Chapter 14 - Compound Nouns

Question 1

A noun that consists of more than one stem….

Answer 1

compound noun

Question 2

determinative compounds (english definition)

Answer 2

the first member of the compound gives details about or ‘determines’ the meaning of the second member of the compound

Question 3

determinative compounds (sanskrit names)

Answer 3

Katmadhāraya and Tatpurus.a

Question 4

Karmadhāraya

Answer 4

descriptive determinative

the first element describes the second in compound nouns

Question 5

tatpurus.a

Answer 5

dependent determinative

the first member of the compound does not describe the second but rather is grammatically dependent on the second

treehouse —> a house in a tree (with locative case ending on the second)

Question 6

aluksamāsa

Answer 6

tatpurus.a dependent determinative compounds that do include a case ending on the first member

Question 7

aluks.amāsa predictability

Answer 7

when the first member in a dependent determinative (tatpurus.a) will include a case ending and it will not cannot be predicted

Question 8

determinative compounds are designated as nouns when their last member is

Answer 8

a noun (as compound)

Question 9

determinative compounds are always adjectives if their final member is

Answer 9

an adjective (as compound)

Question 10

bahuvrīhis

Answer 10

possessive compounds

Question 11

bahuvrīhis are always

Answer 11

always adjectives even though their final member is a noun

Ice-cold, hand-made, ruby-red

Question 12

bahuvrīhis first member types of words

Answer 12

while english usually has adjectives as the first member, sanskrit uses any kind of word:

adjectives (including participles), nouns, prepositions/preverbs, numerals

Question 13

frequent bahuvrīhis

Answer 13

first member is a ta-participle

Question 14

because bahuvrīhis are always adjectives

Answer 14

easily recognized when e.g. a neuter noun such as mukha- is compounded with a masculine such as aśvah as aśvah.mukhah. We easily recognize mukha- as thus having the agreement with its noun and therefore the only way for a conpound to be an adjective is if it is a

Question 15

dvandva

Answer 15

coordinative compounds

Question 16

whenever a dvandva has exactly two members

Answer 16

it ends in the dual

Question 17

coordinative compounds (dvandvas)

Answer 17

combine members that would otherwise be linked with ‘and’

Question 18

āmred.ita

Answer 18

repeated or iterative compounds

yuge yuge (loc singular of yuga - in every age, from age to age)

Question 19

avyayībhāva

Answer 19

indeclinable compounds used as adverbs

Question 20

form of avyayībhāva compound

Answer 20

Indeclinable first member (an adverb or pre-verb) combined with a second member in (Ntr) Acc Sg form —> signifying this the compound used as an averb