING

27
Q

five types of english translation markings for locative case

A

1-3) any place in space or time,
in, on, at, near,
which something takes place

4) expressing the idea of among in dual or plural
5) expressing the goal of motion (called preganant ______ ) marked as english “into”

28
Q

Accusative case

A

used to express the direct object of a verb; that which is affected by the action of a verb or a goal (or target) of a motion

e.g. cat scratches a POST, gods grant a BOON, sage goes TO FOREST

29
Q

whenever an adjective, pronoun, or participle qualifies a noun, it has to ________ _______ this noun in all of the categories nouns are marked for _________, ___________, and __________.

A

________, _________, or _________ must
agree with
case, number, gender

30
Q

She did someting good for him.

She did something bad to him.

A

genitive case type with english for/to used to express someone indirectly involved in or concerned with an action

32
Q

a noun that expresses the purpose of an an action

A

Dative case

33
Q

form of sanskrit that uses accusative singular of adjectives and nouns

A

adverbs

33
Q

genitive english translation marker

A

of

34
Q

prati is a common ________________

meaning ___________, ___________, _____________

Used after a noun in the ________________ _______.

A

postposition

towards, concerning, about

accusative case

35
Q

prati

A

a noun in the accusative + ____________; “towards, concerning, about”

36
Q

dative is literally the __________ case

A

giving case

37
Q

saha is a common _______________

meaning ____________ ____________.

Used after a noun of the ___________ __________.

A

postposition

“together with”

instrumental case

38
Q

Hyranyakaśipu acted out of anger.

Kamsa acted from anger.

A

ablative case type as any reason for/because of which something occurs or takes place

39
Q

refers to the person BY WHOM something gets done

A

Instrumental case

e.g. the cake was made by her

39
Q

we came from the city

we came out of the city

A

ablative case type as the place from which a movement originates

41
Q

a dative case example using a “for” with a noun as an object to express purpose

A

She is running for the gold medal.

41
Q

We heard this from the spiritual master.

A

ablative case type as a person from whom something proceeds

42
Q

_____________ have one inherent gender

A

substantives (nouns)

43
Q

saha

A

a noun in the instrumental + ________; “together with”

46
Q

Instrumental case

A

used to express the instrument (tool) or agency by which something is done. in english marked as with or by

e.g. we see with eyes, cut with knife, cake made by her, went to forest with his friends

46
Q

a __________ ____________ expresses the goal of motion with the english marking “into”

A

pregnant locative

47
Q

type of language sanskrit is called because it uses regular endings to express concepts such as case, number, gender in nouns, or tense, person, mood, voice, in verbs

A

inflected language

48
Q

Categories that nominal forms express

A

case
number
gender

48
Q

ablative case types expressing source

A

place from which a movement originate
time from which something is done
person from whom something proceeds
any reason for/because of which somtheing occurs or takes place

48
Q

Locative case

A

used to express a location or any place in space or time

48
Q

ablative is literally the ______ ______ ______ case

A

carry-away from case

49
Q

vinā

A

a noun in the instrumental, accussative, or ablative + _________; “without”

50
Q

ablative english translation markers

A

from

out from

out of

51
Q

They had been walking from dawn.

It has been raining since yesterday.

A

ablative case type as the time from which somthing is done

Sanskrit Concepts (16 decks)

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